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資訊超載

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维基百科,自由的百科全书
(重定向自資訊過載

資訊超載(英語:information overload),又稱資訊肥胖症(英語:infobesity),是指接受太多資訊,反而影響正常的理解決策[1],它往往於日常信息過多有關。「資訊超載」一詞最早於1962年由管理學和資訊科學的學者開始使用;1964年,Bertram Gross在他的《The Managing of Organizations》中使用了該詞[2][3];1970年,Alvin Toffler在他的著作《Future Shock英语未来冲击》中也使用了該詞語,進一步推廣了這一概念。[4]Speier等人(1999)認為,如果輸入的資訊超過處理能力,就會發生資訊超載,這很可能會降低決策的品質。[5]

Roetzel(2019)提出了該概念側重時間和資源方面的新定義。他指出,當一個決策者得到多組資訊,如複雜度、數量和矛盾等資訊時,由於個人處理所有資訊並做出最佳決策的稀缺資源的限制,其決策的品質會降低。[6]

現代信息技术在很多層面上都是資訊超載的主要驅動因素之一,包括資訊生產的數量上、資訊傳播的容易程度上,以及受眾的廣度上。社群媒體注意力經濟的興起進一步加劇了長期存在的技術因素,從而助長了注意力盜用英语attention theft的問題。[7][8]在網絡技術、資訊學、网络文化的時代,資訊超載與過度接觸、過度瀏覽資訊,以及輸入大量資訊和資料有關。

相關概念

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參見

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參考文獻

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  1. ^ Yang, CC., Chen, Hsinchun; Honga, Kay. Visualization of Large Category Map for Internet Browsing (PDF). Decision Support Systems. 2003, 35 (1): 89–102 [2022-06-05]. doi:10.1016/S0167-9236(02)00101-X. hdl:10150/106272. (原始内容 (PDF)存档于2021-08-18). 
  2. ^ Gross, Bertram, M. The Managing Organizations: The Administrative Struggle, vol 2. 1964: 856ff. 
  3. ^ Levy, Daniel. Information Overload. Himma, Kenneth Himar; Tavani, Herman T. (编). The Handbook of Information and Computer Ethics (PDF). Hoboken: Wiley & Sons. 2008: 502. ISBN 978-0-471-79959-7. [失效連結]
  4. ^ Information Overload, Why it Matters and How to Combat It. Interaction Design Foundation. [August 1, 2018]. (原始内容存档于2021-05-26). 
  5. ^ Speier, Cheri; Valacich, Joseph S.; Vessey, Iris. The Influence of Task Interruption on Individual Decision Making: An Information Overload Perspective. Decision Sciences. March 1999, 30 (2): 337–360. doi:10.1111/j.1540-5915.1999.tb01613.x. 
  6. ^ Roetzel, Peter Gordon. Information overload in the information age: a review of the literature from business administration, business psychology, and related disciplines with a bibliometric approach and framework development. Business Research. 2019, 12 (2): 479–522. doi:10.1007/s40685-018-0069-z可免费查阅 (英语). 
  7. ^ Wu, Tim. The Crisis of Attention Theft—Ads That Steal Your Time for Nothing in Return. Wired. April 14, 2017 [9 August 2021]. (原始内容存档于2021-08-14). 
  8. ^ McFedries, Paul. Stop, Attention Thief!. IEEE Spectrum (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers). 22 May 2014 [9 August 2021]. (原始内容存档于2021-08-15) (英语). 
  9. ^ Twist, Jo. Web guru fights info pollution. 英國廣播公司新聞. 13 October 2003 [22 June 2013]. (原始内容存档于2022-06-05). 
  10. ^ Nielsen, Jakob. Information Pollution. Nielsen Norman Group英语Nielsen Norman Group. 11 August 2003 [22 June 2013]. (原始内容存档于2022-04-01). 
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