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1. One-Dimensional Arrays in Java

A one-dimensional array in Java is a collection of elements of the same data type, stored in contiguous memory locations, and accessed using an index. Arrays have fixed sizes, which can limit their flexibility, and allow for fast access and efficient storage. Key characteristics include simple structure and fast access, while disadvantages involve fixed size and inefficiencies in insertion and deletion.

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4 views

1. One-Dimensional Arrays in Java

A one-dimensional array in Java is a collection of elements of the same data type, stored in contiguous memory locations, and accessed using an index. Arrays have fixed sizes, which can limit their flexibility, and allow for fast access and efficient storage. Key characteristics include simple structure and fast access, while disadvantages involve fixed size and inefficiencies in insertion and deletion.

Uploaded by

krishnapate2024
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Introduction to One-

Dimensional Arrays in Java


A one-dimensional array, often simply called an array, is a fundamental data structure in computer science.

• What it is:
• A collection of elements: An array stores a group of items
(elements) of the same data type (e.g., integers, characters,
strings).
• Ordered: The elements are arranged in a specific sequence,
with each element having a unique position.
• Contiguous memory: The elements are stored in adjacent
memory locations. This allows for efficient access.
• Fixed : In many programming languages, the size of an array
is determined when it's created and cannot be changed later
without creating a new array. Some languages like python
using lists can dynamically change sizes.
How it works:

• Indexing: Each element in an array is accessed using an index, which is a


numerical value representing its position. Typically, indexing starts from
0. So, the first element has an index of 0, the second element has an index
of 1, and so on.
• Accessing elements: To retrieve or modify an element, you use the array's
name and the element's index within square brackets. For example,
array[0] refers to the first element of the array named "array".
• Memory allocation: When an array is created, the computer allocates a
contiguous block of memory large enough to hold all the elements.
• Example:
• Imagine an array called "numbers" that stores the following integers: 10,
20, 30.
• * numbers[0] would be 10.
• * numbers[1] would be 20.
• * numbers[2] would be 30.
Declaration and Initialization
• // Declaration and initialization in separate lines:
int[] myArray; // Declaration: myArray is a reference to an int array
myArray = new int[5]; // Initialization: creates an int array of
size 5
// Initialization with default values (0 for int):
// myArray[0] = 0, myArray[1] = 0, myArray[2] = 0, myArray[3] = 0,
myArray[4] = 0
// Declaration and initialization in a single line:
int[] anotherArray = new int[10]; // Creates an int array of size 10
// Declaration and initialization with specific values (array literal):
int[] numbers = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}; // Creates an int array with the given
values
• Array of strings: String[] names = {"Alice", "Bob", "Charlie"};
• Array of doubles: double[] prices = {19.99, 24.50, 10.00};
• Array of booleans: boolean[] flags = {true, false, true};
• Array of characters: char[] letters = {'a', 'b', 'c'};
• Accessing array elements: int firstElement = numbers[0]; //
firstElement will be 1 numbers[2] = 10; // Modifies the third element
of the 'numbers' array
• Array length: int length = numbers.length; // length will be 5 in
this case
• Iterating through an array:
for (int i = 0; i < numbers.length; i++)
{
System.out.println(numbers[i]);
}
Characteristics and
• Advantages:
Key characteristics and advantages:
• * Fast access: Because elements are stored contiguously, accessing any
element by its index is very fast (constant time, or O(1)).
• * Simple structure: Arrays are relatively simple to understand and
implement.
• * Efficient storage: Contiguous memory allocation minimizes memory
overhead.
Disadvantages:
• * Fixed size (in some languages): In languages like C and Java, the fixed
size can be a limitation if you need to store a variable number of
elements.
• * Insertion and deletion: Inserting or deleting elements in the middle of
an array can be inefficient, as you may need to shift other elements to
make room or fill the gap.
• * Same data type: all elements within a standard array must be of the
same datatype.

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