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Causes of Developmental Disabilities

The document outlines the causes of developmental disabilities, categorizing them into biological and environmental factors. It discusses the significance of newborn screening for early detection of metabolic disorders and the classification of disability severity. Additionally, it highlights the impact of prenatal, birth, and postnatal factors on a child's development and the importance of providing adequate support to affected families.

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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
18 views22 pages

Causes of Developmental Disabilities

The document outlines the causes of developmental disabilities, categorizing them into biological and environmental factors. It discusses the significance of newborn screening for early detection of metabolic disorders and the classification of disability severity. Additionally, it highlights the impact of prenatal, birth, and postnatal factors on a child's development and the importance of providing adequate support to affected families.

Uploaded by

Nana Layla
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Causes of

Developmental
Disabilities
2

Objectives:

In this lesson, the learners will be able to:


1. Identify the causes of developmental disabilities;
2. Compare the causes of developmental disabilities; and
3. Explain the effect of these causes of developmental
disabilities on a person.
Republic Act 9288 of
2004
An Act Promulgating a
Comprehensive Policy and a
National System for
Ensuring Newborn Screening
Newborn Screening

- is a simple
procedure to find out if
the baby has a
congenital, genetic, or
metabolic disorder that
may lead to mental
retardation and even
death if left untreated.
Most newborns with
metabolic disorders look
normal at birth. One will
never know that the baby has
the disorder until the onset of
signs and symptoms, and
more often, ill effects are
already irreversible.
1. Congenital Hypothyroidism
2. Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia Five Metabolic
3. Galactosemia Disorders
4. Phenylketonuria detected through
5. Glucose Six Phosphate
Dehydrogenase deficiency.
NB Screening:
7

Severity of Disability
The severity of disability is typically
classified based on the level of
functional limitations that a person
experiences due to their condition. It
reflects how much a disability impacts
a person's ability to perform daily
activities and live independently.
8

Classification of Severity of
Disability
1. Mild (the child is fully able to perform different tasks with
minimal support)
2. Moderate (The individual requires some support for daily
activities and may face challenges in more complex tasks)
3. Severe (Significant limitations in most areas of life. The
individual often requires substantial support to carry out basic
activities.)
4. Profound (The individual is heavily dependent on others for
most, if not all, aspects of daily life. There is very limited
capacity to perform activities independently.)
CAUSES OF
DEVELOPMENT
AL
DISABILITIES
 Biological Factors
 Environmental
Factors
Biological
Factors
11

In all stages of
Biological Factors pregnancy, the baby is
vulnerable to inquiries and
development risks.
(Gregorio, 2007)
12

Biological Factors

1.Prenatal development
disabilities
2.Birth process
3.During postnatal development
13

1. Prenatal Development
Disabilities
1.Chromosomal
abnormalities
2.Rh-incompatibility
- This occurs when a child
is conceived between an
Rh-positive father and an
Rh-negative mother.
14

2. Birth Process
A. Physical Trauma or Mechanical Injury
-this may happen during birth, may injure or
damage brain and impair intellectual functioning.

Precipitous Labor - where labor is short (less than


two hours), skull is molding that should be slow
and smooth may affect and injure the brain.
15

Birth Process (Breech


Presentation)
In breech birth, where the
buttocks instead of the head presents
itself first poses substantial danger,
because the head reaches the pelvic
girdle during the later stages of labor
when there is more pressure exerting
on it.
16

Birth Process
(Transverse
Position)
17
18

Biological
Factors
B. Anoxia or Asphyxia occurs
in breech delivery and
deprives the infant of
adequate supply of oxygen for
a period long enough to
damage the brain.
19

3. Postnatal Development


The child is vulnerable
and susceptible to injuries
that can persist for the
duration of the person’s
Biological life. Injuries, childhood
infections, and severe and
Factors prolonged malnutrition
during childhood can
adversely affect both the
physical growth and the
mental development of the
child.
20

ENVIRONMENTAL
FACTORS
1. Nutritional
Deficiencies
2. Infection
3. Environmental
Toxins
21

The complex interaction between a


health condition or impairment and
environmental and personal factors
means that we can never know in
advance how well the child will
develop. Hence, each child and
family deserve the best possible
support.
Thank You
Brita Tamm
502-555-0152
brita@firstupconsultants.com
www.firstupconsultants.com

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