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CENG325 10 Networking

The document provides an overview of Java networking, focusing on TCP socket programming, client/server computing, and the essential components such as IP addresses, DNS, transport protocols, and sockets. It explains how a client communicates with a server using sockets, including the creation of server and client sockets in Java, and illustrates data transmission through a client/server example involving the calculation of a circle's area. The document also highlights the importance of the Java API in facilitating network communication.

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4 views19 pages

CENG325 10 Networking

The document provides an overview of Java networking, focusing on TCP socket programming, client/server computing, and the essential components such as IP addresses, DNS, transport protocols, and sockets. It explains how a client communicates with a server using sockets, including the creation of server and client sockets in Java, and illustrates data transmission through a client/server example involving the calculation of a circle's area. The document also highlights the importance of the Java API in facilitating network communication.

Uploaded by

42330003
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Java Networking

TCP Socket programming


Content
1. Introduction
 IP address
 DNS
 Transport protocols
 sockets
2. Client/Server Computing
Introduction
 Computer networking is used to send and receive messages
among computers on the Internet.
 To browse the Web or send an email, your computer must be
connected to the Internet.
 The Internet is the global network of millions of computers. Your
computer can connect to the Internet through an Internet Service
Provider (ISP) using a dialup, DSL, or cable modem.
IP address
 When a computer needs to communicate with another
computer, it needs to know the other computer’s address.
 An Internet Protocol (IP) address uniquely identifies the
computer on the Internet. An IP address consists of four
dotted decimal numbers between 0 and 255, such as
130.254.204.31

 A program can use the host name localhost or the IP


address 127.0.0.1 to refer to the machine on which a client
is running.
DNS
 Since it is not easy to remember so many numbers, they are
often mapped to meaningful names called domain names,
such as www.liu.edu.lb, www.facebook.com , etc

 Special servers called Domain Name Servers (DNS) on the


Internet translate host names into IP addresses

 When a computer contacts


www.liu.edu.lb, it first asks the
DNS to translate this domain
name into a numeric IP address
and then sends the request using
the IP address.
Transport protocols
 The Internet Protocol is a low-level protocol for
delivering data from one computer to another across
the Internet in packets.

 Two higher-level protocols used in conjunction with


the IP are the Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) and
the User Datagram Protocol (UDP).
Our
focu
s  TCP can detect lost transmissions and resubmit them,
transmissions are lossless, in order and reliable.

 UDP, in contrast, cannot guarantee lossless


transmission.
Sockets
 A network socket is a software structure within
a network node that serves as an endpoint for
sending and receiving data across the network
(on server and client)
 It is identified by an IP (to identify the host) and a
port number (to identify the process)
 Port numbers range from 0 to 65536 (2 16 ) but
port numbers 0 to 1024 are reserved for
privileged services.
 E.g. web port 80
email port 25
Client/Server communication
 Network programming usually involves one server
and one or more clients.
 The client sends requests to the server, and the
server responds.
 The client begins by attempting to establish a
connection to the server.
 The server can accept or deny the connection.
 Once a connection is established, the client and the
server communicate through sockets.
 The server must be running when a client attempts
to connect to the server.
 The server waits for a connection request from the
client.
Client/Server Computing
 Java API provides the classes for creating sockets to
facilitate program communications over the Internet.
 Java provides the ServerSocket class for creating a server
socket and the Socket class for creating a client socket.
 Programs can read from or write to sockets as easily as they
can read from or write to files.
Client/Server Computing
 Create a server socket:
ServerSocket serverSocket = new ServerSocket(port);

 The server can now listen for connections:


Socket socket = serverSocket.accept();

 This means the server waits until a client connect to the server
socket.

 Then, client issues the following statement to request a connection


to a server using its name or IP:
Socket socket = new Socket("130.254.204.33", 8000);
Socket socket = new Socket("liang.armstrong.edu", 8000);

 When you create a socket with a host name, the JVM asks the DNS to
translate the host name into the IP address.
Data Transmission through Sockets
 After the server accepts the connection,
communication between the server and the
client is conducted in the same way as for I/O
streams.
 To get an input stream and an output stream,
use the getInputStream() and
getOutputStream() methods on a socket
object.
InputStream input =
socket.getInputStream();
OutputStream output =
socket.getOutputStream();

 The server can use input.readDouble() to


receive a double value from the client and
output.writeDouble(d) to send the double
value d to the client.
A Client/Server Example
 This example presents a client program and a
server program.
 The client sends data to a server.
 The server receives the data, uses it to
produce a result, and then sends the result
back to the client.
 In this example, the data sent from the client
comprise the radius of a circle, and the result
produced by the server is the area of the
circle.
Server program
Client program
A Client/Server Example
 Client sends the radius through a
DataOutputStream on the output stream
socket.
 Server receives the radius through the
DataInputStream on the input stream socket
 The server computes the area and sends it to
the client through a DataOutputStream on the
output stream socket, and the client receives
the area through a DataInputStream on the
input stream socket
A Client/Server Example
With GUI - Server
With GU-Client

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