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First Aid. Lesson 1

First aid 1

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12 views

First Aid. Lesson 1

First aid 1

Uploaded by

John
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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FIRST AID

Lesson 1.
SAFETY FIRST!
Never do anything that
could make you a
casualty as well

STOP
Do you know
what you are
doing?
Cont.
Summary of Learning Outcomes.
1. Assess the nature and extent of injury or illness
2. Provide first aid intervention
3. Evaluate first aid intervention
4. Wind-up first aid intervention
1. Assess the nature and extent
of injury or illness.
• It includes;
1. Principles of first aid.
2. Scene size up.
3. Assessment of nature and extent of injury and /or illness.
4. Sourcing for emergency services.
5. Decision making-triaging.
6. Requirements for first aid.
Effective assessment of the nature and extent of injury or illness
reduces the mortality rate by 75% in most of emergency cases.
Definition of terms.
FIRST AID.
• Is the first and immediate assistance given to any person suffering
from either a minor or serious illness or injury, with care provided to
preserve life, prevent the condition from worsening, or to promote
recovery.
• It refers to the actions taken in response to someone who is injured or
taken ill.
• A first aider is a person who takes this action while taking care to
keep everyone involved safe and to cause no further harm while
doing so.
Cont.
EMERGENCY SERVICES
• Are the public organizations whose job is to take quick action to deal
with emergencies when they occur, especially the fire brigade, the
police, and the ambulance service.
CASUALTY
• The department of a hospital providing immediate treatment for
emergency cases.
INJURY
• Also known as physical trauma is damage to the body caused by
external force. This may be caused by accidents, falls, hits, weapons,
and other causes.
Emergency services.
Casualty Dept.
Objectives of first aid.
• To understand your own abilities and limitations.
• To stay safe and calm at all times.
• To assess a situation quickly and calmly and summon the appropriate
help if necessary.
• To assist the casualty and provide the ncessary treatment, with the
help of others if possible.
• To pass on relevant information to the emergency services or to the
person who takes responsibililty for the casualty.
• To be aware of your own needs.
Principles and Practice of First Aid
Principles (3 Ps)
• Preserve Life
• Prevent Deterioration
• Promote Recovery
Cont.
1. Preserve Life
• To ensure that the casualty is not in any danger
• Secondly ensure your (first aider) life is not in danger in order to apply
first aid
• Do a quick risk assessment to check for dangers to the injured person,
yourself or the bystanders which could escalate the situation.
• In case you are in doubt do not attempt to apply first aid and
immediately call for assistance of a medical profersional
Cont.
2. Prevent Deterioration
• Next priority is to prevent deterioration of the injured person’s
condition
• Keep the casualty still to avoid aggravating his or her injury, or from
complicating any unseen issues.
• Clear the area of any immediate dangers to prevent further injuries
Cont.
3. Promote Recovery
• Finally, there are steps you should follow which will help lessen the
amount of time taken for a casualty to recover from an accident and
aid in minimizing lasting damage and scarring.
• The prime example of this is applying cold water to a burn as soon as
possible to lower the chance of long-term scarring and helps speed up
the healing process.
Principles and Practice

First Aid Practices:


• Immediate action
• Calming down the situation
• Calling for medical assistance
• Apply the relevant treatment
Cont.
1. Immediate action
• This is the key to the ‘Preserving Life’ principle – a quick response to
an accident can save lives and minimise the risk that things get worse.
• If someone needs help, either from an injury or sickness, you
shouldn’t hesitate to help if possible .
Cont.
2. Calming down the situation
• First aiders should be able to;
1. Remain calm under pressure.
2. Help reduce the overall stress levels of the injured person .
3. Help other people who may be concerned.
Cont.
3. Calling for medical assistance
• Make sure to get hold of the emergency services by either calling:
• Yourself
• Ask a bystander to do so if you’re preoccupied handing the injury
This action will help in ensuring that medical help arrives quickly to
handle the situation and provide the specialized care
Cont.
4. Apply the relevant treatment
• Before a medical professional arrives, you will need to apply
first aid treatments in order to stabilise the condition of the
injured person.
• This comes under the ‘preserve life’ banner, and follows the
following procedures:
• Check for consciousness
Cont.
Ensure to follows this flow of procedures cont..:
 Apply ABC of First Aid
 Airway – check if there is anything blocking airway
 Breathing – check if casualty is breathing
 Circulation - check if the heart is beating (check for pulse) –
perform CPR if needed
 Check for bleeding - control any major bleeding
ABC of First Aid.
Purpose of First Aid

• Helps save lives.


• It allows the rescuer to provide the victim comfort.
• It gives tools to prevent the situation from becoming
worse.
• It creates the confidence to care.
• It encourages healthy and safe living.
Who is a First Aider?
A First Aider is a person who gives first aid to a person who is in
need.
A First Aider does something rather than nothing.
The person who provides First Aid maybe trained or not trained
and they include:
• Trained first aider.
• A first responder.
• A policeman/woman or fireman.
• Paramedic.
• Emergency Medical Team (EMT).
Responsibilities of a First Aider

The following are things a First Aider must do:


1. Recognise, assess, and prioritise the need for first aid
2. Provide care by using appropriate compentencies
3. Recognise your own limitations and seek additional care when
needed
4. Assess the situation quickly and safely and call for appropriate help
5. Protect the casualty or casualties and bystanders from possible
danger
Cont.
6. Identify the problem(s) with the casualty as far as possible.
7. Give each casualty early and appropriate treatment, treating the
most serious conditions first.
8. Try to get the casualty to someone with more medical knowledge
than you, or to the hospital or home, whatever is necessary in that
situation.
9. Prevent cross-infection between yourself and the casualty and visa
versa.
Concept Map for Concepts and Principles of
First Aid.

1. Definition

6. 2.
Responsibilit Objectives
Concepts and
ies of a First
Principles of
Aider
First Aid
3. Principles
5. Purpose of of First Aid
First Aid
4. Practice
First Aid

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