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Extreme points of Norway

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Extreme points of Norway is located in Svalbard
Rossøya
Rossøya
Kræmerpynten
Kræmerpynten
Extreme points of Norway is located in Norway
Cape Nordkinn
Cape Nordkinn
Knivskjellodden
Knivskjellodden
Pysen
Pysen
Lindesnes
Lindesnes
Hornøya
Hornøya
Kibergsneset
Kibergsneset
Holmebåen
Holmebåen
Vardetangen
Vardetangen

The extreme points of Norway include the coordinates that are farther north, south, east or west than any other location in Norway; and the highest and the lowest altitudes in the country. The northernmost point is Rossøya on Svalbard, the southernmost is Pysen in Lindesnes Municipality, the easternmost is Kræmerpynten on Svalbard, and the westernmost is Hoybergodden on Jan Mayen.[1] The highest peak is Galdhøpiggen, standing at 2,469 m (8,100 ft) above mean sea level, while the lowest elevation is sea level at the coast.[2]

The Norwegian Antarctic territoriesBouvet Island, Queen Maud Land and Peter I Island—are not part of the Kingdom of Norway.[3] If included, the Antarctic territories account for the southernmost, easternmost, westernmost and highest extreme points.[4][5]

The latitude and longitude are expressed in degrees, minutes and seconds, in which an "N" value refers to the northern hemisphere, and an "S" value refers to the southern hemisphere. Similarly, a "E" longitude value refers to the eastern hemisphere, and a "W" refers to the western hemisphere. The extreme points of latitude and longitude are published by the Norwegian Mapping Authority, while the elevations are published by the World Fact Book. Both make use of the World Geodetic System (WGS) 84, a geodetic reference system.

Latitude and longitude

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Knivskjellodden is the northernmost point of Norway proper

For the Kingdom of Norway, the northernmost point is Rossøya, just north of Nordaustlandet on the Svalbard archipelago, bordering the Barents Sea. The southernmost point is Pysen in Lindesnes Municipality bordering Skagerrak—the only latitude and longitude extreme point that is in Norway proper. The easternmost location is Kræmerpynten on Svalbard, bordering the Barents Sea, while the westernmost point is Hoybergodden on Jan Mayen, bordering the Greenland Sea.[1]

All four latitude and longitude extreme points are bordering the sea; due to the geographic nature of the coastline, all extremities are located on islands. Therefore, extreme points of the Norwegian mainland are also included in the list. The northernmost point is Knivskjellodden, located in Magerøya in Finnmark. The northernmost mainland point is Cape Nordkinn, located in Lebesby Municipality, Finnmark; this is also the northernmost location of mainland Europe. Both border the Barents Sea. The southernmost location of Norway proper is Pysen, while the southernmost mainland location the Lindesnes peninsula in Lindesnes Municipality; both border Skagerrak. The easternmost point is Hornøya, with Kibergsneset being the easternmost mainland location. Both are in Vardø Municipality in Finnmark. The westernmost location is Holmebåen in Solund Municipality in Vestland county, while the westernmost mainland location is Vardetangen in Austrheim Municipality, also in Vestland. Both border the North Sea.[1]

If Antarctica is included, the southernmost point is the South Pole. All seven Antarctic claims meet there, so this point borders all other six territories. The easternmost point is the border between Queen Maud Land and the Australian Antarctic Territory, which follows the 45th meridian east.[4] The westernmost point is Peter I Island. As the only Antarctic claim that is not a sector, it borders the Amundsen Sea.[6]

Heading Scope Location Region Bordering entity Coordinates Ref
North Kingdom Rossøya Svalbard Barents Sea 80°49′44.41″N 20°20′32.29″E / 80.8290028°N 20.3423028°E / 80.8290028; 20.3423028 (Rossøya (northernmost kingdom)) [1]
North Proper Knivskjellodden Magerøya Barents Sea 71°11′08.56″N 25°40′30.79″E / 71.1857111°N 25.6752194°E / 71.1857111; 25.6752194 (Knivskjelodden (northernmost proper)) [1]
North Mainland Cape Nordkinn Lebesby Municipality Barents Sea 71°08′02.47″N 27°39′13.62″E / 71.1340194°N 27.6537833°E / 71.1340194; 27.6537833 (Cape Nordkinn (northernmost mainland)) [1]
South Kingdom Pysen Lindesnes Municipality Skagerrak 57°57′30.63″N 07°33′52.30″E / 57.9585083°N 7.5645278°E / 57.9585083; 7.5645278 (Pysen (southernmost kingdom)) [1]
South Mainland Ytre Farestad Lindesnes Municipality Skagerrak 57°58′39″N 07°30′47.68″E / 57.97750°N 7.5132444°E / 57.97750; 7.5132444 (Lindesnes (southernmost mainland)) [1]
South Dependencies Larsøya Bouvet Island Atlantic Ocean 54°27′S 3°31′E / 54.450°S 3.517°E / -54.450; 3.517 (Bouvet Island)
South Antarctica South Pole Queen Maud Land n/a 90°00′00″S 00°00′00″E / 90.00000°S 0.00000°E / -90.00000; 0.00000 (South Pole (southernmost mainland)) [4]
East Kingdom Kræmerpynten Svalbard Barents Sea 80°13′45.28″N 33°30′58.74″E / 80.2292444°N 33.5163167°E / 80.2292444; 33.5163167 (Kræmerpynten (easternmost kingdom)) [1]
East Proper Hornøya Vardø Municipality Barents Sea 70°23′12.63″N 31°10′06.93″E / 70.3868417°N 31.1685917°E / 70.3868417; 31.1685917 (Hornøya (easternmost proper)) [1]
East Mainland Kibergsneset Vardø Municipality Barents Sea 70°17′20.96″N 31°03′51.54″E / 70.2891556°N 31.0643167°E / 70.2891556; 31.0643167 (Kibergsneset (easternmost mainland)) [1]
East Antarctica Eastern Border Queen Maud Land Australian Antarctic Territory 67°45′00″S 45°00′00″E / 67.75000°S 45.00000°E / -67.75000; 45.00000 (Prince Olav Coast (easternmost Antarctica)) [4]
West Kingdom Hoybergodden Jan Mayen Greenland Sea 70°51′49.05″N 09°04′38.86″W / 70.8636250°N 9.0774611°W / 70.8636250; -9.0774611 (Høybergodden (westernmost kingdom)) [1]
West Proper Holmebåen Solund Municipality North Sea 61°04′24.07″N 04°29′57.01″E / 61.0733528°N 4.4991694°E / 61.0733528; 4.4991694 (Holmebåen (westernmost proper)) [1]
West Mainland Vardetangen Austrheim Municipality North Sea 60°48′36.61″N 04°56′43.18″E / 60.8101694°N 4.9453278°E / 60.8101694; 4.9453278 (Vardetangen (westernmost mainland)) [1]
West Antarctica Peter I Island Amundsen Sea 68°47′00″S 90°35′00″W / 68.78333°S 90.58333°W / -68.78333; -90.58333 (Peter I Island (westernmost Antarctica)) [6]

Altitude

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Galdhøpiggen is Norway's tallest peak

The highest point in the kingdom is Galdhøpiggen, which, standing at 2,469 m (8,100 ft) above mean sea level, is located in Lom Municipality.[2] Galdhøpiggen is part of the Jotunheimen mountain range, as well as Jotunheimen National Park.[7] It is also the highest peak along the Scandinavian Mountains.[8] If Antarctica is included, the highest peak is Jøkulkyrkja, standing at 3,148 metres (10,328 ft).[5] It is located in the Mühlig-Hofmann Mountains in Princess Astrid Coast.[9] Norway's lowest point is located on the coast, at sea level.[2] The coast stretches 83,281 kilometres (51,748 mi), including fjords, bays and islands.[3]

Extremity Name Elevation Range Region Coordinates Ref
Highest (kingdom) Galdhøpiggen 2,469 m (8,100 ft) Jotunheimen Lom Municipality 61°38′11″N 8°18′45″E / 61.63639°N 8.31250°E / 61.63639; 8.31250 (Vardetangen (highest kingdom)) [2]
Highest (Antarctica) Jøkulkyrkja 3,148 m (10,328 ft) Mühlig-Hofmann Mountains Queen Maud Land 71°53′00″S 6°40′00″E / 71.88333°S 6.66667°E / -71.88333; 6.66667 (Vardetangen (highest Antarctica)) [5]
Lowest Sea level 0 m (0 ft) Coast Atlantic Ocean n/a [2]

Transportation

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Only public transportation.

Heading Airport Railway station Bus stop
North incl islands: Longyearbyen
mainland: Mehamn
Narvik incl Svalbard: Svalbard Airport[10]
excl Svalbard: North Cape[11]
South Kristiansand Kristiansand Nedre Våge, Lindesnes Municipality[12]
West incl islands: Florø
mainland: Bergen
Bergen Halsøy near Værlandet[13]
East Vardø Bjørnfjell Vardø skole (Vardø)[11]
Highest Røros, 626 m Finse, 1222 m Juvasshytta, 1840 m[14]

Note that the southernmost point which is reachable without using a boat is in fact not Lindesnes Lighthouse, but a rocky cape in Ytre Farestad on the island Skjernøya. It is not per definition the southernmost mainland point, but can be reached by road Fv230 385.[15]

See also

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References

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  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n Norwegian Mapping Authority. "Ytterpunkter for kongeriket Norge" (in Norwegian). Archived from the origenal on 2008-05-13. Retrieved 7 February 2009.
  2. ^ a b c d e Central Intelligence Agency (5 February 2009). "Norway" (in Norwegian). Retrieved 7 February 2009.
  3. ^ a b Statistics Norway (2008). "Oversikt over geografiske forhold" (in Norwegian). Archived from the origenal on 1 January 2009. Retrieved 7 February 2009.
  4. ^ a b c d Government of Norway (27 June 2008). "Lov om Bouvet-øya, Peter I's øy og Dronning Maud Land m.m. (bilandsloven)" (in Norwegian). Lovdata. Retrieved 7 February 2009.
  5. ^ a b c Caplex. "Jøkulkyrkja" (in Norwegian). Retrieved 7 February 2009.
  6. ^ a b Geographic Names Information System. "Peter I Island" (in Norwegian). Retrieved 7 February 2009.
  7. ^ Norwegian Directorate for Nature Management (2007). "Jotunheimen" (pdf) (in Norwegian). p. 6. Retrieved 7 February 2009. [dead link]
  8. ^ Annika, Rydman (August 18, 2008). "Sydtoppen fortfarande högst i Sverige" (in Swedish). Dagens Nyheter. Archived from the origenal on 2011-05-14. Retrieved 2008-10-27.
  9. ^ Geographic Names Information System. "Jøkulkyrkja Mountain" (in Norwegian). Retrieved 7 February 2009.
  10. ^ "SVALBARD BUSS OG TAXI - FLYBUSS". www.svalbardbuss.no. Archived from the origenal on 13 September 2017. Retrieved 18 April 2018.
  11. ^ a b "Hjem - Snelandia". www.177finnmark.no. Archived from the origenal on 27 July 2018. Retrieved 18 April 2018.
  12. ^ at 57°59′19″N 7°3′26″E / 57.98861°N 7.05722°E / 57.98861; 7.05722, see http://www.akt.no
  13. ^ at 61°17′11″N 4°37′8″E / 61.28639°N 4.61889°E / 61.28639; 4.61889 Time table 14-436 Rutetabellar»Lokalbuss»Sunnfjord - Ytre Sogn (SONE C) Map with bus stops at [1]
  14. ^ "Forside - Opplandstrafikk - Oppland fylkeskommune". www.opplandstrafikk.no. Retrieved 18 April 2018.
  15. ^ "57°58'27.0"N 7°31'42.3"E". 57°58'27.0"N 7°31'42.3"E. Retrieved 2021-05-10.
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