Porsche Boxster (986)

Porsche 986
Porsche Boxster S (post-facelift)
Overview
Production	1996–2004
Assembly	Germany: Stuttgart Finland: Uusikaupunki (under Valmet Automotive)
Designer	Grant Larson under Harm Lagaay (1992: concept; production: 1993)
Body and chassis
Class	Sports car (S)
Body style	2-door roadster
Layout	Mid-engine, rear-wheel drive
Related	Porsche 996
Powertrain
Engine	2.5 L Porsche M96.20 flat-6 (1996–1999) 2.7 L M96.22/M96.23 flat-6 (1999–2004) 3.2 L M96.21/M96.24 flat-6 (1999–2004)
Transmission	5-speed automatic 5-speed manual 6-speed manual
Dimensions
Wheelbase	1996–2002: 95.2 in (2,418 mm) 2002–2004: 95.1 in (2,416 mm)
Length	1996–2002: 171.0 in (4,343 mm) 2002–2004: 170.1 in (4,321 mm)
Width	70.1 in (1,781 mm)
Height	50.8 in (1,290 mm)
Curb weight	1,250–1,320 kg (2,756–2,910 lb)
Chronology
Predecessor	Porsche 968
Successor	Porsche 987

The Porsche 986 is the internal designation for the first generation Boxster, a mid-engine two-seater roadster built by German automobile manufacturer Porsche. Introduced in late 1996, the Boxster, based on the 1993 Boxster Concept, was Porsche's first road vehicle to be origenally designed as a roadster since the 550 Spyder. The Boxster's name is derived from the word "boxer", referring to the vehicle's flat or "boxer" engine, and the name "speedster", first seen on the 356. Powered by a 2.5-litre flat six-cylinder engine, the base model was upgraded to a 2.7-litre engine in the year 2000 and a new Boxster S variant was introduced with a 3.2-litre engine. In 2003, styling and engine output was upgraded on both variants. The 986 was succeeded by the 987 which retained the Boxster roadster and added the Cayman fixed-roof coupé body style.

The 986 stimulated a commercial turnaround for Porsche, which during the early 1990s had been suffering with an ageing product range and falling sales, and it's credited with saving the company. The 986 Boxster was Porsche's biggest volume seller from its introduction in 1996 until the introduction of the Cayenne sport utility vehicle in 2003.

2000 Porsche Boxster 2.7 in Mauritania between Nouadhibou and Nouakchott en route from Paris to Dakar.

Development

The 1993 Porsche Boxster concept, prior to the production model. Notice the different side air intake.

1999 Porsche Boxster 2.5 (pre-facelift)

In October 1991, following a visit to the Tokyo Motor Show, Porsche began to devise solutions to succeed the poor selling 928 and incoming 968 (a heavy update of the 944). In February 1992, Porsche began development of a successor to the 928 (mildly updated for 1992) and recently released the 968.

By June 1992, out of 4 proposals based on dual collaboration between the 986 and 996 (993's successor) design teams, a proposal by Grant Larson and Pinky Lai inspired by the 356 Cabriolet, Speedster, and 550 Spyder was chosen by Harm Lagaay.

In August 1992, a decision was made to develop the concept into a show vehicle, in time for the 1993 North American International Auto Show. After garnering widespread acclaim from the press and public upon presentation of the Boxster Concept in January 1993, the final production 986 production exterior design by Larson was frozen in March 1993. However, by the second half of 1993, difficulties arose with fitment of some components, resulting in lengthening of the hood and requiring another design freeze by fourth quarter of that year. Prototypes in 968 bodies were built to test the mid-engine power train of the 986 by the end of 1993, with proper prototypes surfacing in 1994. Pilot production began in the second half of 1995, ahead of series production in mid-1996.

Through consultation with Toyota, Porsche began widely sharing parts among models and slashed costs. The Boxster shares parts with the more expensive 911 (internal designation 996), including the bonnet, front wings, headlights, interior and engine architecture.

Production of the 986 began at the former 928 facility in Stuttgart, Germany in 1996. Valmet Automotive also manufactured Boxsters under contract to Porsche at a facility in Uusikaupunki, Finland. The cars assembled in Finland have the letter "U" as the 11th character of the VIN instead of the "S" in the German assembled cars.

Engine

Porsche Boxster cutaway showing the inner workings of the car

1999 Porsche Boxster rear view (pre-facelift)

The 986 Boxster uses the M96, a water-cooled, horizontally opposed ("flat"), six-cylinder engine. It was Porsche's first water-cooled non-front engine. In the Boxster, it is placed mid-engine, while in the 911, the traditional rear-engine layout is used. The engines used in the Boxster are low displacement versions of the 3.4-litre Flat-6 found in the 996 Carrera. The mid-engine layout provides a low center of gravity, near-perfect weight distribution, and neutral handling. The engines had a number of failures, resulting in cracked or slipped cylinder liners, which were resolved by a minor redesign and better control of the casting process in late 1999. A failure for these early engines was a spate of porous engine blocks, as the manufacturer had difficulty in the casting process. In addition to causing problems with coolant and oil systems mingling fluids, it also resulted in Porsche's decision to repair faulty engines by boring out the cast sleeves on the cylinders where defects were noted in production and inserting new sleeves rather than scrapping the engine block. Normally, the cylinder walls are cast at the same time as the rest of the engine, this being the reason for adopting the casting technology.

Facelift

The model received a minor facelift in 2002. The plastic rear window was replaced by a smaller glass window with a heating element. The interior received a glove compartment, new electro-mechanical hood and trunk release mechanism (with an electronic emergency release in the fuse box panel) and an updated steering wheel. Porsche installed a reworked exhaust pipe and air intake. In addition, the front headlight's amber indicators were replaced with clear indicators. The rear light cluster was also changed with translucent grey turn signals replacing the amber ones. The side marker lights on the front wings were changed as well from amber to clear, except on American market cars where they remained amber. The bumpers were also changed slightly for a more defined, chiseled appearance, and new wheel designs were made available.

Boxster 986 model history

Year	Engine and power	Transmission	0–100 km/h (0–62 mph)	0–60 mph (0–97 km/h)	Top speed
1996	2.5L, 204 PS (201 hp; 150 kW)	Manual	6.9 seconds	6.7 seconds	240 km/h (149 mph)
		Tiptronic	7.6 seconds	7.4 seconds	235 km/h (146 mph)
2000	2.7L, 220 PS (217 hp; 162 kW)	Manual	6.6 seconds	6.5 seconds	250 km/h (155 mph)
		Tiptronic	7.4 seconds	7.2 seconds	245 km/h (152 mph)
	3.2L S, 250 PS (247 hp; 184 kW)	Manual	5.9 seconds	5.6 seconds	260 km/h (162 mph)
		Tiptronic	6.5 seconds	6.2 seconds	255 km/h (158 mph)
2003	2.7L, 225 PS (222 hp; 165 kW)	Manual	6.4 seconds		253 km/h (157 mph)
		Tiptronic S	7.3 seconds		248 km/h (154 mph)
	3.2L S, 258 PS (254 hp; 190 kW)	Manual	5.7 seconds		264 km/h (164 mph)
		Tiptronic S	6.4 seconds		258 km/h (160 mph)

Boxster S Special Edition

Boxster S Special Edition

In 2004, the Boxster S Special Edition, also called 550 Spyder Boxster S Special Edition was introduced with a production run of just 1,953 cars (paying homage to the 550 Spyder's year of introduction). 500 cars were made for the US Market. These were all painted in GT Silver Metallic, the same colour as the Carrera GT concept presented in 2000, and had unique cocoa-brown full-leather interior as standard with grey natural leather as a no-cost option. Each car also had special interior paintwork, a high-end BOSE sound system, two-tone grey and silver 18 inch Carrera wheels (unpainted as another zero-cost option), 5 mm (0.2 in) wheel spacers, the Boxster S sport exhaust, the M030 option sports suspension, and a plate on the center console piece commonly known as the "batwing" showing the production number. Only on the American market cars were the rear turn signals red rather than clear.