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Final Examples 2025

The document discusses various chemical reactions occurring in different reactor types, including CSTR and PFR, under specific conditions such as temperature and pressure. It includes calculations for fractional conversion, reactor volume, and concentrations of reactants and products for reactions involving toluene, ammonia, and propene. Each scenario provides details on reaction kinetics, rate constants, and feed compositions to determine the required reactor parameters.

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2 views6 pages

Final Examples 2025

The document discusses various chemical reactions occurring in different reactor types, including CSTR and PFR, under specific conditions such as temperature and pressure. It includes calculations for fractional conversion, reactor volume, and concentrations of reactants and products for reactions involving toluene, ammonia, and propene. Each scenario provides details on reaction kinetics, rate constants, and feed compositions to determine the required reactor parameters.

Uploaded by

tai.truonghuu1203
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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The irreversible, gas-phase trimerization reaction 3A → R is taking place at steady state in

an ideal CSTR that has a volume of 10,000 liter. The feed is a 1;2 molar ratio of A and N 2 at
5 atm total pressure and a temperature of 50 °C. The reactor operates at 350 °C and 5 atm
total pressure. The volumetric feed rate is 8000 l/h, at feed conditions. The gas mixture is
ideal at all conditions. The reaction is homogeneous and the rate of disappearance of A is
given by: -rA = kCA. The value of k is 4.0 x 10-5 h-1 at 100 °C and the activation energy is 90.0
kJ/mol. What is the fractional conversion of A in the stream leaving the reactor?
Hydrodealkylation is a reaction that can be used to convert toluene (C 7H8) into benzene (C6H6),

which is historically more valuable than toluene. The reaction is: C 7H8+ H2 → C6H6+CH4
Zimmerman and York have studied this reaction between 700 and 950 °C in the absence of any
catalyst. They found that the rate of toluene disappearance was well correlated by:
-rT = kT[H2]1/2[C7H8]

kT = 3.5 x 1010 exp(-E/RT) (l/mol)1/2/s E = 50,900 cal/mol


The reaction is essentially irreversible at the conditions of the study, and the ideal gas laws are
valid. Consider a feed stream that consists of 1.5 mol of H 2 per mole of toluene. A reactor is to be
designed that operates at atmospheric pressure and a temperature of 850 °C. What volume (in
liters) of reactor is required to achieve a fractional conversion of toluene of 0.50 with a mixture
feed rate of 1000 mol/h? First assume that the reactor is an ideal CSTR.
The homogeneous, reversible, exothermic, liquid-phase reaction: A ⇔ R is being carried out in a
reactor system consisting of two ideal CSTRs in series. Both reactors operate at 150 °C. The
molar flow rate of A entering the first CSTR is 55,000 mol/h, the concentration of A in this stream
is 6.5 g·mol/l, and the concentration of R is zero. The fractional conversion of A in the outlet
stream from the second CSTR is 0.75.
This fractional conversion is based on the molar flow rate entering the first CSTR. The reaction is
first order in both directions. The rate constant for the forward reaction at 150 °C is 1.28 h-1 and
the equilibrium constant based on concentration at 150 °C is 10.0. If the volume of the second
CSTR is 10,000 liter, what is the required volume of the first CSTR?
The reaction takes place between two gases that mix at the entrance of the CSTR reactor. The
first gas A enters at a flow rate of 14.2 m3/min and the second gas contains 50% B and balance
in inert I, entering with a total flow rate of 7.1 m3/min. Both are instantaneously mixed at the
entrance of the reactor at 86◦C and 1 atm. The gases are ideal and the product obtained is R
according to the stoichiometric reaction: A + B → R
The rate constant is given by the following expression:
k = exp(-5,470/T + 12.5); (L/(mol min))
a) Calculate the reactor volume operating isothermally to achieve 90% conversion.
b) Calculate the molar flow and space velocity
The chlorination of propene:
C3H6 + Cl2 → CH2 = CH - CH2Cl + HCl
takes place in gas phase inside a PFR reactor of 5 m3 at 300oC and 20 atm. One introduces 30%
C3H6, 40% Cl2, and balance in N2. The total molar flow is 0.45 kmol/h. The rate constant is given:
k = 4.12 × 1010 exp (-27, 200/(RT)) (m3/(kmol min))
Calculate the final conversion and the mean residence time.
Kermode and Stevens [1965] studied the gas reaction of ammonia and formaldehyde to make hexamine:
4NH3 + 6HCHO → (CH2)6N4 + 6H2O
4A + 6B → R + 6S
The continuous flow reactor was a 490-cm3 baffled stainless steel tank stirred at 1800 rpm, with several
precautions to ensure almost perfect mixing. The overall reaction had a rate
rA = kCACB2 mol A/l s
with k = 1.42 × 103 exp(-3090/T). The reactants were fed in streams of 1.50 cm3/s, with the ammonia (A)
concentration 4.06 mol/l and the formaldehyde (B) concentration 6.32 mol/l. The temperature in the reactor
was 36°C. Calculate CA and CB, the concentrations in the reactor and in the effluent

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