Gifted and Talented Learners

Outcomes:
• Describe and gifted learners
• Discuss appropriate educational approaches to
address the special needs of the learners
All children are gifted
• The term gifted is carefully used in special
education. Though we believe that every child is
gifted, in special education, we only label a child
who is gifted when the child possesses
outstanding creativity, excellent academic
performance, and/or has undergone a battery of
tests for aptitude or achievement.
Unlocking of difficulties/Definition
• Acceleration refers to an advancement placement of
the child that is beyond his/her age-level.
• Enrichment refers to the additional learning
opportunities and challenges for the child to gain depth
and breadth of the subject matter,
• After-the Fact Definition- These are definitions that
emphasize prominence of an outstanding achievement
in one area. Example, Edgar has consistently won the
best in science investigatory project for four years.
Hence, Edgar is gifted.
Definitions:
• IQ Definition. This definition categorizes a gifted learner based on
a set of points in the IQ scale. For example, in his IQ test, Jhana got
a 145 IQ score, which is beyond a threshold of being classified as
gifted.
• Percentage Definition. This sets a fixed proportion of the school as
gifted that is highly based on their ability scores or grades. For
example, the top 10% of the school are labeled as gifted.
• Talent Definition. This labels gifted individuals as someone who
has an excellent performance in the arts, music, math science and
other areas.
• Creativity definition. This focuses on the superior creative abilities
of an individual.
Robert Renzulli’s Three Ring
Model
• For Renzulli, gifted children “reflect an interaction
among three basic clusters of human traits– these
clusters being above average. Gifted and talented
children are those possessing or capable of developing
this composite set of traits and applying them to any
potential valuable area of human performance. Thus,
he identified as someone who is talented and gifted, an
individual must possess an above average ability, having
task commitment, and high level of creativity. If there is
an absence of one among these clusters then the
individual cannot be labeled as gifted or talented.
Robert Renzulli’s 3 Ring Model
Francoys Gagne’s Differentiated Model of
Giftedness and Talent (DMGT)
What is the Gagne differentiated model of giftedness and talent?
• Gagné's model illustrates the importance of the role educators play. If a
high potential or gifted student is underachieving, the model supports
teachers to identify the cause of the underachievement. Similarly, the
model provides teachers with pathways to support talent development.
What is the DMGT model?
• The DMGT includes a 5-level metric-based (MB) system to operationalize
the prevalence of gifted or talented individuals, with a basic 'top 10 per
cent' threshold for mild giftedness or talent, through successive 10 per
cent cuts for moderate, high, exceptional and extreme levels.
 Howard Gardner’s Theory of Multiple Intelligences

What is Howard Gardner's theory of multiple intelligences?

• This theory suggests human intelligence can be differentiated into the
following modalities: visual-spatial, verbal-linguistic, musical-
rhythmic, logical-mathematical, interpersonal, intrapersonal,
naturalistic and bodily-kinesthetic.
What does Howard Gardner's theory of multiple intelligences claim?
• Howard Gardner of Harvard University originally identified seven
distinct intelligences. According to Gardner, this theory, which
emerged from cognitive research, “documents the extent to which
students possess different kinds of minds and therefore learn,
remember, perform, and understand in different ways.”
Robert Sternberg’s Triarchic Theory
What are the three types of intelligence in
Sternberg's triarchic theory of intelligence?
• What Is Intelligence? – General Psychology
• practical, creative, and analytical
intelligence
• Robert Sternberg developed another
theory of intelligence, which he titled
the triarchic theory of intelligence
because it sees intelligence as
comprised of three parts (Sternberg,
1988): practical, creative, and
analytical intelligence
What is the purpose of Sternberg's What is the difference between general
intelligence and specific intelligence?
theory?
• Sternberg's theory is important • Specific intelligence describes
because it argues that intelligence as the proficiency
intelligence is more complex or aptitude in subsets of skills
and diverse than many or abilities.
psychologists once thought. He • General intelligence describes
argues that intelligence is intelligence as one's general
culturally constructed, cognitive ability, or the
meaning that what one culture
considers intelligent behavior
general ability to process and
may not be regarded as think about information.
intelligent in another culture.
NAGC maintains that students with gifts and talents:
>come from all racial, ethnic, and culture
population, as well as all economic strata.
>require sufficient access to appropriate learning
opportunities to realize their potential.
>can have learning and processing disorders that
require specialized intervention and accommodation.
>need and support and guidance to develop
socially and emotionally as well as in their areas and
talent.
>require varied services based on their changing
needs
 Are gifted kids born gifted?
What is the government program
for gifted students in the
• No child is just born gifted: Creating
Philippines? and developing ...
• Currently, gifted and talented • No child is born gifted—only with
learners in the Sciences are the potential for giftedness.
catered to by the Philippine High Although all children have amazing
School System under the potential, only those who are
Department of Science and fortunate enough to have
Technology (DOST), the Regional opportunities to develop their
and Provincial Science High talents in an environment that
Schools, as well as the Special responds to their particular needs
Science Programs in public will be able to actualize their
elementary and secondary abilities to high levels. Apr 21, 2016
schools, both under the DepEd.
 What happened to Shaira Luna?
Gifted & Talented • Shaira decided to quit school,
and tried to see the world she's
Who is the famous gifted child in missed to look at, because of
the Philippines? the pressures of her being a
• Shaira Ana Teresiana Luna genius, and of the people
(born September 20, 1986) is a seeing her that way. Now,
Filipina photographer. She, Shaira is a freelance digital
among others, was known as a photographer, and is happy on
"gifted child" and a "Promil what she is doing. She has lost
kid", having been featured in and found herself. She is
Wyeth's infant formula ad in independent and free.
1995.
Who is the famous gifted child in
the Philippines?
• Christiana Jade de Silva-Ong
(August 1, 1987 – June 18,
2024) was a Filipino art
director, painter, illustrator,
and graphic designer. She
was known as a "Gifted
Child" and a "Promil Kid",
being featured in an infant
formula ad in 1998.
Characteristics Creative Traits
Cognitive Traits • Creative and inventiveness
• Keen sense of humor
• Keen power of Abstraction
• Ability for fantasy
• Interest in problem-solving and
applying concepts • Openness to stimuli, wide interest
• Voracious and early reader • Intuitiveness, flexible
• Large vocabulary • Independent in attitude and social
• Intellectual curiosity behavior
• Power and critical thinking
• Self-acceptance and unconcern for
social norms
• Persistent, goal-directed behavior
• Radicalism
• Independent in work and study
• Aesthetic and moral commitment to
• Diversity of interests and abilities self-selected work
 Characteristics Behavioral Traits
• Spontaneity
Affective Traits
• Boundless and enthusiasm
• Unusual emotional depth and intensity
• Intensely focused on passion—resists changing
• Sensitivity or empathy to the feelings activities when engrossed in own interests
of others • High energetic—needs little sleep or down time
• High expectation of self and others, • Constantly questions
often leading to feeling of frustration • Insatiable curiosity
• Heightened self-awareness and • Impulsive, eager and spirited
accompanied by feelings of being
different • Perseverance—strong determination in areas of
importance
• Easily wounded, need for emotional
• High levels of frustrations—particularly when
support having difficulty meeting standards of
• Need for consistency between abstract performance
values and personal actions • Volatile temper, especially related perceptions of
• Advanced levels of moral judgment failure
• Idealism and a sense of justice • Non-stop talking/chattering
 Identification and Assessment
• Aptitude Test- IQ test • Parents, family care caregiver
• Achievement test- assess what was nomination- nominates child of
learned their giftedness
• Proficiency or state tests- • Self-nomination- nominate self as
NAT/DWPT gifted
• Portfolios of student work- • Peer nomination- peer nominates as
compilation of students’ work and gifted
skills • Extra-curricular or leisure activities-
• Performance or product-output interest of the child and performs
with interest
• Teacher nomination-rating scales
and checklists
 Educational Approaches/Types
Acceleration
1. Early admission to 8. Concurrent/Dual
kindergarten Enrollment
2. Early admission to 1st grade 9. Advance placement
3. Grade-skipping 10. Credit by examination
4. Subject –Matter/ partial 11. Acceleration in college
acceleration
12. Early entrance into middle
5. Curriculum compacting school, HS or college
6. Telescoping curriculum-lesser 13. Talent search program
yrs
7. Early graduation
Enrichment:
Differentiation:
1. Independent study and 1. Instruction is proactive
independent projects 2. Instruction is more qualitative
2. Learning Centers than quantitative
3. Field Trips 3. It provides multiple approaches
to content, process, product and
4. Saturday/Sunday and after- effect/learning environment
school programs
4. Is rooted in assessment
5. Summer programs
5. Is student –centered
6. Mentorships
6. Is a blend of whole-class, group
7. Academic Competitions and individual instruction
8. Using technology 7. Instruction is organic.
Placement Option:
• Grouping Options 2. Full time heterogenous groupings
>Cluster groups
1. Full-time homogenous
3. Part-time or temporary groups
groupings
a. pullout programs
1. Magnet schools
b. resource programs
2. Special schools for
gifted c. part-time special class
3. Private schools d. enrichment clusters
4. schools within a school e. temporary groupings for
plans the content areas
5. Special classes f. special interest groups and clubs