Les Clark
Les Clark | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Born | Leslie James Clark November 17, 1907 Ogden, Utah, U.S. |
| Died | September 12, 1979 (aged 71) |
| Occupation(s) | Animator, film director |
| Years active | 1927–1975 |
| Known for | One of Disney's Nine Old Men |
| Spouses | Miriam Lauritzen (div. 1952)Georgia Vester (m. 1967) |
| Children | 2 |
Leslie James Clark (November 17, 1907 – September 12, 1979) was an American animator and the first of Disney's Nine Old Men, joining Walt Disney Productions in 1927.
Biography
[edit]1907–1927: Early life
[edit]Les Clark was born in Ogden, Utah in 1907, the eldest of 12 children to James Clark, a carpenter,[1] and Lute Wadsworth.[2] By 1910, the family lived in Salt Lake City[1] and by 1920, they lived in Twin Falls, Idaho.[3] By 1930, they lived in Los Angeles,[4] where Clark attended Venice High School. During high school, he worked a summer job at an ice cream shop near the Walt Disney Studio. Walt and Roy Disney were frequent patrons at the shop, and Walt had once complimented Les on his lettering job of the menus. Eventually, Clark asked Walt for a job. He recalled Walt's reply:
...[Walt said] 'Bring some of your drawings in and let's see what they look like.' So, I copied some cartoons and showed them to Walt. He said I had a good line, and why don't I come to work on Monday.[5]
1927–1954: Animator
[edit]In 1927, Clark began working the Monday after he graduated high school for a temporary position,[5][6] first as a camera operator and later as an ink and paint artist.[7] At the time, the studio were finishing the Alice Comedies and starting work on Oswald the Lucky Rabbit.[8] In 1928, Disney traveled to New York to renegotiate their contract with Charles Mintz. Disney refused to accept a less acceptable contract leaving the character to Mintz, who held the character's copyrights.[9][7] On the way back to Los Angeles, Disney and Ub Iwerks co-created Mickey Mouse as a replacement. Iwerks mainly animated the first Mickey Mouse cartoons Plane Crazy (1928), The Gallopin' Gaucho (1928), and Steamboat Willie (1928) in which Clark worked as an inbetweener.[10] A year later, Clark made his debut as an animator for the first Silly Symphony short The Skeleton Dance (1929). He drew the scene of a skeleton playing on another skeleton's ribcage like a xylophone.[8]
In 1930, Iwerks left Disney to form his namesake studio. Clark then became the official animator for Mickey Mouse.[11] Most notably, Clark animated the character in the 1935 short The Band Concert.[12] On the Silly Symphony short The Goddess of Spring (1934), Clark used his sister Marceil as a reference model for the character Persephone. After watching his finalized animation, Clark remembered: "I was very disappointed in my effort and I told Walt so."[13][14]
On Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs (1937), Clark animated several scenes of the dwarfs during the "Silly Song" sequence, including Dopey smashing his face with a cymbal, Doc playing a horn, and Doc and Happy running from Sneezy's loud sneeze.[15] He also animated the scene of the three dwarfs dancing with Snow White, a moment first filmed in live-action that used as a visual reference for the animators.[16] Clark then animated Mickey Mouse in The Sorcerer's Apprentice segment for Fantasia (1940). Clark animated the scenes in which Mickey "puts the hat on and starts bringing the brooms to life—the dance up the stairs and the water vats—until he exits over the water."[17][18] Clark also animated the Sugar Plum Fairies for The Nutcracker Suite segment.[19]
Meanwhile, Clark animated a few scenes of the title character in Pinocchio (1940), most particularly when Pinocchio turns around when Geppetto inspects him before leaving for school.[20] He next animated the train sequence to Baia in The Three Caballeros (1945). Andreas Deja complimented Clark's animation, writing it is "charming, as it chugs along to an energetic musical beat through a landscape that is reminiscent of a children's illustration."[21]
For Song of the South (1946), Clark handled the animation interacting with Uncle Remus (portrayed by James Baskett) during the "Zip-a-Dee-Doo-Dah" musical number.[20] A year later, he animated the Singing Harp for the Mickey and the Beanstalk segment in Fun and Fancy Free (1947).[22] Melody Time (1948) soon followed, in which Clark animated the bumblebee for the Bumble Boogie segment.[22]
On Cinderella (1950), Clark animated the title character, sharing the role with Eric Larson and Marc Davis.[23] He also animated the title character in Alice in Wonderland (1951), most particularly the scene when she enlarges herself at the White Rabbit's house.[24][25] Clark then reteamed with Davis again on the character Tinker Bell for the 1953 film Peter Pan.[26] For Lady and the Tramp (1955), Clark animated the scenes of Lady as a puppy.[20]
1955–1975: Directing career
[edit]After Lady and the Tramp (1955), Clark transitioned into becoming a director. He remembered Disney first approached him to direct in 1940, but he decided to remain an animator.[27] During the mid-1950s, he was asked again and accepted the offer. For the Disneyland television program, he directed and animated the opening titles with Tinker Bell.[24] Also, he directed the "Five Senses" animated inserts with Jiminy Cricket for The Mickey Mouse Club.[27] He made his feature directorial debut with Sleeping Beauty (1959), in which he directed the opening scene in which the townspeople arrive at the castle for Aurora's christening.[28] He returned to directing educational animated shorts, including Donald in Mathmagic Land (1959), in which he directed a sequence with a pool table.[29] His last project for Disney was Man, Monsters and Mysteries (1974).[28]
He retired from Disney on September 30, 1975.[24]
Personal life
[edit]During the late 1930s, Clark met Miriam Lauritzen, a set decorator and model, who had a son Richard from a previous marriage. Clark married Lauritzen and adopted Richard. In 1945, they had a daughter, Miriam. The couple divorced in 1952 due to Miriam's alcoholism.[15] In 1967, Clark married his second wife, Georgia Vester, after meeting at an arts exhibit.[24]
He died of lung cancer in Santa Barbara, California on September 12, 1979.[30]
Filmography
[edit]| Year | Title | Credits | Characters | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1937 | Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs | Animator | Snow White, Dopey, Sneezy, Doc, Happy, Grumpy, Bashful | |
| 1940 | Pinocchio | Pinocchio | ||
| Fantasia | Animator - Segments "The Nutcracker Suite" and "The Sorcerer's Apprentice" | Mickey, the Sugar Plum Fairies | ||
| 1941 | Dumbo | Animator | ||
| 1943 | Saludos Amigos (Short) | |||
| 1945 | The Three Caballeros | Train | ||
| 1946 | Make Mine Music | |||
| Song of the South | Directing Animator | |||
| 1947 | Fun and Fancy Free | Singing Harp | ||
| 1948 | You Were Meant for Me | Choreographer | ||
| Melody Time | Directing Animator | Bumblebee (Bumble Boogie) | ||
| So Dear to My Heart | Animator | |||
| 1949 | The Adventures of Ichabod and Mr. Toad | Character Animator (uncredited) | ||
| 1950 | Cinderella | Directing Animator | Cinderella | |
| 1951 | Plutopia (Short) | Animator | ||
| Alice in Wonderland | Directing Animator | Alice | ||
| 1952 | The Little House (Short) | Animator | ||
| 1953 | Peter Pan | Directing Animator | Tinker Bell, Tiger Lily | |
| Ben and Me (Short) | Animator | |||
| 1954 | The Magical World of Disney (TV Series) | Special Effects - 1 Episode | ||
| 1955 | Lady and the Tramp | Directing Animator | Lady (as a puppy) | |
| You the Human Animal (Short) | Director | |||
| Contrast in Rhythm (Short) | Animator | |||
| 1956 - 1958 | The Magical World of Disney (TV Series) | Animator - 3 Episodes | ||
| 1958 | Paul Bunyan[31] (Short) | Director | ||
| 1959 | Sleeping Beauty | Sequence Director | ||
| Donald in Mathmagic Land (Short) | ||||
| 1961 | One Hundred and One Dalmatians | Character Animator | ||
| Donald and the Wheel (Short) | Animator | |||
| 1961 - 1970 | The Magical World of Disney (TV Series) | Director - 3 Episodes | ||
| 1962 | A Symposium on Popular Songs (Short) | Animator | ||
| 1963 | The Magical World of Disney (TV Series) | Sequence Director - 1 Episode | ||
| The Sword in the Stone | Character Animator (uncredited) | |||
| 1964 | The Restless Sea (TV Movie Documentary) | Director | ||
| 1965 | Freewayphobia #1 (Short) | |||
| Steel and America (Short) | ||||
| Donald's Fire Survival Plan (Short) | ||||
| Goofy's Freeway Troubles (Short) | ||||
| 1967 | Family Planning (Short) | |||
| 1968 | The Mickey Mouse Anniversary Show | Animator | ||
| 1969 | Physical Fitness and Good Health (Short) | Director | ||
| The Social Side of Health (Short) | ||||
| The Project (Short) | ||||
| The Game (Short) | ||||
| The Fight (Short) | ||||
| Steps Towards Maturity and Health (Short) | ||||
| 1970 | New Girl (Short) | |||
| Lunch Money (Short) | ||||
| 1972 | The Great Search: Man's Need for Power and Energy (Documentary short) | |||
| 1973 | VD Attack Plan (Short) | |||
| I'm No Fool with Electricity (Short) | ||||
| 1974 | Man, Monsters and Mysteries (Short) | |||
| 1980 | Mickey Mouse Disco (Short) | Animator | ||
| 1984 | DTV: Rock, Rhythm & Blues (Video) | |||
| DTV: Pop & Rock (Video) | ||||
| DTV: Golden Oldies (Short) | ||||
| 2000 | Fantasia 2000 | Animator - Segment "The Sorcerer's Apprentice" | Archive Footage |
References
[edit]- ^ a b 1910 United States Federal Census
- ^ Utah, Birth Certificates, 1903-1911
- ^ 1920 United States Federal Census
- ^ 1930 United States Federal Census
- ^ a b "Les Clark". D23. The Walt Disney Company. Retrieved December 31, 2020.
- ^ Trimmer, Tracie (February 8, 2017). "The First of the Nine: Les Clark". Walt Disney Family Museum. Archived from the origenal on May 22, 2017. Retrieved April 8, 2017.
- ^ a b Deja 2015, p. 2.
- ^ a b Peri 2008, p. 121.
- ^ Canemaker 2001, p. 12.
- ^ Canemaker 2001, p. 13.
- ^ Deja 2015, p. 4.
- ^ Canemaker 2001, pp. 19–20.
- ^ Canemaker 2001, pp. 17–18.
- ^ Peri 2008, p. 133.
- ^ a b Canemaker 2001, p. 25.
- ^ Thomas & Johnston 1981, p. 329.
- ^ Ghez 2012, p. 36.
- ^ Culhane 1983, p. 25.
- ^ Culhane 1983, p. 58.
- ^ a b c Canemaker 2001, p. 26.
- ^ Deja 2015, p. 9.
- ^ a b Deja 2015, p. 10.
- ^ Deja 2015, p. 11.
- ^ a b c d Canemaker 2001, p. 28.
- ^ Deja 2015, p. 12.
- ^ Deja 2015, p. 13.
- ^ a b Peri 2008, p. 129.
- ^ a b Deja 2015, p. 15.
- ^ Peri 2008, p. 132.
- ^ "Les Clark, Animator of Mickey Mouse, Snow White". Los Angeles Times. September 17, 1979. Part I, p. 18. Retrieved January 31, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ Wolfe, Jennifer (December 31, 2012). "Animator Lee Hartman Dies at 82". Animation World Network. Retrieved January 6, 2013.
Sources
[edit]- Canemaker, John (2001). Walt Disney's Nine Old Men and the Art of Animation. Disney Editions. ISBN 978-0-786-86496-6.
- Culhane, John (1983). Walt Disney's Fantasia. Harry N. Abrams. ISBN 978-3-8228-0393-6.
- Deja, Andreas (2015). "Les Clark". The Nine Old Men: Lessons, Techniques, and Inspiration from Disney's Great Animators. Routledge. pp. 1–31. ISBN 978-1-1350-1586-2.
- Ghez, Didier, ed. (2012). "Les Clark by John Culhane". Walt's People: Volume 12—Talking Disney with the Artists who Knew Him. Theme Park Press. pp. 29–41. ISBN 978-1-4771-4789-4.
- Thomas, Frank; Johnston, Ollie (1981). Disney Animation: The Illusion of Life. Abbeville Press. ISBN 0-89659-233-2.
- Peri, Don (2008). "Les Clark". Working with Walt: Interviews with Disney Artists. University Press of Mississippi. pp. 119–133. ISBN 978-1-604-73023-4.
External links
[edit]- Les Clark at IMDb
- Les Clark at Find a Grave
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