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Chapter-3

The document explains the concept of moments and couples in physics, defining moments as the tendency of a force to produce rotation about a fixed point. It describes the characteristics of couples, which are formed by two equal, opposite forces, and states that the moment of a couple remains constant regardless of the point of reference. Varignon’s Theorem is also introduced, stating that the algebraic sum of the moments of individual forces about a point equals the moment of their resultant about the same point.

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3 views

Chapter-3

The document explains the concept of moments and couples in physics, defining moments as the tendency of a force to produce rotation about a fixed point. It describes the characteristics of couples, which are formed by two equal, opposite forces, and states that the moment of a couple remains constant regardless of the point of reference. Varignon’s Theorem is also introduced, stating that the algebraic sum of the moments of individual forces about a point equals the moment of their resultant about the same point.

Uploaded by

rahulrc2077
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Moment

It is a special force which has a tendency to


rotate or the turning effect on the body on which
it acts.
Moments are usually defined with respect
to a fixed reference point.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XZzMmJEPnEA
Moment of a force
The tendency to produce rotation of a body
about a fixed point is called as moment of a
force.
It is also defined as the product of
magnitude of force and perpendicular distance
from the line of action of the force to the line or
axis or point.
Couple
Two equal, unlike parallel forces form a
couple. The simplest kind of couple consists of
two equal and opposite forces whose lines of
action do not coincide.
Moment of a Couple
It is defined as the product of perpendicular
distance between the forces and the magnitude of
the force.
The moment of a couple with respect to any
moment centre remains constant.
Characteristics Of Couple

1. The sum of components of forces i.e.,


resultant force is zero.
2. Moment of a couple is always constant.
Moment Couple

1) Moment of a force may have 1) Moment of a couple has same


different magnitude and different effect anywhere on the body
direction about different points in irrespective of the point on it.
the same plane i.e.,
moment is constant.

2) Moment of force cannot have 2) Couple has resultant force


zero zero
resultant

3) Moment of a force can be zero 3) Moment of a couple can never


be
zero while if a point is on the line
of action of the force.
Varignon’s Theorem

The theorem states that – “The algebraic


sum of the moments of individual forces of
a force system about a point is equal to
the moment of their resultant about the
same point”.
Moment of resultant about point A is;

From geometry we have,



Similarly;

¿
Now, 

(i)
Consider moments of force P and Q about A,

(ii)

Thus, Varignon’s theorem is proved by equations (i) and (ii)

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