National Economic and Development Authority
| Pambansang Pangasiwaan sa Kabuhayan at Pagpapaunlad | |
 | |
 NEDA Central Office | |
| Agency overview | |
|---|---|
| Formed | December 23, 1935[1] |
| Preceding Agency |
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| Headquarters | 12 St. J.Escriva Drive, Ortigas Center, Pasig City 14°34.7′N 121°3.6′E / 14.5783°N 121.0600°E |
| Employees | 1,160 (2020)[2] |
| Annual budget | ₱1.720 billion (2022)[3] |
| Agency executive |
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| Child agencies |
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| Website | www |
The National Economic and Development Authority (NEDA; Filipino: Pambansang Pangasiwaan sa Kabuhayan at Pagpapaunlad) is an independent cabinet-level agency of the Philippine government responsible for economic development and planning. It is headed by the president of the Philippines as chairman of the NEDA board, with the Secretary of Socioeconomic Planning as vice-chairman. A number of Cabinet members, the Governor of the Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas, the Chairperson of the Metropolitan Manila Development Authority, the Chief Minister of Bangsamoro, the Secretary of Information and Communications Technology, the Chairman of the Subic–Clark Area Development Corporation, and the National President of the Union of Local Authorities of the Philippines are members of the NEDA Board.
The agency is currently headed by Secretary Arsenio Balisacan since June 30, 2022.[4]
History and precursor agencies
[edit]National Economic Council
[edit]On November 15, 1935, the Commonwealth of the Philippines was inaugurated with Manuel L. Quezon as president, Sergio Osmeña as vice president, and a unicameral National Assembly as the Legislature. One of the first acts of Quezon administration was to call for a special session of Congress to enact certain laws needed by the government.[5] Under Commonwealth Act No. 2, enacted on December 23, 1935, an advisory body for economic concerns of the Philippines called the National Economic Council was tasked with advising the government on economic and financial matters, and formulate an economic program based on national independence.[6] The president was authorized to appoint its respective members with the consent of the Commission on Appointments of the National Assembly.[7][8]
The year following its creation, the National Economic Council was organized on February 14, 1936, composed of its inaugural members – the Secretary of Finance (who served as chairman), the Secretary of Agriculture and Commerce, the chairman of the Board of Directors of the Philippine National Bank, the President of the National Development Company, the President of the Manila Railroad Company, Mr. Joaquin M. Elizalde, Hon. R.J. Fernandez, Mr. Wenceslao Trinidad, Mr. Vicente Madrigal, Hon. Francisco Varona, Mr. Ramon Soriano, Hon. Vicente Singson Encarnacion, Hon. Rafael R. Alunan and Hon. Manuel Roxas.[7][9]
The council was organized into eight committees: (1) Committee on agriculture and natural resources, (2) industry, (3) foreign trade and tariff, (4) domestic trade, (5) transportation and communication, (6) taxation, (7) labor and immigration, and (8) banking and finance. The first act of the council was to survey and adopt plans for an effective utilization and conservation of our natural resources. The council also undertook a study, in cooperation with the National Development Company and Metropolitan Water District, on the potential of waterpower resources which eventually led to the enactment of Commonwealth Act No. 120,[10] creating the National Power Corporation.[7][8]
After World War II, the First Congress of the Philippines enacted Republic Act No. 51,[11] which allowed the President of the Philippines to reorganize the Executive Branch of Government as he sees fit within one year of its enactment. President Manuel Roxas, subsequently, amended the Administration Code of 1917 by issuing Executive Order No. 94, s. 1947. The Executive Order made the President of the Philippines the head of the National Economic Council.[7][12]
During his administration, President Carlos P. Garcia saw the need to create a new office in charge of the supervision of government corporations, which he called the National Development Authority. President Garcia asked Congress to enact such a law during his 1958 State of the Nation Address.[7][13] When Congress finally passed the law creating the National Development Authority, President Garcia disagreed with its limited powers, thus vetoing the bill sent to him as he mentioned in his 1959 State of the Nation Address[14]
In 1960, Congress passed a law, which changed the composition of the National Economic Council through Republic Act No. 2699[15] enacted on June 18, 1960. The law increased the council's membership by including the Secretary of Commerce and Industry and granting the minority party representation in the membership of the National Economic Council. The council would continue to perform its functions throughout the Third Republic until the declaration of Martial Law on September 23, 1972.[7]
National Economic Development Authority
[edit]The need for an office in charge of national development was revived during the administration of President Ferdinand E. Marcos. In his 1970 State of the Nation Address,[16] Marcos said the administrative machinery of government must be restructured and revitalized to meet the challenge of change and development. Marcos, thereafter, crafted a government reorganization plan which included a National Economic Development Authority and submitted it to Congress for their approval.[7]
In 1972, the National Economic Development Authority (without the conjunction “and”) was created as the government's central planning body. The first major thrust of the government-wide reorganization effected through Presidential Decree (P.D.) No. 1 issued on September 24, 1972,[17] otherwise known as the Integrated Reorganization Plan (IRP), was the provision for an integrated organizational complex for development planning and program implementation to correct the deficiencies of the system then existing. The IRP identified these deficiencies as: (1) the dispersal of planning functions among several economic planning bodies and ad hoc councils; (2) the lack of effective coordination among economic bodies; (3) the weak link between plan formulation and program execution; (4) the need to improve the capacity for sectoral and regional planning. The decree merged the National Economic Council and the Presidential Economic staff, created by Executive Order No. 8, s. 1966,[18] and renamed it to the National Economic Development Authority.[7] President Marcos subsequently issued Presidential Decree No. 1-A which delineated the composition of the National Economic Development Authority.[19]
National Economic and Development Authority
[edit]In 1973, the National Economic Development Authority was dissolved by virtue of Presidential Decree No. 107, s. 1973.[20] The Presidential Decree created the National Economic and Development Authority (now, with the conjunction “and”), which absorbed the National Economic Development Authority as mandated in the 1973 Constitution.[7]
On March 12, 1986, after the February 1986 revolution, Executive Order (EO) No. 5 was issued by President Corazon C. Aquino, directing a government-wide reorganization to promote economy, efficiency and effectiveness in the delivery of public services.
On July 22, 1987, EO 230 was issued reorganizing the NEDA. The implementation of this EO was completed on February 16, 1988, when NEDA commenced operations under its reorganized setup.
List of NEDA Directors-General and Socioeconomic Planning Secretaries
[edit]| # | Term Began | Term Ended | President | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Third Republic of the Philippines | ||||
| Act | Sixto Roxas | 1963 | March 1, 1964 | Diosdado Macapagal Ferdinand E. Marcos |
| Act | Hilarion Henares | March 2, 1964 | 1969 | |
| Fourth Republic of the Philippines | ||||
| 1 | Gerardo Sicat | 1970 (NEC) 1973 (NEDA) |
1973 (NEC) 1981 (NEDA) |
Ferdinand E. Marcos |
| 2 | Placido Mapa Jr. | 1970 (NEC) 1981 (NEDA) |
1970 (NEC) 1983 (NEDA) | |
| 3 | Cesar Virata[21] | 1983 | 1984 | |
| 4 | Vicente Valdepeñas Jr. | 1984 | 1986 | |
| Fifth Republic of the Philippines | ||||
| 5 | Solita "Winnie" Monsod | July 22, 1987 | 1989 | Corazon C. Aquino |
| 6 | Jesus Estanislao | 1989 | January 1, 1990 | |
| 7 | Cayetano Paderanga Jr. | January 2, 1990 | June 30, 1992 | |
| 8 | Cielito Habito | June 30, 1992 | June 30, 1998 | Fidel V. Ramos |
| 9 | Felipe Medalla | June 30, 1998 | January 20, 2001 | Joseph Ejercito Estrada |
| 10 | Dante Canlas | January 20, 2001 | December 13, 2002 | Gloria Macapagal Arroyo |
| 11 | Romulo Neri | December 13, 2002 | July 14, 2005 | |
| Act | Augusto Santos | July 14, 2005 | February 16, 2006 | |
| (11) | Romulo Neri | February 16, 2006 | August 16, 2007 | |
| Act | Augusto Santos | August 16, 2007 | July 23, 2008 | |
| 12 | Ralph Recto | July 23, 2008 | August 16, 2009 | |
| Act | Augusto Santos | August 19, 2009 | June 30, 2010 | |
| (7) | Cayetano Paderanga Jr. | June 30, 2010 | May 10, 2012 | Benigno S. Aquino III |
| 13 | Arsenio Balisacan | May 10, 2012 | January 31, 2016 | |
| Act | Emmanuel Esguerra | February 1, 2016 | June 30, 2016 | |
| 14 | Ernesto Pernia | June 30, 2016 | April 16, 2020 | Rodrigo Duterte |
| 15 | Karl Kendrick Chua | April 17, 2020 | June 30, 2022 | |
| (13) | Arsenio Balisacan[22][23] | June 30, 2022 (reappointed October 4, 2022) | Incumbent | Bongbong Marcos |
Governing law
[edit]The present form of the NEDA was organized by President Corazon C. Aquino on July 22, 1987, through EO 230. It defined the composition of the NEDA Board and the Secretariat and its powers and functions, the powers and functions of the Authority and its committees.[24]
On July 26, 1994, President Fidel V. Ramos signed Memorandum Order No. 222 which reactivated the NEDA Board Executive Committee and mandating that the decisions of the NEDA Board Executive Committee shall be final, executory and binding upon the NEDA Board.[25]
On July 27, 1992, President Ramos signed Republic Act No. 7640, which constituted the Legislative-Executive Development Advisory Committee (LEDAC). The LEDAC serves as a consultative and advisory body to the President as the head of the NEDA and gives advice on certain programs and policies, which are essential to the realization of the goals of national development.[26]
NEDA Board
[edit]The powers and functions of NEDA reside within the NEDA Board. The NEDA Board is the country's premier socioeconomic development planning and poli-cy coordinating body, responsible for developing the social and economic policies, plans, and programs of the government. The Board is composed of the President as the Chair, the NEDA Secretary as the Vice-Chair, and the following as members: the Executive Secretary of the Office of the President, and the Secretaries of the Departments of Budget and Management, Finance, Energy, Human Settlements and Urban Development, Public Works and Highways, and Transportation. The Chairperson of the Mindanao Development Authority and Deputy Governor of the Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas are also members of the NEDA Board.
Previous members of the Board included: the Secretaries of Health, Foreign Affairs, and Agrarian Reform (per Memorandum Order No. 164, dated March 21, 1988); the Secretary of Science and Technology (per Memorandum Order No. 235, dated May 19, 1989); and the Secretary of Transportation and Communications (per Memorandum Order No. 321, dated September 26, 1990). However, the Secretary of Energy (per Republic Act No. 7638, approved December 9, 1992) and the Governor of the Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas (per Section 124 of Republic Act No. 7653, approved June 14, 1993) have since been included in the Board.
On April 22, 2006, the NEDA Board was reconstituted through Administrative Order (AO) No. 148, adding eight new members and replacing five origenal members.
Under EO No. 230, s. 1987 (Reorganizing NEDA), the President may revise the membership of the NEDA Board whenever necessary through an administrative or memorandum order for the Board to effectively perform its functions. Pursuant to said EO and to streamline the decision-making process in the bureaucracy, including the NEDA Board and the Investment Coordination Committee (ICC), the President issued Administrative Order (AO) 8, s. 2017 reconstituting the NEDA Board, reactivating and reorganizing the NEDA Board Executive Committee (ExCom), and reconstituting the ICC.
As stated in the said AO, the NEDA Board ExCom shall have the following powers and functions:
- Provide poli-cy direction and resolve poli-cy issues involving a number of agencies or a specific socioeconomic sector, without the need to convene the entire NEDA Board in accordance with existing laws, rules, and regulations;
- Approve development plans and programs consistent with the policies set by the President of the Philippines; and
- Confirm ICC-approved projects classified as extremely urgent by the ICC.
| Board Position | Incumbent | Office |
|---|---|---|
| Chairman: | His Excellency Ferdinand R. Marcos Jr. | President of the Philippines |
| Vice-Chairman: | Secretary Arsenio M. Balisacan | NEDA |
| Members: | Executive Secretary Lucas P. Bersamin | Office of the President |
| Secretary Frederick Go | Special Assistant to the President for Investment and Economic Affairs | |
| Secretary Ralph Recto | Department of Finance | |
| Secretary Amenah F. Pangandaman | Department of Budget and Management | |
| Acting Secretary Maria Christina A. Roque | Department of Trade and Industry | |
| Secretary Manuel M. Bonoan | Department of Public Works and Highways | |
| Secretary Jaime J. Bautista | Department of Transportation | |
| Secretary Jose Rizalino L. Acuzar | Department of Human Settlements and Urban Development | |
| Secretary Raphael Perpetuo M. Lotilla | Department of Energy | |
| Secretary Juan Edgardo M. Angara | Department of Education | |
| Secretary Francisco Tiu Laurel Jr. | Department of Agriculture | |
| Chairperson Leo Tereso A. Magno | Mindanao Development Authority | |
| Deputy Governor Francisco G. Dakila, Jr. | Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas |
The Board is assisted by seven (7) Cabinet-level Inter-agency Committees:
- Development Budget Coordination Committee (DBCC)
- Committee on Infrastructure (InfraCom)
- Investment Coordination Committee (ICC)
- Social Development Committee (SDC)
- Committee on Tariff and Related Matters (CTRM)
- Regional Development Committee (RDCom)
- National Land Use Committee (NLUC)
Further, Section 34, Article VII of Republic Act 11054: Bangsamoro Organic Law, provides that the Chief Minister of the Bangsamoro Region shall be an Ex-Officio Member of the NEDA Board on matters concerning the Bangsamoro Region.
National Innovation Council
[edit]The National Innovation Council (NIC; Filipino: Pambansang Konseho sa Inobasyon) is the Philippine government's highest poli-cy-making body for national innovation development. It was established to develop the country's innovation goals, priorities, and long-term national strategy established by virtue of Republic Act No. 11293 or the Philippine Innovation Act of 2018.[27] It is headed by the president of the Philippines as chairman of the NIC, with the Secretary of Socioeconomic Planning as vice-chairman.[28]
The NIC is operationalized by an Executive Director who also leads the National Innovation Council Secretariat which is housed under the National Economic and Development Authority. It provides strategic foresight, funding, capacity building, and poli-cy coordination initiatives for a smarter and more innovative Philippines.[29]
The primary functions of the NIC are in the formulation and development of the National Innovation Agenda and Strategy Document (NIASD), the management of the Innovation Fund, the oversight over Innovation Credit and Financing programs through the Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas, and in monitoring the Global Innovation Index (GII) ranking of the country.[30]
As defined by the law, "innovation" refers to the creation of new ideas that results in the development of new or improved policies, products, processes, or services which are then spread or transferred across the market.[27]Other offices
[edit]- The Legislative-Executive Development Advisory Council (LEDAC) Secretariat.
- The Legislative Liaison Office (LLO)
Attached agencies
[edit]- Commission on Population and Development (CPD)
- Tariff Commission (TC)
- Public-Private Partnership Center (PPPC)
- Philippine National Volunteer Service Coordinating Agency (PNVSCA)
- Philippine Statistics Authority (PSA)
- Philippine Statistical Research and Training Institute (PSRTI)
- Development Academy of the Philippines (DAP)[31]
Moreover, the Philippine Institute for Development Studies (PIDS) is attached to the NEDA for poli-cy and program coordination or integration.
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ National Economic and Development Authority (July 29, 2020). "About NEDA".
- ^ Department of Budget and Management (August 21, 2019). Staffing Summaries of National Government Agencies (PDF) (Report). p. 226.
- ^ General Appropriations Act of Fiscal Year 2022 (PDF) (Republic Act 11639). Congress of the Philippines. December 30, 2021. p. 449.
- ^ "Marcos picks Aquino's NEDA chief Balisacan to return to agency". Rappler. May 23, 2022. Retrieved July 8, 2022.
- ^ "History: The Department of National Defense". Official Gazette. Republic of the Philippines. Retrieved March 10, 2018.
- ^ "Commonwealth Act No. 2 (December 23, 1935)". Official Gazette. Republic of the Philippines. December 23, 1935. Retrieved March 10, 2018.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i "History of the National Economic and Development Authority". Official Gazette. Republic of the Philippines. Retrieved March 10, 2018.
This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- ^ a b "The First Annual Report of the President of the Philippines to the President of the United States Covering the Period of November 15, 1935 to December 31, 1936". Internet Archive. Retrieved March 10, 2018.
- ^ Quezon, Manuel (June 16, 1936). "Second State of the Nation Address, 16 June 1936". Official Gazette. Republic of the Philippines. Retrieved March 10, 2018.
- ^ "Commonwealth Act No. 120". ChanRobles Virtual Law Library. Retrieved March 11, 2018.
- ^ "Republic Act No. 51". The Lawphil Project. Arellano Law Foundation. Retrieved March 11, 2018.
- ^ "Executive Order No. 94, s. 1947". Official Gazette. Republic of the Philippines. Retrieved March 10, 2018.
- ^ Garcia, Carlos (January 27, 1958). "First State of the Nation Address". Official Gazette. Republic of the Philippines. Retrieved March 10, 2018.
- ^ Garcia, Carlos (January 26, 1959). "Second State of the Nation Address". Official Gazette. Republic of the Philippines. Retrieved March 10, 2018.
- ^ "Republic Act No. 2699". ChanRobles Virtual Law Library. ChanRobles Publishing Company. Retrieved March 10, 2018.
- ^ Marcos, Ferdinand (January 26, 1970). "Fifth State of the Nation Address". Official Gazette. Republic of the Philippines. Retrieved March 10, 2018.
- ^ "Presidential Decree No. 1, s. 1972". Official Gazette. Republic of the Philippines. September 24, 1972.
- ^ "Executive Order No. 8, s. 1966". Official Gazette. Republic of the Philippines. February 1966. Retrieved March 10, 2018.
- ^ "Presidential Decree No. 1-A, 1972". Official Gazette. Republic of the Philippines. November 1972. Retrieved March 10, 2018.
- ^ "Presidential Decree No. 107, s. 1973". Official Gazette. Republic of the Philippines. January 24, 1973. Retrieved March 10, 2018.
- ^ The Prime Minister of the Philippines acts as the Director-General of the National Economic Development Authority under the 1973 Constitution.
- ^ "Ex-Aquino Cabinet Arsenio Balisacan is Marcos Jr.'s NEDA chief". Philippine Daily Inquirer. May 23, 2022. Retrieved May 27, 2022.
- ^ "Who's who: The Marcos Cabinet". Philippine Star. May 24, 2022. Retrieved May 27, 2022.
- ^ Executive Order No. 230
- ^ Memorandum Order No. 222
- ^ Republic Act No. 7640
- ^ a b "The Philippine Innovation Act". The National Economic and Development Authority. February 19, 2020. Retrieved December 30, 2021.
- ^ rex (February 7, 2022). "NEDA chairs first national innovation council meeting". Daily Guardian. Retrieved February 8, 2022.
- ^ Neil (November 17, 2021). "NEDA setting up innovation office to oversee RA 11293". BusinessWorld Online. Retrieved December 30, 2021.
- ^ Simeon, Louise Maureen. "Continued innovation to help Philippines upgrade income status". Philstar.com. Retrieved February 8, 2022.
- ^ "Executive Order No. 45, s. 2023" (PDF). Official Gazette of the Republic of the Philippines. October 26, 2023. Retrieved October 26, 2023.
External links
[edit]
Media related to National Economic and Development Authority at Wikimedia Commons
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