McGraw-Hill Technology Copyright © 2006 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

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McGraw-Hill Technology Education Copyright © 2006 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All
 Chapter 3A

Using the Keyboard And

McGraw-Hill Technology Copyright © 2006 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All

3A-3
 The Keyboard
• How keyboard works
– Keyboard controller detects a key press
– Controller sends a code to the CPU
• Code represents the key pressed
– Controller notifies the operating system
– Operating system responds

3A-4
 The Mouse
• All modern computers have a variant
• Allows users to select objects
– Pointer moved by the mouse
• Mechanical mouse
– Rubber ball determines direction and speed
– The ball often requires cleaning

3A-5
 The Mouse
• Optical mouse
– Light shown onto mouse pad
– Reflection determines speed and direction
– Requires little maintenance

3A-6
 The Mouse
• Interacting with a mouse
– Actions involve pointing to an object
– Clicking selects the object
– Clicking and holding drags the object
– Releasing an object is a drop
– Right clicking activates the shortcut menu
– Modern mice include a scroll wheel

3A-7
 The Mouse
• Benefits
– Pointer positioning is fast
– Menu interaction is easy
– Users can draw electronically

3A-8
 The Mouse
• Mouse button configuration
– Configured for a right-handed user
• Can be reconfigured

3A-9
 Variants of the Mouse
• Trackballs
– Upside down mouse
– Hand rests on the ball
– User moves the ball
– Uses little desk space

3A-10
 Variants of the Mouse
• Track pads
– Stationary pointing
device
– Small plastic
rectangle
– Finger moves across
the pad
– Popular on laptops

3A-11
 Variants of the Mouse
• Track point
– Little joystick on the keyboard
– Move pointer by moving the joystick

3A-12
 Ergonomics and Input Devices
• Ergonomics
– Study of human and tool interaction
– Concerned with physical interaction
– Attempts to improve safety and comfort

3A-13
 Ergonomics and Input Devices
• Repetitive Strain Injury (RSI)
– Caused by continuous misuse of the body
– Many professions suffer from RSI
• Carpal Tunnel Syndrome
– Carpal tunnel is a passage in the wrist
– Holds nerves and tendons
– Prolonged keyboarding swells tendons

3A-14
 Ergonomics and Input Devices
• Office hardware suggestions
– Office chairs should have
• Adjustable armrests and height
• Armrests
• Lower back support
– Desks should have
• Have a keyboard tray
• Keep hands at keyboard height
• Place the monitor at eye level

3A-15
 Ergonomics and Input Devices
• Techniques to avoid RSI
– Sit up straight
– Have a padded wrist support
– Keep your arms straight
– Keyboard properly
– Take frequent breaks

3A-16
 Chapter 3B

Inputting Data In Other

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3B-18
 Devices for the hand
• Touch screens
– Sensors determine
where finger points
– Sensors create an
X,Y coordinate
– Usually presents a
menu to users
– Found in cramped or
dirty environments

3B-19
 Devices for the hand
• Game controllers
– Enhances gaming experience
– Provide custom input to the game
– Game controllers fall into two broad
categories:
– Joystick
– Game pad

3B-20
 Optical Input Devices
• Allows the computer to see input
• Bar code readers
– Converts bar codes to numbers
• UPC code
– Computer find number in a database
– Works by reflecting light
• Amount of reflected light indicates number

3B-21
 Optical Input Devices
• Image scanners
– Converts printed media into electronic
– Reflects light off of the image
– Sensors read the intensity
– Filters determine color depths

3B-22
 Optical input devices
• Optical character recognition (OCR)
– Converts scanned text into editable text
– Each letter is scanned
– Letters are compared to known letters
– Best match is entered into document
– Rarely 100% accurate

3B-23
 Audiovisual Input Devices
• Microphones
– Used to record speech
– Speech recognition
• “Understands” human speech
• Allows dictation or control of computer
• Matches spoken sound to known phonemes
• Enters best match into document

3B-24
 Audiovisual Input Devices
• Digital cameras
– Captures images electronically
– No film is needed
– Image is stored as a JPG file
– Memory cards store the images
– Used in a variety of professions

3B-25
 Chapter 3

End of Chapter

McGraw-Hill Technology Copyright © 2006 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All