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DIGITALIS

Digitalis, derived from the dried leaves of Digitalis purpurea, is used primarily in treating congestive heart failure and contains a mixture of cardiac glycosides. The leaves exhibit a dark greyish to green color, a bitter taste, and must be stored properly to maintain their efficacy. Key tests for its constituents include the Keller Killiani test for digitoxose and the Baljet test for color changes.

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3 views

DIGITALIS

Digitalis, derived from the dried leaves of Digitalis purpurea, is used primarily in treating congestive heart failure and contains a mixture of cardiac glycosides. The leaves exhibit a dark greyish to green color, a bitter taste, and must be stored properly to maintain their efficacy. Key tests for its constituents include the Keller Killiani test for digitoxose and the Baljet test for color changes.

Uploaded by

krittikasarkar1810
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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DIGITALIS

Synonyms: Digitalis leaves, Foxglove leaves.


Biological source: It consists of the dried leaves of
Digitalis purpurea, dried at a temperature below
600 C, immediately after collecting the leaves.
The leaves should contain not more than 5% of
moisture.
Family: Scrophulariaceae
DIGITALIS PURPUREA
MACROSCOPIC CHARACTERS:

Colour: Dark Greyish to green

Odour: slight

Taste: Bitter

Size: 10-40 cm long ; 4-20cm wide.

Shape: Ovate lanceolate to broadly ovate, with irregularly


crenate or serrate or occasionally dentate margin.

Extra features: The leaves are slightly pubescent on both the


surfaces with pinnate venation and prominent veinlets on the
Chemical constituents:
Digitalis contains 0.2 to 0.45 % mixture of both
primary and secondary cardiac
glycosides( cardenolides)

Purpurea Glycosides A and B & glucogitaloxin


are primary glycosides
Digitoxin, gitoxin and gitaloxin are secondary
glycosides.
The primary glycosides are less absorbed and less
stable than secondary glycosides.
The products of hydrolysis of Purpurea Glycoside A and Purpurea Glycoside B are as follows:

Purpurea Glycoside A : Enzymatic hydrolysis:


digitoxin and glucose
Acid hydrolysis:
digitoxigenin & 3 digitoxose.
Purpurea Glycoside B: Enzymatic hydrolysis
gitoxin and glucose.
Acid hydrolysis
gitoxigenin and 3 digitoxose.

saponin glycosides : digitonin and gitonin.


Keller Killiani test for Digitoxose:

1gm of finely powdered digitalis is boiled with 10 ml 70% alcohol


for 2-3 min.
The extract is filtered.
To the filtrate, 5ml water & 0.5ml of strong solution of lead acetate
is added.
Shake well and separate the filtrate.
The clear filtrate is treated with equal volume of Chloroform and
evaporated to yield the extractive.
The extractive is dissolved in glacial acetic acid.
After cooling 2 drops solution of ferric chloride is added to it.
These contents are transferred to a test tube containing 2 ml conc.
Sulphuric acid.
A reddish-brown layer acquiring bluish green colour after
standing is observed due to the presence of digitoxose.
LEGAL TEST: The extract is dissolved in pyridine, sodium
nitroprusside solution is added to it and made alkaline, pink or red
colour is observed.
Baljet Test: To a section of Digitalis sodium picrate solution is added, it
shows yellow to orange colour.
USES:
In the treatment of congestive heart failure.
STORAGE:

Digitalis should be stored in a well closed, well fitted


container in cool place away from light.
While storing care must be taken to ensure that leaves donot
contain more than 5% of moisture because it causes the
destruction of the glycoside and ultimately loss of cardiac
activity on storage.
Therefore, digitalis powder is stored in containers with
dehydrating agents like calcium chloride or silica gel to absorb
excess of water present in the drug or in atmosphere.

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