MIDTERM:

Lesson 1
Objectives
- be acquainted with a primary document in
the various historical periods of the
Philippines
- learn history from primary sources
- properly interpret primary sources through
examining the content and context of the
documents
- understand the context behind selected
Lesson 3
The KKK and the
“Kartilya ng
Katipunan”
a. What is “katipunan”?
b. What does “katipunan”
teach?
c. Why is “katipunan” created?
Background
The Kataastaasan,
Kagalanggalangang Katipunan ng mga
Anak ng Bayan (KKK) or Katipunan is
arguably the most important organization
formed in
the Philippine history.
 Two Principal Aims of KKK as
gathered
from the Writings
Katipunan of Bonifacio
was the only organization
that envisioned
 a united Filipino nation that would
revolt against the Spaniards; and
 the total independence of the
Philippines from Spain
 The
What is
Tagalog word "katipunan"
Katipunan?
(literally, "association", "gathering",
"assemblage", or "group") comes from the root
word "tipon", a Tagalog word meaning
"gathering" or "to gather".
 After the Spanish arrested Rizal in July 1892,
Bonifacio decided that the Philippines would
only achieve independence through revolution.
On July 7, he founded the Katipunan, a secret
society open to both peasants and the middle
class that employed Masonic rituals to impart
What is the goal of the Katipunan?
The foremost goal of the Katipunan was political,
the separation of the Philippines from Spain. Its
members also recognized and performed a civic duty
which was mutual assistance and the defense of the
poor and the oppressed.
Who are the members of the
Katipunan?
The original members of the Katipunan were:
Andres Bonifacio, Valentin Diaz, Teodoro Plata,
Ladislao Diwa and Deodato Arellano. The
Katipunan recruited members using the triangle
 Prior Revolutions to
The Revolt of Diego Silang
Katipunan
- known as an Ilocano who
took up his arms and led one of
the longest running revolts in the
country
- mainly concerned about his
locality and referred to himself as
El Rey de Ilocos (The King of
 Prior Revolutions to
PropagandaKatipunan
Movements
by ilustrados like Marcelo H. Del Pilar,
Graciano Lopez Jaena, and Jose Rizal
- only demanded equal rights,
representation, and protection from the
abuses of the friars
 Prior Revolutions to
PropagandaKatipunan
Movements
The Propaganda Movement encompassed
the activities of a group of Filipinos who called
for political reforms in their land in the late 19th
century, and produced books, leaflets and
newspaper articles to educate others about
their goals and issues they were trying to solve
Andres Bonifacio
- formed the Katipunan, a
secret society which was
founded at Tondo, Manila, in a
house on Azcarraga Street
then numbered 314, on July 7,
1892, the same date on which
Rizal was decreed to be
banished to Dapitan
 Emilio
- Jacinto was only 18 years
oldJacinto
when
movement
he joined the

- was a law student at the

Universidad de Santo Tomas
- his value and intellect was
recognized by Bonifacio upon
seeing Jacinto’s Kartilya that it
was much better than the
Emilio Jacinto
- became the secretary of the
organization
- took the charge of the short-
lived printing press of the
Katipunan
- On April 15, 1897, Bonifacio
appointed Jacinto as a commander
of the Katipunan in Northern Luzon
when he was 22 years old
- died of Malaria at a young
Emilio Jacinto
He was known as the “Brain
of the Katipunan” when it
comes to military matters. His
book entitled Kartilya was the
one used by the Katipuneros as
their guide in fighting the
Spanish colonizers. It contained
the constitution and by-laws
ofthe Katipunan. Reading books
was one of Emilio's greatest
 Kartilya ng Katipunan /
Primer of the Katipunan
- a complex structure and a defined
value system that would guide the
organization as a collective aspiring for a
single goal
- Manga Aral Nang Katipunan ng mga
Anak ng Bayan or Lessons of the
Organization of the Sons of Country (original
title)
 Kartilya ng Katipunan /
Primer of the Katipunan
- can be treated as the Katipunan’s code of
conduct
- contains fourteen rules that instruct the
way a Katipunero should behave, and which
specific values should he uphold
- can be classified into two; (a) rules that
will make the member an upright individual
and (b) rules that will guide the way he treats
his fellow men
 Kartilya ng
I. Katipunan
The life that is not consecrated to a lofty
and reasonable purpose is a tree without a
shade, if not a poisonous weed.
“Ang kabuhayang hindi ginugugol sa isang
dakila at banal na kadahilanan ay kahoy na
walang lilim, kung di man damong
makamandag.”
 Kartilya ng
Katipunan
II. To do good for personal gain and not for its
own sake is not virtue

“Ang gawang magaling na nagbubuhat sa

pagpipita sa sarili, at hindi sa talagang nasang

gumawa ng kagalingan, ay di kabaitan”

 Kartilya ng
It isKatipunan
III. rational to be charitable and love one's
fellow creature, and to adjust one's conduct,
acts and words to what is in itself reasonable.
Ang tunay na kabanalan ay ang
pagkakawanggawa, ang pag-ibig sa kapwa, at
ang isukat ang bawat kilos, gawa’t
pangungusap sa talagang katuwiran.
 Kartilya ng
Katipunan
IV. Whether our skin be black or white, we are
all born equal: superiority in knowledge,
wealth, and beauty are to be understood, but
not superiority by nature.
Maitim man at maputi ang kulay ng balat, lahat
ng tao’y magkakapantay; mangyayaring ang
isa’y higtan sa dunong, sa yaman, sa ganda…;
ngunit di mahihigtan sa pagkatao.
 Kartilya ng
V. The Katipunan
honorable man prefers honor to
personal gain; the scoundrel, gain to honor.

Ang may mataas na kalooban inuuna ang puri

sa pagpipita sa sarili; ang may hamak na
kalooban inuuna ang pagpipita sa sarili sa puri.
 Kartilya ng
VI. ToKatipunan
the honorable man, his word is
sacred.

Sa taong may hiya, salita’y panunumpa.

 Kartilya ng
VII. Katipunan
Do not waste thy time: wealth
can be recovered but not time lost.
Huwag mong sasayangin ang panahun; ang
yamang nawala’y magyayaring magbalik;
nguni’t panahong nagdaan na’y di na muli pang
magdadaan. Value of time
 Kartilya ng
VIII. Katipunan
Defend the oppressed and
fight the oppressor before the law
or in the field.

Ipagtanggol mo ang inaapi, at kabakahin ang

umaapi.
 Kartilya ng
Katipunan
IX. The prudent man is sparing in
words and faithful in keeping
secrets.

Ang taong matalino’y ang may pagiingat sa

bawat sasabihin, at matutong ipaglihim ang
dapat ipaglihim.
 Kartilya ng
X. On the thorny path of life, man
Katipunan
is the guide of woman and the
children, and if the guide leads to
the precipice, those whom he
guides will also go there.

Sa daang matinik ng kabuhayan, lalaki ay

siyang patnugot ng asawa’t mga anak; kung
Kartilya ng Katipunan
XI. Thou must not look upon woman as a
mere plaything, but as a faithful
companion who will share with thee the
penalties of life; her (physical) weakness
will increase thy interest in her and she
will remind thee of the mother who bore
thee and reared thee.
Ang babae ay huwag mong tignang isang bagay na
libangan lamang, kundi isang katuwang at karamay sa
mga kahirapan nitong kabuhayan; gamitan mo ng
buong pagpipitagan ang kaniyang kahinaan, at
Kartilya ng Katipunan
XII. What thou does not desire
done unto thy wife, children,
brothers and sisters, that do not
unto the wife, children, brothers
and sisters of thy neighbor.

Ang di mo ibig na gawin sa asawa mo,

anak at kapatid, ay huwag mong gagawin
Kartilya ng Katipunan
XIII. Man is not worth more because he is a king, because
his nose is aquiline, and his color white, not because he is
a *priest, a servant of god, nor because of the high
prerogative that he enjoys upon earth, but he is worth
most who is a man of proven and real value, who does
good, keeps his words, is worthy and honest; he who does
not oppress nor consent to being oppressed, he who loves
and cherishes his fatherland, though he be born in the
wilderness and know no tongue but his own.
Ang kamahalan ng tao’y wala sa pagkahari, wala sa tangus ng ilong
at puti ng mukha, wala sa pagkaparing kahalili ng Dios wala sa
mataas na kalagayan sa balat ng lupa; wagas at tunay na mahal na
tao, kahit laking gubat at walang nababatid kundi ang sariling wika,
yaong may magandang asal, may isang pangungusap, may dangal at
 “The Proclamation of the Philippine Independence”

 June 12, 1898 - The Philippine Declaration of independence was

proclaimed in Cavite el Viejo (present day Kawit, Cavite)
Filipino revolutionary forces under General Emilio Aguinaldo proclaimed
the sovereignty and independence of the Philippine Islands from the colonial
rule of Spain.
1896 - the Philippine Revolution began. Eventually, the Spanish signed an
agreement with the revolutionaries
 “The Proclamation of the Philippine Independence”

 –Emilio Aguinaldo went into exile in Hongkong. At the outbreak of

the Spanish-American war.
 Commodore George Dewey - sailed from Hong Kong to Manila Bay
leading a squadron of U.S. Navy ships.
 May 1, 1898 - the United States defeated the Spanish in the Battle of
Manila Bay. – the U.S. Navy transported Aguinaldo back to the
Philippines.
 “The Proclamation of the Philippine Independence”
THE PROCLAMATION ON JUNE 12 Independence was proclaimed on June 12, 1898
between four and five in the afternoon in Cavite at the ancestral home of General Emilio
Aguinaldo.
The event saw the unfurling of the National Flag of the Philippines, made in Hong
Kong by Marcela Agoncillo, Lorenza Agoncillo, and Delfina Herboza. and the
performance of the Marcha Filipina Magdalo, as the national anthem, now known as
Lupang Hinirang, which was composed by Julián Felipe and played by the San
Francisco de Malabon marching band.
The Act of the Declaration of Independence was prepared, written, and read by
Ambrosio Rianzares Bautista in Spanish.
 “The Proclamation of the Philippine Independence”
The Declaration was signed by ninety-eight people, among them an
American army officer who witnessed the proclamation who attended the
proceedings, Mr. L. M. Johnson, a Coronel of Artillery.
The proclamation of Philippine independence was, however, promulgated
on 1 August, when many towns had already been organized under the rules
laid down by the Dictatorial Government of General Aguinaldo
 The declaration was not recognized by the U.S. nor Spain and Spain later
sold the Philippines to the United States in the 1898 Treaty of Paris ended
the Spanish-American War.
THANK
YOU!!!