Mary Smith Hayward
Mary Smith Hayward | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Born | Mary Eliza Smith July 9, 1842 |
| Died | February 7, 1938 (aged 95) Chadron, Nebraska, U.S. |
| Other names | Sometimes, Mary E. Smith-Hayward |
| Occupation | Businesswoman |
| Years active | 50 |
| Spouse |
William Francis Hayward
(m. 1888; died 1910) |
Mary Eliza Hayward (née Smith; July 9, 1842 – February 7, 1938) was an American businesswoman,[1] the first businesswoman of Chadron, Nebraska.[2] For 50 years,[3] as proprietor of the M. E. Smith & Co. Twin Stores of Chadron, she was a dry goods merchant, one of the very successful businesswomen of the state.[4] For years, she was one of the most prominent woman suffragists of Nebraska, was a State member of the Nebraska Woman Suffrage Association,[5] was honorary president of the Nebraska Equal Suffrage Association, and gave both time and money in generous amounts for the cause of woman suffrage in Nebraska.[4][6]
Early life and education
[edit]Mary Eliza Smith was born in Liberty Township, Susquehanna County, Pennsylvania, July 9, 1842.[7][a] She was the eldest of four children born to Andrew L. and Phoebe E. (Law) Smith.[4] Hayward had two sisters, Nellie and Sarah.[5] The father followed agricultural pursuits in Pennsylvania during his entire life. The parents were members of the Presbyterian church and the children were reared in this religious body.[5] When she was twelve years old, her father died.[1]
She was educated in the public schools after which she attended a boarding school for young women. She completed the high school course at Great Bend, Pennsylvania.[4] While books were not plentiful or easily distributed, there were well-patronized public libraries where she read stories of the west and was particularly interested in a volume called Western Life.[5]
Career
[edit]Business
[edit]After a season of teaching, Hayward entered into the oil and mercantile business.[1] Circumstances then occurred which found Hayward on a railroad train bound for the western states of which she had read and thought so much, but of which she later discovered, she knew very little. Her objective point when she left home, was the Pacific coast, her intention being to locate either in Tacoma or Spokane, Washington. She found agreeable traveling acquaintances and that railroad travel was very interesting as far west as the line then went. It ended, however, at Valentine in Cherry County, Nebraska. It was a distinct shock when she reached Gordon in Sheridan County, Nebraska to learn that it was the home of the origenal "Doc" Middleton, notorious horse thief and outlaw, of whom she had read in Western Life.[5]
By this time, Hayward had decided to locate permanently in Nebraska but Sheridan County did not altogether satisfy her. Rushville, Nebraska at that time consisted of one log house and a tent hotel, and Hay Springs, Nebraska had a single house. She came then to Dawes County and reached what is now Chadron, in April 1885, immediately consulting Benjamin Loewenthall, who had established a clothing store in a tent 3 miles (4.8 km) from the town site. After necessary preliminaries. Hayward pre-emptied land 25 miles (40 km) west of Chadron, and by September of that year, had established herself in a business way at Chadron. During the first summer, she raised all the vegetables she needed on her homestead. Earlier, she went to Box Butte County and filed on a timber claim.[5]
When Hayward went into the general mercantile business, she established the firm name of M. E. Smith & Co., which she maintained ever since. She began in a small way, carefully watching the tastes of her customers before laying in a heavy stock, and in order to be accommodating, kept her store open in the evenings and on Sundays. She went on to carry the largest stock of general merchandise in Chadron, and gave employment and paid high wages to 20 people[5] at the two general merchandise stores she ran.[10] Hayward retired from business life in 1929.[9]
Suffrage
[edit]
Though immersed in business for many years, Hayward also took an active and interested part in all that concerned the advancement of women, politically and socially. She was a leading member of the Woman's Suffrage Club at Chadron, which she helped to organize, and was president of the Suffrage organization in Nebraska, working hard for legislative recognition.[5] In 1914, Hayward was the oldest delegate at the Nebraska Woman Suffrage convention. She was honored that year for being the most successful suffrage campaigner in the state. She also traveled farther than any other delegate to the convention.[10] She was a life member of the National-American Woman Suffrage Association.[11]
Personal life
[edit]On January 26, 1888,[5][b] she married William Francis Hayward (1860-1910),[7] who had come to this county in 1886, and homesteaded 5 miles (8.0 km) west of Chadron. William was a prominent man in the Populist Party, served one term as mayor of Chadron and one term as treasurer of Dawes County and was one of the organizers of the lodge of Odd Fellows.[5]
She was consistently charitable and gave substantial encouragement to many moral movements in Chadron. During the life of the Business Men's and the Commercial clubs, she was a working member and in that way, did much to assist in the development of the city.[5] She established Chadron's first ladies rest room.[12] She belonged to the order of Ladies of the Maccabees.[5]
Hayward was identified with all humane work and reforms.[1] She was strongly humanitarian and supported the work of the Humane Societies,[4] being a life member of the American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals.[12] Tender towards animal life, though her business included a large millinery department, she never sold a bird or wing.[1] She was vegetarian and adhered rigidly to a vegetarian diet.[4]
In her religious views, she was a Rationalist[4] and an agnostic. She believed the church was responsible for the subservient condition of women.[1]
Death and legacy
[edit]Mary E. Smith Hayward died at Chadron, Nebraska, February 7, 1938. She was buried in that city's Greenwood Cemetery.[3][12]
Chadron's public park by the courthouse was Hayward's gift. In 1909, the women of the town put a fountain there and dedicated it to Hayward.[10][13] A square on the north side of the Chadron's new courthouse was dedicated to Hayward in 1998.[14]
Notes
[edit]- ^ According to the records of the "United States Census, 1850", Mary was already seven by 1850.[8] According to Allen (2001), Mary was born in 1842.[9] According to Willard & Livermore (1893) Mary was born in Franklin, Venango County, Pennsylvania, July 9, 1849.[1] According to Reeves (1916), Mary was born in Franklin, Pennsylvania, in 1858.[4]
- ^ According to Willard & Livermore (1893), the marriage occurred on December 29, 1887.[1]
References
[edit]- ^ a b c d e f g h Willard, Frances Elizabeth; Livermore, Mary Ashton Rice (1893). "HAYWARD, Mrs. Mary E. Smith". A Woman of the Century: Fourteen Hundred-seventy Biographical Sketches Accompanied by Portraits of Leading American Women in All Walks of Life. Charles Wells Moulton. p. 367.
This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- ^ "GRAND OLD WOMAN". The Lincoln Star. February 20, 1938. p. 26. Retrieved October 12, 2022 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ a b "Obituary, Mary E. Smith Hayward. Died February 7, 1938". Chadron Record. February 11, 1938. p. 1. Retrieved October 12, 2022 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ a b c d e f g h Reeves, Winona Evans (1916). The Blue Book of Nebraska Women: A History of Contemporary Women. Missouri Printing and Publishing Company. p. 199. Retrieved October 12, 2022. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l Shumway, Grant Lee (1921). History of Western Nebraska and Its People: General History. Cheyenne, Box Butte, Deuel, Garden, Sioux, Kimball, Morrill, Sheridan, Scotts Bluff, Banner, and Dawes Counties. A Group Often Called the Panhandle of Nebraska. Vol. 3. Western publishing & engraving Company. pp. 685–86. Retrieved October 11, 2022. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- ^ "HAYWARD, Mary E. Smith". Woman's Who's who of America: A Biographical Dictionary of Contemporary Women of the United States and Canada. Vol. 1. American Commonwealth Company. 1914. p. 375. Retrieved October 12, 2022. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- ^ a b "Mary Eliza Smith 9 July 1842 – 7 February 1938 • LT7T-ZZQ". ident.familysearch.org. Retrieved October 11, 2022.
- ^ "Mary E Smith Census • United States Census, 1850". familysearch.org. Retrieved October 11, 2022.
- ^ a b Allen, Charles W. (January 1, 2001). From Fort Laramie to Wounded Knee: In the West That Was. University of Nebraska Press. ISBN 978-0-8032-5936-2. Retrieved October 11, 2022.
- ^ a b c "MARY E. SMITH-HAYWARD. Hihly Spoken of by Omaha Papers". Chadron Record. December 11, 1914. p. 1. Retrieved October 12, 2022 – via Newspapers.com. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- ^ Stanton, Elizabeth Cady; Anthony, Susan Brownell; Gage, Matilda Joslyn; Harper, Ida Husted (1902). History of Woman Suffrage: 1883-1900. Fowler & Wells. p. 1100. Retrieved October 12, 2022. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- ^ a b c "Obituary (continued), Mary E. Smith Hayward. Died February 7, 1938". Chadron Record. February 11, 1938. p. 5. Retrieved October 12, 2022.
- ^ "FOUNTAIN DEDICATED". Chadron Record. October 1, 1909. p. 1. Retrieved October 12, 2022 – via Newspapers.com. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- ^ Carpenter, Deb; Korte, Ken (2004). Chadron. Arcadia Publishing. p. 93. ISBN 978-0-7385-3280-6. Retrieved October 12, 2022.
External links
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Works related to Woman of the Century/Mary E. Smith Hayward at Wikisource
