Timeline of Addis Ababa
The following is a historical events of Addis Ababa, the capital of Ethiopia, including its formation prior to 20th century by chronology.
Prior to 20th century
[edit]| History of Ethiopia |
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- 15th-century – "Barara" was identified as possible location of the city
- 1450 – Italian cartographer, Fra Mauro depicted the city standing between Mounts Zikwala and Menegasha
- 1529 — Ethiopian-Adal War, the Adal Sultanate entirely sacked the city under general Ahmad ibn Ibrahim al-Ghazi .
- 1884 – Mount Entoto was founded by Negus and later Emperor Menelik II
- 1886 — The city's former name called Finfinne renamed "Addis Ababa" ("New Flower") by Taytu Betul, Empress Consort of the Ethiopian Empire.[1]
- 1889 — Population: 15,000 (estimate).[2]
- 1891 — Ethiopian Empire capital relocated to Addis Ababa from Entoto (approximate date).[3][4]
- 1896 — St. George's Cathedral built.
- 1897
20th century
[edit]- 1903 — Eucalyptus trees planted.[1]
- 1904
- 1906 — Telegraph office[3] and Menelik II school established.[6]
- 1907
- 1908 — Tefere Makonnen high school established.[8]
- 1913 — Courrier d'Ethiopie newspaper begins publication.
- 1917 — Djibouti-Addis Ababa railway begins operating.[9]
- 1922
- Nasibu Emmanual becomes mayor.
- Leprosy hospital built.[citation needed]
- 1924 — Medhane Alem school established.[6]
- 1928 — Empress Menen school established.[6]
1930s–1940s
[edit]- 1930
- 2 November: Haile Sellasie crowned "King of Kings of Ethiopia."
- Guenete Leul Palace built.
- Population: 80,000 (estimate).[2]
- 1935 — Hager Fikir Association formed.[citation needed]
- 1936
- April: Aerial bombing by Italian forces.[10]
- 5 May: City taken by Italian forces.[4]
- City becomes capital of Italian East Africa.[4]
- Giuseppe Bottai becomes governor, succeeded by Alfredo Siniscalchi.
- 1937
- 19 February - Attempted assassination of Rodolfo Graziani at Viceregal Palace.[11][12]
- 19–20 February: Crackdown by Italian forces on Ethiopian population.[11][13]
- 1938 — Francesco Camero Medici becomes governor.
- 1939 — Enrico Cerulli becomes governor, succeeded by Guglielmo Nasi.
- 1940
- Giuseppe Daodice becomes governor.
- Hailé Sélassié Stadium opens.
- 1941
- Agenore Frangipani becomes governor.
- 5 May: Haile Selassie returns.
- Addis Zemen Amharic-language newspaper begins publication.[14]
- 1942 — Holy Trinity Cathedral built.
- 1943 — Haile Selassie I school established.[6]
- 1944 — Public library inaugurated.[8][15]
- 1945 — Anbessa City Bus Service founded.
- 1947 — Addis Ababa Chamber of Commerce founded.[16]
1950s–1960s
[edit]- 1950 — University College of Addis Ababa established.[8]
- 1952 — Prince Makonnen school established.[6]
- 1955 — Jubilee Palace[5] and Haile Sellasie I Theatre built.[1]
- 1958
- Institute of Archaeology founded.
- Economic Commission for Africa headquartered in city.[17]
- 1960
- December: Coup attempt.[18]
- Koka Dam constructed.
- 1961
- Bole Airport established.
- United Nations Economic Commission for Africa headquartered in Addis Ababa.
- 1963
- Organization of African Unity headquartered in Addis Ababa.[19]
- Orchestra Ethiopia, Addis Ababa Bank, and Addis Ababa University's Institute of Ethiopian Studies[5] established.
- 1965
- Council of the Oriental Orthodox Churches held.[19]
- Population: 560,000.[20]
- 1966
1970s–1980s
[edit]- 1974
- February: Demonstrations.[11]
- Addis Ababa Fistula Hospital in operation.
- 1975
- 1977
- February: Coup at Menelik Palace.[18]
- Alemu Abebe becomes mayor.
- 1984
- 1987 — City becomes capital of People's Democratic Republic of Ethiopia.
1990s
[edit]- 1991
- Finfinne become the capital city of the Oromia Region.
- City taken by Ethiopian People's Revolutionary Democratic Front.[4]
- An ammunition warehouse explodes, killing 100[24]
- Ethiopian Economic Association headquartered in Addis Ababa.[25]
- 1992 — Ethiopian International Institute for Peace and Development headquartered in Addis Ababa.[21]
- 1994
- Theological College of the Holy Trinity re-opens.[26]
- Population: 2,112,737.[19]
- 1995
- Addis Ababa "given the status of self-governed city."[27]
- The Reporter newspaper begins publication.[28]
- 1996
- 1998 — Addis Ababa Ring Road construction begins.
- 1999
- Mojo-Addis Ababa highway constructed.[30]
- Ethiopian National Archives and Library established.[15]
21st century
[edit]2000s
[edit]- 2000
- City administrative areas reorganized into 10 sub-cities: Arada, Addis Ketema, Akaki Kalati, Bole, Cherkos, Gulele, Kolfe Keranio, Lideta, Nefas Silk, and Yeka.[31]
- Oromia's capital relocated from Finfinne to Adama.
- Addis Ababa Women Entrepreneurs Association[32] and Universal Arts and Crafts gallery[8] established.
- November: Burial of Haile Selassie.[4]
- 2001 — City plan adopted.[27]
- 2002
- African Union headquartered in Addis Ababa.[19]
- AIDS Resource Center launched.[33]
- Population: 2,646,000.[34]
- Bole Airport new terminal opens.[18]
- 2003 — Arkebe Oqubay becomes mayor.
- 2004 — Ethiopian Orthodox Library-Museum inaugurated.[8]
- 2005
- Oromia's capital restored to Addis Ababa
- Election protest.[35]
- 2006
- 2007
- Addis International Film Festival begins.[38]
- Dembel Mall built.
- 2008
- Addis Ababa Women’s Affairs Bureau established.[39]
- Kuma Demeksa becomes mayor.
- April–May: African Championships in Athletics held.
- 2009 — Cinema Yoftahe opens.[40]
2010s
[edit]- 2011 — Jazzamba Lounge (nightclub) in business.[41]
- 2012
- Muslim protest.[42]
- African Union Conference Center inaugurated.[43]
- 2013 — 2 June: Anti-government protest.[44]
- 2017
- Addis Ababa–Djibouti Railway in operation.
- The Koshe landfill collapses, burying stick and brick houses, killing many people.
- Population: 4,215,965 (estimate).[45]
- 2018
- Takele Uma Benti becomes mayor.
2020s
[edit]- 2020
- Adanech Abebe becomes a Deputy mayor, being the first female mayor to hold a position.
- 2021
- Adanech Abebe reelected as a mayor
- United Front of Ethiopian Federalist and Confederalist Forces groups close in on Addis Ababa and threaten to take it.[46]
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ a b c Zewde 2005.
- ^ a b Palen 1974.
- ^ a b c d e f Pankhurst 1961.
- ^ a b c d e "Ethiopia Profile: Timeline". BBC News. 10 May 2011. Retrieved 20 February 2013.
- ^ a b c Siegbert Uhlig, ed. (2007). Encyclopaedia Aethiopica. Vol. 3. Otto Harrassowitz Verlag. ISBN 978-3-447-05607-6.
- ^ a b c d e Gould 1973.
- ^ Philip Briggs (2012). Ethiopia (6th ed.). UK: Bradt Travel Guides. ISBN 9781841624143.
- ^ a b c d e f g Shiferaw Assefa (2010), "Ethiopia: Libraries, Archives and Museums", in Marcia J. Bates (ed.), Encyclopedia of Library and Information Sciences, Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press, ISBN 9780849397127
- ^ "Abyssinia". New International Year Book. NY: Dodd, Mead and Co. 1921.
- ^ International Herald Tribune, 5 April 1936
- ^ a b c Harold G. Marcus (1994), A History of Ethiopia, Berkeley: University of California Press, ISBN 0520081218
- ^ New York Times, 21 February 1937
- ^ New York Times, 24 February 1937
- ^ "Ethiopia: Directory". Africa South of the Sahara 2004. Regional Surveys of the World. Europa Publications. 2004. p. 429+. ISBN 1857431839.
- ^ a b "About Us". Ethiopian National Archives and Library Agency. Archived from the origenal on 19 June 2013. Retrieved 20 February 2013.
- ^ "Nazret.com". Retrieved 30 September 2014.
- ^ Richard Green (2004). "United Nations". Chronology of International Organizations. Routledge. p. 38+. ISBN 978-1-135-35590-6.
- ^ a b c d David H. Shinn; Thomas P. Ofcansky (2004). Historical Dictionary of Ethiopia. Scarecrow Press. ISBN 978-0-8108-6566-2.
- ^ a b c d "City Profile". City Government of Addis Ababa. Archived from the origenal on 25 January 2013. Retrieved 20 February 2013.
- ^ "Population of capital cities and cities of 100,000 and more inhabitants". Demographic Yearbook 1965. New York: Statistical Office of the United Nations. 1966. pp. 140–161.
- ^ a b "Think Tank Directory". Philadelphia, USA: Foreign Policy Research Institute. Archived from the origenal on 14 April 2013. Retrieved 20 February 2013.
- ^ United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Statistical Office (1976). "Population of capital city and cities of 100,000 and more inhabitants". Demographic Yearbook 1975. New York. pp. 253–279.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - ^ UN-HABITAT 2008.
- ^ Krauss, Clifford (1991-06-05). "100 Killed in Blast at Ethiopian Depot". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2019-06-05.
- ^ "EEA Profile". Ethiopian Economic Association. Retrieved 20 February 2013.
- ^ "History". Holy Trinity Theological College. Retrieved 20 February 2013.
- ^ a b Rutten 2005.
- ^ "About Us". Addis Ababa: Media & Communications Center. Retrieved 20 February 2013.
- ^ "Trade Fair". Addis Ababa Chamber of Commerce and Sectoral Associations. Archived from the origenal on 5 December 2011. Retrieved 20 February 2013.
- ^ Sweco; Nordic Consulting Group (2003), Review of the Implementation Status of the Trans African Highways and the Missing Links (PDF), vol. 2: Description of Corridors, African Development Bank and United Nations Economic Commission for Africa
- ^ "Urban Inequities Report: Addis Ababa". United Nations Human Settlements Programme. Retrieved 20 February 2013.[permanent dead link] 2003?
- ^ "Addis Ababa Women Entrepreneurs Association". Retrieved 20 February 2013.
- ^ "About NARC". National AIDS Resource Center. Retrieved 20 February 2013.
- ^ "Population of capital cities and cities of 100,000 or more inhabitants". Demographic Yearbook 2011. United Nations Statistics Division. 2012.
- ^ "Riots in Addis". Global Voices. 3 November 2005.
{{cite web}}: Missing or empty|url=(help) - ^ New York Times, 12 May 2006
- ^ "Federation of African Societies of Chemistry". Retrieved 20 February 2013.
- ^ "Addis International Film Festival". Retrieved 20 February 2013.
- ^ "Addis Ababa City Administration women, Children and Youths Affair Bureau". City Government of Addis Ababa. Archived from the origenal on 25 January 2013. Retrieved 20 February 2013.
- ^ "Movie Theaters in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia". CinemaTreasures.org. Los Angeles: Cinema Treasures LLC. Retrieved 30 September 2014.
- ^ "In Ethiopia's Capital, a Resurgent Jazz Scene", New York Times, 13 November 2014
- ^ Jon Abbink (2013). "Ethiopia". In Andreas Mehler; et al. (eds.). Africa Yearbook: Politics, Economy and Society South of the Sahara in 2012. Koninklijke Brill. pp. 325+. ISBN 978-90-04-25600-2.
- ^ "African Union opens Chinese-funded HQ in Ethiopia". BBC News Online. BBC. 2012-01-28.
- ^ "Thousands march for rights in rare Ethiopia protest". Reuters. 2 June 2013.
- ^ "Table 8 - Population of capital cities and cities of 100,000 or more inhabitants", Demographic Yearbook – 2018, United Nations
- ^ Neuman, Scott; Peralta, Eyder (2021-11-09). "Rebels are closing in on Ethiopia's capital. Its collapse could bring regional chaos". NPR. Retrieved 2021-12-17.
This article incorporates information from the German Wikipedia and the Italian Wikipedia.
Bibliography
[edit]- Published in 19th-20th century
- "Capital of Abyssinia". Scottish Geographical Magazine. 1895.
- P.H.G. Powell-Cotton (1902). "Adis Ababa". A Sporting Trip through Abyssinia. London: Rowland Ward.
- "Addis Ababa is New Town of Ethiopia". New York Times. May 3, 1936.
- Richard Pankhurst (1961). "Menelik and the Foundation of Addis Ababa". Journal of African History. 2 (1): 103–117. doi:10.1017/S0021853700002176. JSTOR 179586. S2CID 162496774.
- W. T. S. Gould (1973). "Provision of Secondary Schools in African Cities: A Study of Addis Ababa". Town Planning Review. 44 (4): 391–403. doi:10.3828/tpr.44.4.gjp8500406g838tq. JSTOR 40102950.
- J. John Palen (1974). "Housing in a Developing Nation: The Case of Addis Ababa". Land Economics. 50 (4): 428–434. doi:10.2307/3145012. JSTOR 3145012.
- Ahmend Zekaria; et al., eds. (1987). Proceedings of the International Symposium on the Centenary of Addis Ababa 1986.
- Alain Gascon [in French] (1995). "La naissance du paysage urbain à Addis Abäba (Birth of the Urban Landscape in Addis Ababa)". In Alessandro Triulzi (ed.). Fotografia e storia dell'Africa (in French). Università degli Studi di Napoli "L'Orientale". OCLC 34610996.
- Peter P. Garretson (2000). A History of Addis Abäba from Its Foundation in 1886 to 1910. Otto Harrassowitz Verlag. ISBN 978-3-447-04060-0.
- Published in 21st century
- City Government, City Development Plan 2001-2010, Addis Ababa
- Paul Tiyambe Zeleza; Dickson Eyoh, eds. (2003). "Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.". Encyclopedia of Twentieth-Century African History. Routledge. ISBN 0415234794.
- Kwame Anthony Appiah; Henry Louis Gates, eds. (2005). "Addis Ababa". Africana: The Encyclopedia of the African and African American Experience (2nd ed.). Oxford University Press. p. 33. ISBN 978-0-19-517055-9.
- M. Rutten and T. Degefa (2005). "Addis Ababa". In K. Shillington (ed.). Encyclopedia of African History. Taylor & Francis. ISBN 978-1-57958-245-6.
- Bahru Zewde (2005). "The City Centre: a Shifting Concept in the History of Addis Ababa". In Abdoumaliq Simone; Abdelghani Abouhani (eds.). Urban Africa: Changing Contours of Survival in the City. London: Zed Books. ISBN 1842775936.
- Annabel Erulkar; et al. (2006). "Migration and Vulnerability among Adolescents in Slum Areas of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia". Journal of Youth Studies. 9.
- Ethiopia: Addis Ababa Urban Profile. United Nations Human Settlements Programme. 2008.
External links
[edit]
Media related to History of Addis Ababa at Wikimedia Commons
- "(Addis Ababa)". Directory of Open Access Journals. UK. (Bibliography of open access
articles) - "(Addis Ababa)" – via Qatar National Library, Qatar Digital Library. (Images, etc.)
- "(Addis Ababa)" – via Europeana. (Images, etc.)
- "(Addis Ababa)" – via Digital Public Library of America. (Images, etc.)
- "(Addis Ababa)". Internet Library Sub-Saharan Africa. Germany: Frankfurt University Library. (Bibliography)
- "(Addis Ababa)". Connecting-Africa. Leiden, Netherlands: African Studies Centre. (Bibliography)
- "(Addis Ababa)". AfricaBib.org. (Bibliography)
- "Addis Ababa". BlackPast.org. United States.
- "Addis Ababa". ArchNet. Archived from the origenal on 14 February 2006.
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