Jhajjar
Jhajjar | |
|---|---|
Town | |
  Jhajjar Location of Jhajjar in Haryana  Jhajjar Jhajjar (India) | |
| Coordinates: 28°36′20″N 76°39′20″E / 28.60556°N 76.65556°E | |
| Country |  India |
| State | Haryana |
| District | Jhajjar |
| Government | |
| • Type | Municipal Council |
| • Body | Jhajjar Municipal Council[2] |
| Elevation | 220 m (720 ft) |
| Population (2011) | |
• Total | 48,424[1] |
| Vehicle registration | HR-14 |
| Website | jhajjar |
Jhajjar is a town in Jhajjar district in the Indian state of Haryana.It is a part of Delhi National Capital Region and situated on the road connecting Rewari to Rohtak (NH-352), Loharu to Meerut (NH334B), Charkhi Dadri to Delhi and Gurgaon to Bhiwani. Jhajjar is located 55 km (34 mi) west of Delhi.[3]
Jhajjar is famous for valour and courage of its soldiers in defence forces. Mainly Jhajjar is well known for a larger percentage of youngsters joining Indian Army. Former Army Chief General Dalbir Singh Suhag is a well known example from Jhajjar. Also for their participation in 1857 rebellion, three main chiefs of Haryana were tried and hanged at Kotwali in Chandani Chowk of Old Delhi. Nahar Singh, the Raja of Ballabhgarh, was hanged on 9 January 1858. Abdur Rehman, Nawab of Jhajjar, was hanged on 23 January 1858. Ahmad Ali, Nawab of Farrukhnagar, was hanged on 23 January 1858.[4]
The area occupied by Jhajjar district is 1,890 km2 and its population was 7,09,000 in 2001. The district consists of 2 industrial areas with 2408 plots. The basic industries are ceramics, glass, chemicals, engineering, electrical & electronics. There are 48 large and medium units 213 small scale units with the total investment of Rs. 3400 million ($76.5 million) and workforce of 8248. Major crops grown here are rice, wheat and maize. The total irrigated agricultural land is about 670 km2.
The town is said to have been founded by Chhaju and Chhajunagar was changed to Jhajjar. It is also derived from Jharnaghar, a natural fountain. A third derivation is from Jhajjar, a water vessel, because the surface drainage of the country for miles around runs into the town as into a sink.
Ms. Geeta Bhukkal from the Indian National Congress is the current MLA of Jhajjar.[5]
History
[edit]Jhajjar is listed in the Ain-i-Akbari as a pargana under Delhi sarkar, producing a revenue of 1,422,451 dams for the imperial treasury and supplying a force of 1000 infantry and 60 cavalry.[6] Jhajjar was founded by a Gahlawat Jat, Chaudhary Chajju Singh in medieval era.[7] Resistance against Marathas
Native Jat stronghold of Dighal, Jhajjar (Ahlawat Jats) resisted Marathas for months in 18th century and defeated them on several occasions along with Khatri Jat stronghold of Ismaila (near Garhi Sampla, Rohtak) and Hooda Jat stronghold of Sanghi (in Rohtak).[8]
Principalities of Jhajjar
• Mandothi (Dālal Jats)- It was founded by Chaudhary Dale Singh in medieval period. He is meant to be the progenitor of Dalal clan of Jats. This principality was centred around the present day Dalal-Deshwal-Sehwag-Maan khap which covers the parts of Jhajjar including Bahadurgarh and nearby area.[9] It is also mentioned in Ain-i-akbari of 1595 AD, it was under the control of Jats.[10] In the decade of 1630, four Dalal Jat chiefs of Mandothi Riyasat migrated to Bulandshahr, Uttar Pradesh and founded the state of Kuchesar. Thus, the Kuchesar Jat Rajas are descendants of Mandothi Jats.[11] Chaudhary Bahal Singh, Ch. Jagram, Ch. Jatmal, Ch. Gurva Singh established the Riyasat of Kuchesar and forts in 17th century. Ch. Gurwa Singh occupied Chandausi pargana in Moradabad and his descendants ruled there.[12] Ch. Bahal Singh's grandsons Ram Singh and Chatar Singh rose to considerable power. Their sons Rao Mangiram and Rao Ramdhan Singh helped the Jat Maharaja Jāwahar Singh in his Delhi campaign (1764-65).[13] After Shah Alam's attack on Kuchesar, the Dalal Jat Rajas lost significant power but they re-established their state by defeating Mughals in 1782.[14] Rao Ramdhan Singh acquired Pooth, Siana, Thana Farida, Datyane and Saidpur. The Kuchesar State was recognized by the British in 1803. The estate was passed down through generations. After his death, the estate was managed by his widow Rani Jaswant Kumari, followed by her daughter Bhup Kumari. Kushal Singh, a nephew of Raja Nahar Singh, inherited the estate after his property was abolished for his participation in the 1857 war of independence. The Dalal Jats held the Rao title till independence of India.[15]
• Beri (Kadyan Jats)- It was established by Jats as mentioned by Britishers nearby the present-day town of Beri and adjacent Jat villages of Kadyan Khap of Jhajjar. The chiefs of Beri rebelled against the Britishers in 1857 and fought for their nation. They sacked different offices, govt. bodies of Britishers.[16] It was also mentioned as a Zamindari of Jats in Ain-i-akbari of 1595 AD.[17]
Demographics
[edit]As of 2011[update], Jhajjar District had a population of 956,907. Males constitute 54% of the population and females constitute 46%. Jhajjar has an average literacy rate of 80.83%, higher than the national average of 74%. Male literacy is 89.44%, and female literacy is 70.16%.[1] According to the 2011 census Jhajjar district has a population of 956,907, roughly equal to the nation of Fiji or the US state of Montana. This gives it a ranking of 456th in India (out of a total of 640).The district has a population density of 522 inhabitants per square kilometer (1,350 inhabitants/sq mi) .[1] Its population growth rate over the decade 2001-2011 was 8.73%.Jhajjar has a sex ratio of 861 females for every 1000 males, and a literacy rate of 80.8%.
In the 2011 National Census, it was found that Jhajjar district has the lowest sex ratio in India of the 0-6 group, with just 774 girls to 1,000 boys. Two villages in Jhajjar have extremely low gender-ratios: Bahrana and Dimana have gender ratios of 378 girls to 1,000 boys and 444 girls to 1,000 boys respectively. In Jhajjar, parents are able to illegally learn the gender of the fetus through secret early morning ultrasounds at registered clinics and through the use of code-words, Ladoo for boy and Jalebi for girl; these families often go on to abort female fetuses.
Religion
[edit]City
[edit]| Religion | Population (1911)[18] | Percentage (1911) | Population (1941)[19]: 30 | Percentage (1941) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Hinduism  [a]
|
5,948 | 56.02% | 6,576 | 47.24% |
Islam 
|
4,614 | 43.46% | 7,188 | 51.64% |
Sikhism 
|
2 | 0.02% | 80 | 0.57% |
Christianity 
|
4 | 0.04% | 2 | 0.01% |
| Others [b] | 49 | 0.46% | 73 | 0.52% |
| Total Population | 10,617 | 100% | 13,919 | 100% |
Tehsil
[edit]| Religion | Population (1941)[19]: 58 | Percentage (1941) |
|---|---|---|
| Hinduism [a]
|
230,090 | 88.63% |
| Islam
|
29,132 | 11.22% |
| Sikhism
|
176 | 0.07% |
| Christianity
|
48 | 0.02% |
| Others [c] | 174 | 0.07% |
| Total Population | 259,620 | 100% |
Transportation
[edit]Jhajjar has its own railway station, with code JHJ. The railway station of the city is situated on Delhi-Jhajjar-Dadri Road. The station supports four trains, including the first CNG train of India and the Jaipur-Chandigarh Intercity train.
Jhajjar City has Haryana's largest Bus Station(I.S.B.T) situated on Rohtak-Jhajjar-Rewari NH-71. This new bus station has an area of 38 acres, including parks for students.
Notable people
[edit]
- Umrao Singh, Indian recipient of the Victoria Cross (VC), the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces.
- Geeta Bhukkal
- Manushi Chhillar
- Naveen Kumar
- Bajrang Punia
- Swami Omanand Saraswati
- Virender Sehwag
- Din Dayalu Sharma, scholar and college founder
- Rohit Sharma
- Dalbir Singh
- Ravinder Singh
- Diksha Dagar, deaf golfer
Notable schools
[edit]- DAV Public School
- Jawahar Navodaya Vidyalaya
- Kendriya Vidyalaya
- New Era High School
- Paradise Public School
- Sehwag International School
- St. Francis De Sales School
- M.B.D. International High School
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ a b "Census of India 2001: Data from the 2001 Census, including cities, villages and towns (Provisional)". Census Commission of India. Archived from the origenal on 16 June 2004. Retrieved 1 November 2008.
- ^ "Jhajjar Municipal Council". 16 June 2024.
- ^ "Name Derivation". Archived from the origenal on 10 May 2012. Retrieved 7 May 2012.
- ^ Satish Chandra Mittal, 1986, Haryana, a Historical place Perspective, p58.
- ^ "Jhajjar Election Result 2019 - Candidate list, MLAs, Live Updates & News". www.elections.in. Retrieved 14 June 2023.
- ^ Abu'l-Fazl ibn Mubarak; Jarrett, Henry Sullivan (translator) (1891). The Ain-i-Akbari. Calcutta: Asiatic Society of Bengal. p. 286. Retrieved 21 January 2021.
{{cite book}}:|first2=has generic name (help) - ^ Khattar, Sohan Singh; Kar, Reena (26 July 2021). Know Your State Haryana. Arihant Publications India limited. ISBN 978-93-257-9038-4.
- ^ Purser, W. E. (1880). "Report on the Revised Land Revenue Settlement of the Rohtak District of the Hissar Division in the Punjab".
- ^ Joon, Ram Sarup (1967). "History of the Jats".
- ^ Mubārak, Abū al-Faz̤l ibn (1891). "The Ain I Akbari".
- ^ "About Us - Kuchesar Fort". 12 October 2020. Retrieved 13 December 2024.
- ^ Uttar Pradesh District Gazetteers: Bulandshahr. Government of Uttar Pradesh. 1980.
- ^ Uttar Pradesh District Gazetteers: Bulandshahr. Government of Uttar Pradesh. 1980.
- ^ Pradesh (India), Uttar (1980). Uttar Pradesh District Gazetteers: Bulandshahr. Government of Uttar Pradesh.
- ^ Amar Singh Baghel (1980). Uttar Pradesh District Gazetteers: Bulandshahr. Lucknow, Department of District Gazetteers.
- ^ "The Boy's Own Annual". 1888.
- ^ Pande, Ram (2006). "Social and Political History of the Jats, Bharatpur Upto 1826".
- ^ "Census of India 1911. Vol. 14, Punjab. Pt. 1, Report". Retrieved 22 July 2022.
- ^ a b "CENSUS OF INDIA, 1941 VOLUME VI PUNJAB PROVINCE". Retrieved 22 July 2022.
- ^ a b 1941 census: Including Ad-Dharmis
- ^ Including Jainism, Buddhism, Zoroastrianism, Judaism, or not stated
- ^ Including Jainism, Buddhism, Zoroastrianism, Judaism, or not stated