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unit 3 c Intro to Robotics

The document provides an overview of robots, defining them as machines capable of performing complex actions with minimal human intervention. It details the basic components of robots, their anatomy, configurations, and various industrial applications such as pick and place, palletizing, machine loading, welding, spray painting, and inspection. The information highlights the multidisciplinary nature of robotics, combining engineering and computer science to create intelligent machines that enhance productivity and safety in various industries.

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Prasanna Kumar T.J.
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6 views

unit 3 c Intro to Robotics

The document provides an overview of robots, defining them as machines capable of performing complex actions with minimal human intervention. It details the basic components of robots, their anatomy, configurations, and various industrial applications such as pick and place, palletizing, machine loading, welding, spray painting, and inspection. The information highlights the multidisciplinary nature of robotics, combining engineering and computer science to create intelligent machines that enhance productivity and safety in various industries.

Uploaded by

Prasanna Kumar T.J.
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Introducti

on
Robot : A robot is a machine that can perform complex actions automatically,
often with little to no human intervention. Robots can be guided by an external
control device or have the control embedded within.

Robotics is a multidisciplinary field that involves the design, construction,


operation, and use of robots. It's a branch of engineering and computer science
that aims to create intelligent machines that can assist humans
Components of
Robots
Basic Components
Manipulator
• This is the main moving part of the robot which is manipulated to deliver the end effector to the correct
location.
• Sensors
Relay information about axis position, end effector orientation and surrounding environment.
• Controller
A processing unit is connected to every industrial robot to regulate robot components, provide system
networking, dynamic user control and program/teach
• Drive/power conversion unit
The source of power to the arm motors/pumps
• End Effector
The device on the end of the robot which is suitably equipped with tools required to perform a specific task
once the arm has delivered it to the correct position. i.e., grippers, spray gun, vacuum or even a vision
camera.
Robot Anatomy (Joints
and Links)
 Robot Anatomy is concerned with
physical construction of body, arm,
wrist
 Robot body is attached to the base
 The arm assembly is attached to the
body
 At the end of the arm there is a wrist
 End effector is attached to wrist
 body, arm, wrist assembly is some
times known as “manipulator”
Robot Configurations
1. Cartesian Coordinate System(P-P-P)
The Cartesian coordinate is also called rectangular coordinate system. In this system,
the 3 sliding corresponding to moving the wrist up and down in and out and back ,
forth takes place. This configuration is represented by (Prismatic- Prismatic- Prismatic).
2. Cylindrical Coordinate System(R-P-P)
The cylindrical robot has a rotary joint for rotation and a prismatic joint for angular
motion around the joint axis. The rotary joint moves in a rotational movement around
the common axis. In contrast, the prismatic joint will move in a linear motion.
3. Spherical or Polar Coordinate system(R-R-P)
Polar robots are robot configurations with a combined linear joint and two rotary
joints, with an arm connected to a robotic base and a twisting joint. Also known as
spherical robots, the axes create a spherical work envelope and a polar coordinate
system
4. Articulated Arm (R-R-R)
configurations with three rotary joints. The best example for this type of
configuration has been observed in some of the type of robots specially known as
SCARA.
Uses Of Robots in Industries
Pick and Place Robots
 Pick and Place, stacking and sorting parts on production
line are repetitive and monotonous task. We can automate
the tasks using pick and place robots.

 Pick and place robots utilize sensors, advanced vision


technology and robotic arm to pick an object from one
location and drop it at another location.

 They have application in manufacturing unit to automate


production process and improve quality and productivity.
Palletizing

 Palletizing is a common industrial process where products or items are stacked onto pallets in a specific arrangement
for storage, transportation, or further processing.

 Robot palletizing refers to the use of robotic systems to automate this task.
Machine loading and unloading
 Machine loading and unloading operations
utilize a robot to load and unload parts at a
production machine.

 This requires the robot to be equipped with


a gripper that can grasp parts.

 Usually the gripper must be designed


specifically for the particular part geometry.
Robots for welding Operation

Robot welding is the use of mechanized


programmable tools (robots), which completely
automate a welding process by both performing the
weld and handling the part.
Spray painting using robots
Robotic spray painting arm is a painting
process in which spray painting is done by
robots arm to reduce the human load.
Robotic spray painting arm has been used
for many year in automotive spray
painting applications.
Robotic Inspection

Robotic visual inspection refers to a camera and


lighting gear mounted on the end-effector of a robot
and the robot moves to inspect multiple points on the
same object/test piece for features. The robot can be
programmed to automatically detect a sequence of
locations on the object.

There are numerous reasons that companies may


choose to use robots to conduct inspections
• Robots Can Go Places People Can’t
• Using Robots Improves Worker Safety
• Robots Increase Efficiency
• Robots Improve Organization

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