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Spermestes

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Spermestes
Bronze mannikin (Spermestes cucullata)
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Aves
Order: Passeriformes
Family: Estrildidae
Genus: Spermestes
Swainson, 1837
Type species
Spermestes cucullata
bronze mannikin
Swainson, 1837
Species

See text

Spermestes is a genus of small seed-eating birds in the family Estrildidae. They are distributed across Sub-Saharan Africa.

Taxonomy

[edit]

The genus Spermestes was introduced in 1837 by the English naturalist William John Swainson to accommodate the bronze mannikin.[1] The name combines the Ancient Greek sperma meaning "seed" and -estēs meaning "-eater".[2]

Based on the results of a molecular phylogenetic study published in 2020, this genus was resurrected for a clade of species that were formerly assigned to the genera Lonchura and Odontospiza.[3][4]

Species

[edit]

The genus contains four species:[4]

Genus Spermestes Swainson, 1837 – four species
Common name Scientific name and subspecies Range Size and ecology IUCN status and estimated population
Grey-headed silverbill

Spermestes griseicapilla
(Delacour, 1943)
eastern Africa
Map of range
Size:

Habitat:

Diet:
 LC 


Bronze mannikin

Spermestes cucullata
Swainson, 1837

Two subspecies
Africa south of the Sahara Desert
Map of range
Size:

Habitat:

Diet:
 LC 


Magpie mannikin

Spermestes fringilloides
(Lafresnaye, 1835)
Sub-Saharan Africa Size:

Habitat:

Diet:
 LC 


Black-and-white mannikin

Spermestes bicolor
(Fraser, 1843)

Four subspecies
  • S. b. bicolor (Fraser, 1843)
  • S. b. poensis (Fraser, 1843)
  • S. b. woltersi (Schouteden, 1956)
  • S. b. nigriceps Cassin, 1852
African tropical rainforest
Map of range
Size:

Habitat:

Diet:
 LC 




References

[edit]
  1. ^ Swainson, William John (1837). On the Natural History and Classification of Birds. Vol. 2. London: John Taylor. p. 280.
  2. ^ Jobling, James A. (2010). The Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names. London: Christopher Helm. p. 361. ISBN 978-1-4081-2501-4.
  3. ^ Olsson, Urban; Alström, Per (2020). "A comprehensive phylogeny and taxonomic evaluation of the waxbills (Aves: Estrildidae)". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 146: 106757. Bibcode:2020MolPE.14606757O. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2020.106757. PMID 32028027.
  4. ^ a b Gill, Frank; Donsker, David; Rasmussen, Pamela, eds. (January 2023). "Waxbills, parrotfinches, munias, whydahs, Olive Warbler, accentors, pipits". IOC World Bird List Version 13.1. International Ornithologists' Union. Retrieved 10 February 2023.










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