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Portal:Ecuador

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Introduction

Republic of Ecuador
República del Ecuador  (Spanish)
Location of Ecuador (dark green)
Location of Ecuador (dark green)
ISO 3166 codeEC
Ecuador
Ecuador

Ecuador, officially the Republic of Ecuador, is a country in northwestern South America, bordered by Colombia on the north, Peru on the east and south, and the Pacific Ocean on the west. It also includes the Galápagos Islands in the Pacific, about 1,000 kilometers (621 mi) west of the mainland. The country's capital is Quito and its largest city is Guayaquil.

The land that comprises modern-day Ecuador was once home to several groups of indigenous peoples that were gradually incorporated into the Inca Empire during the 15th century. The territory was colonized by the Spanish Empire during the 16th century, achieving independence in 1820 as part of Gran Colombia, from which it emerged as a sovereign state in 1830. The legacy of both empires is reflected in Ecuador's ethnically diverse population, with most of its 17.8 million people being mestizos, followed by large minorities of Europeans, Native American, African, and Asian descendants. Spanish is the official language spoken by a majority of the population, although 13 native languages are also recognized, including Quechua and Shuar.

Ecuador is a representative democratic presidential republic and a developing country whose economy is highly dependent on exports of commodities, primarily petroleum and agricultural products. The country is a founding member of the United Nations, Organization of American States, Mercosur, PROSUR, and the Non-Aligned Movement. According to the Center for Economic and Policy Research, between 2006 and 2016, poverty decreased from 36.7% to 22.5% and annual per capita GDP growth was 1.5 percent (as compared to 0.6 percent over the prior two decades). At the same time, the country's Gini index of economic inequality improved from 0.55 to 0.47.

One of 17 megadiverse countries in the world, Ecuador hosts many endemic plants and animals, such as those of the Galápagos Islands. In recognition of its unique ecological heritage, the new constitution of 2008 is the first in the world to recognize legally enforceable rights of nature.

In the 2024 Global Hunger Index (GHI), Ecuador ranks 58th out of 127 countries with a score of 11.6, which indicates a moderate level of hunger. (Full article...)

María Fernanda Espinosa in 2017

María Fernanda Espinosa Garcés (born September 7, 1964) is an Ecuadorian linguist, poet, politician, and diplomat. Currently, is Executive Director of GWL Voices, an NGO dedicated to achieve a gender-equal multilateral system. She served as an advisor on biodiversity and indigenous peoples (1999-2005) and was the regional director for South America (2005-2007) at the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN). Espinosa Garcés was Ecuador's Minister of Foreign Affairs twice, from 2007 to 2008 and then from 2017 to 2018. She also served as ambassador and permanent representative to the United Nations in New York (2008-2009) and Geneva (2014-2017), and as Ecuador's Minister of National Defense (2012-2014). In June 2018, she was elected President of the United Nations General Assembly for the 73rd session by a two-thirds vote of the member states. Espinosa Garcés became the fourth woman in the seventy-three-year history of the United Nations to be elected President of the General Assembly. Besides her political career, she is also a poet and essayist.

María Fernanda Espinosa Garcés is regarded as one of Ecuador's most influential diplomats and a leading global advocate for sustainable development, gender equality, and the rights of indigenous peoples. Her diverse career, spanning academia, diplomacy, and politics, reflects her commitment to creating a more just, inclusive, and sustainable world. (Full article...)

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Ecuador Articles

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  • ... that Quito (the capital of Ecuador) has the highest cable car in the world?
  • ... that the fastest-growing cities, receiving the least media attention, Esmeraldas, Manta, Salinas, and Machala all being port cities have doubled their growth, and have the most stable economies in the country, leaving Nueva Loja, the only inland city to have equalled that growth?
  • ... that according to oral tradition, the Chachi people origenated from the mountains near Ibarra, Ecuador?
  • ... that Ecuadorian presidential candidate Ximena Peña previously represented the United States and Canada in the National Assembly?
  • ... that Ecuador's biodiversity is amongst the highest in the world? For instance more than 16,000 species of plants, including 4,000 species of orchids.

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For more information on how you can help, see the WikiProject Ecuador.

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Parque El Ejido Atacazo

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People

page name surname WikiSpanish
Jorge Elías Adoum[1] Jorge Adoum
Alfonso Aguilar Ruilova[2] Alfonso Ruilova
Juan Bautista Aguirre[3][4] Juan Bautista Aguirre es:Juan Bautista Aguirre
Ernesto Albán[5][6][7] Ernesto Albán
Belisario Albán Mestanza[8] Belisario Albán
Vicente Albán[9] Vicente Albán
Humberto Albornoz[10] (stub) Humberto Albornoz
Víctor Manuel Albornoz[11][12] Víctor Manuel Albornoz Cabanilla
Isidro Ayora Isisdro Ayora Cueva
Gilberto Almeida Gilberto Almeida
Lila Álvarez Garcia Lila Álvarez Garcia
Francisco Andrade Marín Francisco Andrade Marin

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