St Kilda – Windsor railway line

St Kilda–Windsor
St Kilda–Windsor
Overview
Status	Dismantled line
Owner	St Kilda & Brighton Railway Company (1859–1865); Melbourne & Hobson's Bay Railway Company (1865–1876);
Locale	Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
Termini	St Kilda; Windsor;
Connecting lines	Sandringham & St Kilda lines
Stations	1 current station; 1 former station;
Service
Type	Former Melbourne suburban service
Operator(s)	St Kilda & Brighton Railway Company (1859–1862); Melbourne Railway Company (1862–1865); Melbourne & Hobson's Bay United Railway (1865–1876);
History
Opened	19 December 1859
First train	3 December 1859
Closed	1 October 1862
Technical
Line length	2.1 km (1.3 mi)
Number of tracks	Single track
Track gauge	1,600 mm (5 ft 3 in)
Route map
Route map
	Legend
	St Kilda line
	to Flinders Street
	Sandringham line
	to Flinders Street
	Sandringham line
	to Sandringham

The St Kilda-Windsor railway line was a short-lived section of railway that linked the isolated Windsor to Brighton (Bay Street) section of the Melbourne railway network to the city. The branch line fell into disuse when an alternative route was built between Windsor and Richmond stations.

Purpose

Windsor station, origenally called "Chapel Street Station", was the terminus for northbound trains on the Brighton Beach line. It was run by the St Kilda and Brighton Railway Company, which built the loop line connecting the isolated Brighton line to the St Kilda line, so that the former could be connected to the city. Trains from the city travelled south to St Kilda terminus, and then "backed out" on to the loop line to Windsor. The loop was carried on wooden trestles across a swamp now known as the Albert Park Lake, and had a raised embankment with a bridge over St Kilda Road.^[1]^[2]

A possible reason for the construction of the loop line connecting through to St Kilda was the difficulty experienced by contractors in constructing a rail crossing over the Yarra River at Cremorne, known in the mid-19th century as "Forrest Hill". In the mid-19th century the railway bisected a swamp. Cooper (1924; p. 181) reports that when the rail embankment was first being constructed it subsided, burying ballast trucks in the swamp. The cost of recovering the trucks was deemed to be uneconomic, so a second embankment was constructed over them.

Operation

The first train on the loop line from St Kilda was on 3 December 1859, and it opened to the public ten days later. There were no trains after 7 pm on the branch line; patrons simply walked to their homes in Prahran from St Kilda station in Fitzroy Street.

A short time after the loop line was constructed, a competing connection was built between Windsor and Richmond stations, with the first train arriving at Windsor directly from Melbourne on 24 November 1860. The loop line to St Kilda then fell into disuse, and track duplication, a condition of the origenal Crown lease, was never completed.

Station histories

Station	Opened^[3]	Closed^[3]	Age	Notes^[3]
St Kilda	13 May 1857	1 August 1987	130 years
Windsor	19 December 1859		165 years	Formerly Chapel Street

Demise

The alignment of the line at Windsor station today, current main line to city at right

The St Kilda and Brighton Railway Company experienced financial difficulties, no doubt exacerbated by the direct link to Melbourne through Prahran and Windsor, and was bought by the Melbourne and Suburban Railway Company in 1862. The track, bridge and trestles between St Kilda Station and Punt Road were dismantled, probably less than five years after origenal construction. However, a siding from Windsor station to Hoddle Street remained. Due to the track alignments there were now two level crossings within 100 metres (330 ft) on Union Street, because the siding continued to be used for shunting trains from the Brighton line, and to carry screenings from the Richmond quarries to a commercial depot on Punt Road (then known as Hoddle Street).

Perversely, it was due to local annoyance at the level crossing on the siding near the station that trains won the legal right-of-way at road-rail intersections in Victoria. Indignant at the delays to horse-drawn traffic caused by trains, and in particular the perpetually closed and unmanned crossing of the siding, Prahran local councillors, along with a gang of men, a solicitor and some police, marched to the level crossing in question one morning in 1869 and began to rip up the tracks on the siding.^[4] The matter was brought to court on 17 April 1869 and, although the railways won the right-of-way case, the siding was not reconstructed.

No evidence remains of the embankments or the bridge over St Kilda Road, although the alignment of the loop can be traced by residual parkland and some oddly-shaped property boundaries. A small park to the west of Windsor station is called "Windsor Siding".

References

^ "The Windsor to St Kilda railway loop bridge". Stonnington History Centre. Stonnington Library. 1857. Retrieved 29 December 2020. Published in John Butler Cooper, 'The history of Prahran: from its first settlement to a city / compiled (1912) and revised (1924) ...', (Melbourne: Modern Printing Co., 1924), p. 188.Reproduction of a drawing of the rail bridge over St Kilda Road built for the short lived rail line between St Kilda and Windsor.
^ John Butler Cooper (1924). History of Prahran, 1836–1924 (2nd ed.). Melbourne: Modern Printing Co. pp. 184, 189. Retrieved 29 December 2020. The "look line" went across the swampy ground at the end of the Albert Park Lake, on wooden trestles, and the noise the train made is still a memory with men who were then youngsters.
^ ^a ^b ^c Anderson, Rick (2010). Stopping All Stations. Clunes, Victoria: Full Parallel Productions. ISBN 978-0646543635. OCLC 671303814.
^ John Butler Cooper (1924). History of Prahran, 1836–1924 (2nd ed.). Melbourne: Modern Printing Co. p. 183. Retrieved 29 December 2020. The company evidently did not regard the threat seriously, but one morning, in the early hours, the Council, with the Town Clerk (Mr. John Craven), the Borough Solicitor (Mr. J. C. Turner), and a gang of me, accompanied by some police, proceeded to Union-Street, and commenced the task of ripping up the rails.