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生物土壤结皮

维基百科,自由的百科全书
(重定向自土壤結皮
Hovenweep 國家紀念區英语Hovenweep National Monument內的生物土壤結皮.
天生橋國家紀念區Sipapu橋英语Sipapu Bridge附近的生物土壤結皮.

生物土壤結皮(biological soil crusts, BSCs, 简称生物结皮)是由蓝细菌藻类地衣苔藓隐花植物和土壤微生物及其他生物通过菌丝体假根和分泌物等与土壤表层颗粒胶结形成的一种复合体,是乾旱和半干旱气候土壤表面的生物群落[1]。生物土壤結皮遍布世界各地,依地形、土質、氣候、植群、微生境、擾動英语disturbance regimes的相異由不同物種組成。

生物土壤結皮具有重要的生態角色,有固炭、固氮、保持結構穩定的功能。也影響土表反照率、water relations、種子發芽、維管束植物的養分含量 。[2]

生物土壤结皮一般划分为藻结皮、地衣结皮和藓结皮3个主要演替阶段[3]

参考文献

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  1. ^ Jin, Xinying; Zhang, Xiaochong; Jin, Duo; Chen, Yun; Li, Jingyu. Diversity and seasonal dynamics of bacteria among different biological soil crusts in the southeast Tengger Desert. Biodiversity Science. 2020-06-20, 28 (6): 718. doi:10.17520/biods.2019298. 
  2. ^ Belnap, Jayne. Cryptobiotic Soils: Holding the Place in Place. U.S. Geological Survey. August 5, 2013 [May 10, 2016]. (原始内容存档于May 10, 2016). 
  3. ^ Su, Y.-G.; Li, X.R.; Zheng, J.-G.; Huang, G. The effect of biological soil crusts of different successional stages and conditions on the germination of seeds of three desert plants. Journal of Arid Environments. 2009-10, 73 (10): 931–936. doi:10.1016/j.jaridenv.2009.04.010. 

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