1320s in England
Events from the 1320s in England.
Incumbents
[edit]- Monarch – Edward II (to 25 January 1327), then Edward III
Events
[edit]- 1320
- Walter Stapledon, Bishop of Exeter, is appointed as Lord High Treasurer.
- Many horses die of a disease called "Ffarsine".[1]
- 1321
- May – Marcher lords seize the lands of Hugh Despenser the Elder.[2]
- 28 June – Thomas, 2nd Earl of Lancaster (a cousin of the king) holds an assembly at Sherburn-in-Elmet demanding administrative reforms and denouncing Hugh le Despenser.[2]
- 14 August – Edward II is forced to banish his most loyal baron, Hugh le Despenser, and his son Hugh the younger.[3]
- Construction of the Lady Chapel at Ely Cathedral begins.[3]
- First recorded tower clock in England constructed, at Norwich Cathedral.[2]
- Famine recurs.[4]
- 1322
- 12/13 February – the central tower of Ely Cathedral collapses.[3]
- 10 March – Despenser War: Battle of Burton Bridge in Staffordshire – Edward II drives off the forces of the Earl of Lancaster.
- 16 March – Despenser War: Battle of Boroughbridge in Yorkshire – Edward II defeats the rebellious barons led by Thomas, 2nd Earl of Lancaster, who is captured.[2]
- 22 March – Earl of Lancaster executed in Pontefract.
- 14 October – First War of Scottish Independence: Battle of Old Byland – Robert the Bruce of Scotland defeats English troops near Byland Abbey in North Yorkshire.[2]
- 1323
- 30 May – Edward II makes a 13-year truce with Scotland.[2]
- 24–30 October – Edward II stays at Liverpool Castle.
- Walter Stapledon conducts a major re-organisation of government records and financial rolls.[2]
- Northallerton Free School founded.
- 1324
- August – War of Saint-Sardos: France invades Gascony.[2]
- William of Ockham summoned before the Papal court at Avignon on charges of heresy.[3]
- Monarch's right to royal fish recognised by statute.[5]
- 1325
- 9 March – Edward II's wife, Isabella of France, travels to France to negotiate a truce with Charles IV of France.[2]
- 24 September – Edward of Windsor goes to France to pay homage for Gascony, and remains there with his mother.[2]
- 1326
- 19 January – Roger de Beler, a Baron of the Exchequer, is murdered by the Folville gang.
- 27 August – Isabella of France arranges the betrothal of Edward of Windsor to Philippa of Hainault in return for military support in her planned invasion of England.[2]
- 24 September – an army led by Isabella and Roger Mortimer lands in Suffolk.[2]
- 2 October – Edward II flees to Gloucester.[3]
- 15 October – Walter Stapledon, Bishop of Exeter and Lord High Treasurer, is murdered by the mob in London.
- 27 October – Hugh Despenser the Elder is hanged, drawn and quartered at Bristol.[3]
- 16 November – Edward II captured at Neath Abbey.[3]
- 24 November – Hugh Despenser the Younger is hanged, drawn and quartered at Hereford.[3]
- Richard of Wallingford constructs a great public clock at St. Albans.[2]
- Probable foundation of Hanley Castle Grammar School in Worcestershire.[6]
- 1327
- 7 January–9 March – Parliament of 1327, sitting at the Palace of Westminster, is instrumental in the transfer of the crown.
- January – outbreak of rioting against monastic establishments in St Albans and Bury St Edmunds; extends to Abingdon in April.[7]
- 20 January – Edward II, incarcerated at Kenilworth Castle, abdicates. This is announced in London on 24 January.
- 25 January – the 14-year-old Edward III is proclaimed King in London in place of his father, Edward II. His mother Isabella and Mortimer rule as regents.[3]
- 1 February – coronation of Edward III at Westminster Abbey.[2]
- 31 March – Charles IV of France (Isabella's brother) makes peace with Edward III, returning Gascony to English control.[3]
- 4 August – First War of Scottish Independence: Scottish forces defeat the English at the Battle of Stanhope Park.
- 10 August – John Grandisson nominated as Bishop of Exeter (consecrated 18 October); he will serve for more than forty years.
- 21 September – death of Edward II at Berkeley Castle, later rumoured to be murdered.[3]
- De Officiis Regum written by Walter de Milemete; the oldest known text to include an illustration of a cannon.[2]
- 1328
- 24 January – marriage of Edward III to Philippa of Hainault[3] at York Minster.
- 1 May – by the Treaty of Edinburgh-Northampton, England recognises Scotland as an independent nation after the Wars of Scottish Independence.
- 5 June – Simon Mepeham enthroned as Archbishop of Canterbury.
- 17 July – Edward III's sister Joan marries David Bruce, son of the Scottish King.[2]
- October – Mortimer proclaims himself Earl of March.[2]
- Willam of Ockham flees Avignon and seeks refuge with the Holy Roman Emperor Louis IV of Bavaria.[3]
- Reconstruction of Exeter Cathedral in the Decorated Gothic style begins.[8]
- A storm surge on the Suffolk coast chokes the harbour of Dunwich[9] and sweeps away the village of Newton.
- St. Catherine's Oratory lighthouse on the Isle of Wight is completed.
- 1329
- Establishment of the predecessor of The King's School, Grantham.
- Establishment of Kilve Chantry in Somerset.
Births
[edit]- 1320
- John Hawkwood, mercenary (died 1394)
- William of Wykeham, Bishop of Winchester (died 1404)
- John Chandos, knight (died 1369)
- 1323
- 30 October- Lady Seraphia Greystone Of Yorkshire (died 1399
- 1325
- William de Ros, 3rd Baron de Ros (died 1352)
- 1328
- 25 June – William de Montacute, 2nd Earl of Salisbury, military leader (died 1397)
- 29 September – Joan of Kent, wife of Edward, the Black Prince (died 1385)
- 11 November – Roger Mortimer, 2nd Earl of March (died 1360)
Deaths
[edit]- 1321
- 9 November – Walter Langton, Bishop of Lichfield and treasurer of England
- 1322
- 16 March – Humphrey de Bohun, 4th Earl of Hereford, soldier, killed in action (born 1276)
- 22 March – Thomas, 2nd Earl of Lancaster, rebel leader, executed (born 1278)
- 14 April – Bartholomew Badlesmere, 1st Baron Badlesmere, soldier, executed (born 1275)
- 3 December – Maud Chaworth, Countess of Leicester (born 1282)
- 1323
- 3 March – Andrew Harclay, 1st Earl of Carlisle, military leader, executed (born c. 1276)
- 1324
- 23 June – Aymer de Valence, 2nd Earl of Pembroke (born c. 1275)
- 1 November – John de Halton, Bishop of Carlisle (year of birth unknown)
- 1326
- 14 October – Walter Stapledon, Bishop of Exeter and Lord High Treasurer, murdered (born 1261)
- 27 October – Hugh Despenser the Elder, chief adviser to Edward II, executed (born 1261)
- 17 November – Edmund Fitzalan, 2nd Earl of Arundel, politician, executed (born 1285)
- 24 November – Hugh Despenser the Younger, knight, executed (born 1286)
- 1327
- 24 June – James Berkeley, Bishop of Exeter
- 21 September – King Edward II of England (born 1284)
- 16 November – Walter Reynolds, Archbishop of Canterbury
References
[edit]- ^ Stratton, J. M. (1969). Agricultural Records. London: John Baker. ISBN 0-212-97022-4.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q Palmer, Alan; Palmer, Veronica (1992). The Chronology of British History. London: Century Ltd. pp. 98–100. ISBN 0-7126-5616-2.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m Williams, Hywel (2005). Cassell's Chronology of World History. London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson. pp. 157–159. ISBN 0-304-35730-8.
- ^ Ruiz, Teofilo F. (1996). "An Age of Crisis: Hunger". Medieval Europe: Crisis and Renewal. The Teaching Company. ISBN 978-1-56585-710-0.
- ^ Prerogativa Regis (temp. incert.).
- ^ Sandstone memorial plaque on main school building.
- ^ Lambrick, Gabrielle (May 1964). "Abingdon and the Riots of 1327" (PDF). Oxoniensia. 29–30: 129–41. Retrieved 2011-11-09.
- ^ Sutton, Ian (1999). Architecture, from Ancient Greece to the Present. London: Thames & Hudson. ISBN 978-0-500-20316-3.
- ^ Simons, Paul (2008). Since Records Began. London: Collins. pp. 175–6. ISBN 978-0-00-728463-4.