Vectors are quantities characterized by both magnitude and direction, represented by arrows. There are various types of vectors, including zero, unit, position, equal, and collinear vectors, along with operations such as addition, subtraction, scalar multiplication, dot product, and cross product. Vectors have applications in fields like physics, engineering, computer graphics, and navigation.
Vectors are quantities characterized by both magnitude and direction, represented by arrows. There are various types of vectors, including zero, unit, position, equal, and collinear vectors, along with operations such as addition, subtraction, scalar multiplication, dot product, and cross product. Vectors have applications in fields like physics, engineering, computer graphics, and navigation.
Vectors are quantities characterized by both magnitude and direction, represented by arrows. There are various types of vectors, including zero, unit, position, equal, and collinear vectors, along with operations such as addition, subtraction, scalar multiplication, dot product, and cross product. Vectors have applications in fields like physics, engineering, computer graphics, and navigation.
Vectors are quantities characterized by both magnitude and direction, represented by arrows. There are various types of vectors, including zero, unit, position, equal, and collinear vectors, along with operations such as addition, subtraction, scalar multiplication, dot product, and cross product. Vectors have applications in fields like physics, engineering, computer graphics, and navigation.
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Vectors - Class 12 NCERT
Understanding the Fundamentals of
Vectors in Mathematics Introduction to Vectors • • A vector is a quantity with both magnitude and direction. • • Represented by arrows, where length indicates magnitude. • • Examples: Force, velocity, displacement. • • Scalars (e.g., mass, temperature) only have magnitude. Types of Vectors • 1. Zero Vector: Magnitude is zero. • 2. Unit Vector: Magnitude is 1, indicates direction. • 3. Position Vector: Represents a point relative to origin. • 4. Equal Vectors: Same magnitude and direction. • 5. Collinear Vectors: Lie on the same or parallel lines. Operations on Vectors • 1. Addition: Triangle and Parallelogram law. • 2. Subtraction: Reverse one vector and add. • 3. Scalar Multiplication: Changes magnitude. • 4. Dot Product: Produces a scalar (A · B = |A|| B|cosθ). • 5. Cross Product: Produces a vector (A × B = | A||B|sinθ n̂ ). Applications of Vectors • • Physics: Forces, motion, and fields. • • Engineering: Structural analysis, mechanics. • • Computer Graphics: 3D modeling and animations. • • Navigation: GPS, aviation, and marine navigation.