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Lesson 3 - Midterm

Module 4 of the RHIS curriculum focuses on data quality, outlining its importance in health information systems. It covers the conceptual framework of data quality, common problems, and the roles of different management levels in ensuring data quality. Key metrics for assessing data quality include completeness, timeliness, and consistency across various data sources.

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2 views13 pages

Lesson 3 - Midterm

Module 4 of the RHIS curriculum focuses on data quality, outlining its importance in health information systems. It covers the conceptual framework of data quality, common problems, and the roles of different management levels in ensuring data quality. Key metrics for assessing data quality include completeness, timeliness, and consistency across various data sources.

Uploaded by

John Boski Javellana
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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ROUTINE HEALTH INFORMATION SYSTEMS

A Curriculum on Basic Concepts and Practice

MODULE 4:
RHIS Data Quality

SESSION 1:
Introduction to Data Quality
The complete RHIS curriculum is available here:
https://www.measureevaluation.org/our-work/ routine-health-information-systems/rhis-
curriculum

1
Learning Objectives and Topics
Covered

Objectives
 Understand the data quality conceptual framework
 Become familiar with the dimensions and metrics of
data quality
 Understand what different RHIS management levels
can do to ensure data quality
 Identify the main types of data quality problems

Topics Covered
 Define data quality
 Link between data quality and quality assurance
 Data-quality conceptual framework
 Metrics of data quality
 Common threats to data quality

2
What Is Data Quality?

Data quality is often defined as “fitness


for use.”

What does this mean?

 Data are fit for their intended uses in


operations, decision making, and
planning.
 Data reflect real value or true
performance.
 Data meet reasonable standards when
checked against criteria for quality.
3
Importance of Data Quality

 High-quality data help providers and managers:


o Form an accurate picture of health needs, programs, and
services in specific areas
o Inform appropriate planning and decision making (such
as staffing requirements and planning healthcare
services)
o Inform effective and efficient allocation of resources
o Support ongoing monitoring, by identifying best
practices and areas where support and corrective
measures are needed

4
Symptoms of Data Quality Problems

 Different people supply different answers to the


same question.
 Data are not collected in a standardized way or
objectively measured.
 Staff suspect that the information is unreliable,
but they have no way of proving it.
 There are parallel data systems to collect the
same indicator.

5
Symptoms of Data Quality Problems (2)

 Data management operational processes are


not documented.
 Data collection and reporting tools are not
standardized; different groups have their own
formats.
 Too many resources (money, time, and effort)
are allocated to investigate and correct faults
after the fact.
 Mistakes are spotted by external stakeholders
(during audits).

6
What Is Quality Assurance?

“A program for the systematic monitoring


and evaluation of the various aspects of a
project, service, or facility (and taking
actions accordingly) to ensure that
standards of quality are being met”
(Merriam-Webster Dictionary)

7
What Is Data Quality Assurance?

A systematic monitoring and evaluation of


data to uncover inconsistencies in the data
and data management system, and making
necessary corrections to ensure quality of
data

8
Quick Plenary Discussion

What are the roles and


responsibilities that should be
carried out at each level of the
health system
to assure production of high-quality
data?

9
Maintaining Data Quality by RHIS
Management Level

Central Level
Health Facilities Intermediate Level
(Service Delivery
Provide guidelines on data
Sites) collection, reporting, and
management procedures
Review reports received;
submit aggregated Ensure timeliness and
reports completeness of reporting
Collect and enter initial
data
Ensure timeliness and
completeness of reporting Monitor quality of data
throughout all levels
Summarize patient data
and check quality of
registers Monitor quality of data
captured and reported Monitor quality of data
captured and reported
Complete, verify, and
submit summary reports Conduct routine
on time Conduct routine
supervisory visits supervisory visits

Routinely analyze and use Routinely analyze and use Routinely analyze and use
data data data
10
Data Quality Conceptual Framework

11
Metrics of Data Quality

Completeness and Timeliness of Data: Availability of reports and availability


of complete data (up-to-date, available on time, and found to be correct)
Internal Consistency of Reported Data: Plausibility of reported results,
trends over time, and consistency between related indicators and potential
outliers
External Consistency with Other Data Sources: Level of agreement
between two sources of data measuring the same health indicator
External Comparisons of Population Data: Consistency between
denominators from different sources used to calculate health indicators 12
Most Common Problems Affecting Data Quality
across System Levels

Technical determinants
• Lack of guidelines to fill out the data sources and reporting
forms
• Data collection and reporting forms are not standardized
• Complex design of data collection and reporting tools
Behavioral determinants
• Personnel not trained in the use of data sources & reporting
forms
• Misunderstanding of how to compile data, use tally sheets, and
prepare reports
• Math errors occur during data consolidation from data sources,
affecting report preparation
Organizational determinants
• Lack of a reviewing process, before report submission to next
level
• Organization incentivizes reporting high performance
• Absence of culture of information use

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