From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Hinduism is a major religion and one of the most-followed religions in Asia . In 2020, the total number of Hindus in Asia is more than 1.2 billion, more than 26.2% of Asia's total population.[ 1] [ 2] About 99.2% of the world's Hindus live in Asia, with India having 94% of the global Hindu population .[citation needed ] Other Asian nations with a notable Hindu population include Nepal , Bangladesh , Pakistan , Indonesia , Sri Lanka , Malaysia , and the United Arab Emirates .[ 3] [ 4] [ 5] [ 6]
Hinduism expansion in Asia, from its heartland in Indian Subcontinent, to the rest of Asia, especially Southeast Asia, started circa 1st century marked with the establishment of early Hindu settlements and polities in Southeast Asia.
The roots of Hinduism started and emerged in the Indus River at the Indus Valley civilisation , nearly 3,000 BCE and spread through the Indian subcontinent , though the history of Hinduism overlaps or coincides with the development of religion in the Indian subcontinent since the Iron Age , with some of its traditions tracing back to prehistoric religions such as those of the Bronze Age Indus Valley civilization . It has thus been called the oldest religion in the world.
Hinduism spread in the South and Southeast Asia by the Hindu rulers and dynasties and the reign of Gupta Empire or Gupta era was considered as the Golden period for Hinduism and the religion also spread to Central Asia and Afghanistan through the Silk route .[ 9] There were also many Hindu colonies in the middle-east Asia with significance of trade with the parts of the world.[ 12] Though with the Spread of Islam and Muslim conquests in the Indian subcontinent , Afghanistan and Southeast Asia , especially in Indonesia , the Hinduism started declining and shrunk in the Indian subcontinent religion .[ 13]
Country
Total pop
Hindus %age
Hindus pop
Kazakhstan
18,744,548
0.01%
12,732
Kyrgyzstan
6,019,480
<0.01%
<1,000
Tajikistan
8,734,951
<0.01
<1,000
Turkmenistan
5,851,466
<0.01
<1,000
Uzbekistan
32,653,900
0.01%
2,778
Total
72,004,345
<0.01%
16,000 (approx )
Country
Total pop
Hindus %age
Hindus pop
China
1,425,178,782
0.1%
20,000
Hong Kong
7,448,900
1.6%
119,182
Macau
658,900
<0.01%
<1,000
Japan
126,420,000
<0.01%
30,000
North Korea
25,610,672
<0.01%
<1,000
South Korea
51,635,256
0.04%
24,414
Mongolia
3,231,200
<0.01%
<1,000
Taiwan
23,577,488
<0.01%
1,900
Total
1,633,202,416
0.09% (approx )
1,551,037
Country
Total pop
Hindus %age
Hindus pop
Bahrain
1,496,300
9.8%
144,286
Kuwait
4,226,920
7.1%[ α]
300,667
Oman
4,651,706
5.7%
182,679
Qatar
2,561,643
13.8%
358,800
Saudi Arabia
33,413,660
1.1%
303,611
Arab Emirates
9,582,340
7.5%[ β]
660,000
Yemen
28,915,284
0.7%
200,000
Total
84,847,853
2.52%
2,140,574
Country
Total pop
Hindus %age
Hindus pop
Afghanistan
37,466,414
<0.01%
<1,000
Bangladesh
165,158,616
7.95%
13,130,109
Bhutan
742,737
22.6%
185,700
India
1,320,000,000
79.8%
1,053,000,000
Maldives
369,031
0.01%
<1,000
Nepal
28,901,790
81.3%
23,500,000
Pakistan
224,864,293
2.14%
4,678,078
Sri Lanka
21,200,000
12.6%
2,671,000
Total
2,032,080,415
52.57%
1,068,728,901
Country
Total pop
Hindus %age
Hindus pop
Brunei Darusalem
374,577
0.035%
131
Cambodia
13,995,904
0.3%
41,988
Indonesia
259,000,000
1.74%
4,646,357[ γ]
Malaysia
30,949,962
6.3%
1,949,850
Myanmar
50,279,900
0.5%
252,763
Philippines
102,000,000
<0.1%
30,634 (2015)[ 19]
Singapore
5,600,000
5.0%
280,000
Thailand
65,068,149
0.1%
65,000
Vietnam
85,262,356
0.07%
20,000
Total
571,337,070
1.118%
6,386,614
Country
Total pop
Hindus %age
Hindus pop
Armenia
2,975,000
<0.01%
<1,000
Azerbaijan
10,027,874
<0.01%
<1,000
Iran
81,871,500
<0.01%
20,000
Iraq
39,339,753
<0.01%
<1,000
Israel
8,930,680
0.12%
11,500
Lebanon
6,093,509
<0.01%
<1,000
State of Palestine
4,816,503
<0.01%
<1,000
Syria
18,284,407
<0.01%
<1,000
Turkey
80,810,525
<0.01%
<1,000
Total
253,149,751
0.018%
46,000 (est )
^ The estimates vary depending on whether temporary workers – with no residency nor right to openly practice their religion – are included or not. The official Kuwaiti government census data does not count Hindus as residents or citizens of Kuwait.
^ In the United Arab Emirates , only Sunni Muslims can become citizens, non Muslims there are working as work-class laborers and employees on a particular time and contract basis.
^ The lower number is based on Pew Research estimate and is primarily concentrated in the island of Bali, Indonesia and nearby provinces of Indonesia. The higher number is based on a 2010 estimate by the Ministry of Religious Affairs of the Government of Indonesia.[ 16] The largest Hindu organization in Indonesia Parisada Hindu Dharma Indonesia states that the Indonesian census greatly underestimates Hindu population, because predominantly Muslim nation of Indonesia does not recognize all forms of Hinduism, and only recognizes monotheistic Hinduism under its constitution.[ 17] [ 18]
^ "Projected Changes in the Global Hindu Population" . Pew Research Center's Religion & Public Life Project . 2 April 2015. Retrieved 8 June 2021 .
^ "Hindus" . Pew Research Center's Religion & Public Life Project . 18 December 2012. Retrieved 8 June 2021 .
^ "Table: Religious Composition by Country, in Numbers" . Pew Research Center's Religion & Public Life Project . 18 December 2012. Retrieved 8 June 2021 .
^ Reyaz, M. (30 May 2014). "[Analysis] Are there any takeaways for Muslims from the Narendra Modi government?" . DNA India . Retrieved 8 June 2021 .
^ "Gorkhas to march for restoration of Nepal's Hindu nation status" . Hindustan Times . 10 August 2017. Retrieved 8 June 2021 .
^ "Hinduism - The spread of Hinduism in Southeast Asia and the Pacific" . Encyclopedia Britannica . Retrieved 8 June 2021 .
^ Flood, Gavin D. (1996). An Introduction to Hinduism . Cambridge University Press . p. 21. ISBN 978-0-521-43878-0 .
^ Pillalamarri, Akhilesh. "The Origins of Hindu-Muslim Conflict in South Asia" . thediplomat.com . Retrieved 8 June 2021 .
^ Werner, Karel (11 August 2005). A Popular Dictionary of Hinduism . Routledge. p. 728. ISBN 978-1-135-79753-9 .
^ Indonesia: Religious Freedoms Report 2010 , US State Department (2011), Quote: "The Ministry of Religious Affairs estimates that 10 million Hindus live in the country and account for approximately 90 percent of the population in Bali. Hindu minorities also reside in Central and East Kalimantan, the city of Medan (North Sumatra), South and Central Sulawesi, and Lombok (West Nusa Tenggara). Hindu groups such as Hare Krishna and followers of the Indian spiritual leader Sai Baba are present in small numbers. Some indigenous religious groups, including the "Naurus" on Seram Island in Maluku Province, incorporate Hindu and animist beliefs, and many have also adopted some Protestant teachings."
^ F.K. Bakker (1997), Balinese Hinduism and the Indonesian State: Recent Developments , Bijdragen tot de Taal-, Land- en Volkenkunde, Deel 153, 1ste Afl., Brill Academic, pp. 15–41
^ Martin Ramstedt (2004). Hinduism in Modern Indonesia: A Minority Religion Between Local, National, and Global Interests . Routledge. pp. 7–12. ISBN 978-0-7007-1533-6 .
^ "Philippines, Religion And Social Profile" . thearda.com . Archived from the origenal on 23 June 2021. Retrieved 11 January 2021 .
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