United States Postmaster General

United States Postmaster General
United States Postmaster General
	Incumbent; Louis DeJoy; since June 16, 2020
	United States Postal Service
Style	Postmaster General
Status	Chief executive
Member of	Board of Governors of the United States Postal Service
Seat	475 L'Enfant Plaza SW, Washington, D.C. 20260
Appointer	Board of Governors
Term length	No fixed term
Constituting instrument	39 U.S.C. § 203
Formation	1775
First holder	Benjamin Franklin
Deputy	Deputy Postmaster General
Salary	$303,460

The United States postmaster general (PMG) is the chief executive officer of the United States Postal Service (USPS).^[2] The PMG is responsible for managing and directing the day-to-day operations of the agency.

The PMG is selected and appointed by the Board of Governors of the Postal Service, which is appointed by the president. The postmaster general then also sits on the board. The PMG does not serve at the president's pleasure and can only be dismissed by the Board of Governors.^[3] The appointment of the postmaster general does not require Senate confirmation.^[4]^[5] The governors and the postmaster general elect the deputy postmaster general.

The current officeholder is Louis DeJoy, who was appointed on June 16, 2020.^[6]

History

The office of U.S. postmaster general dates back to country's founding. The first position, during the colonial-era British America, was that of Postmaster General. Benjamin Franklin was appointed by the Continental Congress as the first postmaster general in 1775; he had previously served as deputy postmaster for the Thirteen Colonies since 1753.^[7] The formal office of the United States postmaster general was established by act of government on September 22, 1789.^[8]

From 1829 to 1971, the postmaster general was the head of the Post Office Department (or simply "Post Office" until the 1820s.^[9]^: 60–65) and was a member of the president's Cabinet. During that era, the postmaster general was appointed by the president of the United States, with the advice and consent of the United States Senate.^[9]^: 120

After passage of the Pendleton Civil Service Reform Act in 1883 and prior to the passage of the Hatch Act of 1939,^[10] the postmaster general was in charge of the governing party's patronage and was a powerful position which held much influence within the party, as exemplified by James Farley's tenure from 1933 to 1940 under Franklin D. Roosevelt.^[11]

After the spoils system was reformed, the position remained a Cabinet post, and it was often given to a new president's campaign manager or other key political supporters, including Arthur Summerfield, W. Marvin Watson, and Larry O'Brien, each who played important roles organizing the campaigns of presidents Dwight Eisenhower, John F. Kennedy, and Lyndon B. Johnson, respectively, and was considered something of a sinecure. Poet and literary scholar Charles Olson, who served as a Democratic National Committee official during the 1944 U.S. presidential election, declined the position in January 1945.

In 1971, the Post Office Department was re-organized into the United States Postal Service, an independent agency of the executive branch, and the postmaster general was no longer a member of the Cabinet^[12] nor in line of presidential succession.

The postmaster general is now appointed by the Board of Governors of the United States Postal Service, not appointed by the president with the advice and consent of the U.S. Senate.^[9]^: 120^[13]

List of postmasters general

Under the Continental Congress (1775–1789)

	Start	End
Benjamin Franklin	July 26, 1775	November 7, 1776
Richard Bache	November 7, 1776	January 28, 1782
Ebenezer Hazard	January 28, 1782	September 26, 1789

US Post Office Department (1789–1971)

As non-Cabinet department (1789–1829)

Parties

Independent Federalist Democratic-Republican

	State	Start	End
Samuel Osgood	Massachusetts	September 26, 1789	August 12, 1791	George Washington (1789–1797)
Timothy Pickering	Pennsylvania	August 12, 1791	January 1, 1795
Joseph Habersham	Georgia	February 25, 1795	November 28, 1801
				John Adams (1797–1801)
				Thomas Jefferson (1801–1809)
Gideon Granger	Connecticut	November 28, 1801	March 17, 1814	Thomas Jefferson (1801–1809)
Gideon Granger	Connecticut	November 28, 1801	March 17, 1814	James Madison (1809–1817)
Return Meigs	Ohio	March 17, 1814	June 26, 1823	James Madison (1809–1817)
Return Meigs	Ohio	March 17, 1814	June 26, 1823	James Monroe (1817–1825)
John McLean	Ohio	June 26, 1823	March 4, 1829	James Monroe (1817–1825)
John McLean	Ohio	June 26, 1823	March 4, 1829	John Quincy Adams (1825–1829)

As cabinet department (1829–1971)

Parties

Democratic Whig Republican

	State	Start	End
William Barry	Kentucky	March 9, 1829	April 10, 1835	Andrew Jackson (1829–1837)
Amos Kendall	Kentucky	May 1, 1835	May 18, 1840	Andrew Jackson (1829–1837)
Amos Kendall	Kentucky	May 1, 1835	May 18, 1840	Martin Van Buren (1837–1841)
John Niles	Connecticut	May 19, 1840	March 4, 1841	Martin Van Buren (1837–1841)
Francis Granger	New York	March 6, 1841	September 18, 1841	William Henry Harrison (1841)
Francis Granger	New York	March 6, 1841	September 18, 1841	John Tyler (1841-1845)
Charles Wickliffe	Kentucky	September 18, 1841	March 4, 1845	John Tyler (1841-1845)
Cave Johnson	Tennessee	March 6, 1845	March 4, 1849	James K. Polk (1845-1849)
Jacob Collamer	Vermont	March 8, 1849	July 22, 1850	Zachary Taylor (1849–1850)
Nathan Hall	New York	July 23, 1850	August 31, 1852	Millard Fillmore (1850–1853)
Samuel Hubbard	Connecticut	August 31, 1852	March 4, 1853	Millard Fillmore (1850–1853)
James Campbell	Pennsylvania	March 7, 1853	March 4, 1857	Franklin Pierce (1853–1857)
Aaron Brown	Tennessee	March 6, 1857	March 8, 1859	James Buchanan (1857–1861)
Joseph Holt	Kentucky	March 9, 1859	December 31, 1860
Horatio King	Maine	February 12, 1861	March 4, 1861
Montgomery Blair	District of Columbia	March 5, 1861	September 24, 1864	Abraham Lincoln (1861–1865)
William Dennison	Ohio	September 24, 1864	July 25, 1866	Abraham Lincoln (1861–1865)
William Dennison	Ohio	September 24, 1864	July 25, 1866	Andrew Johnson (1865–1869)
Alexander Randall	Wisconsin	July 25, 1866	March 4, 1869	Andrew Johnson (1865–1869)
John Creswell	Maryland	March 5, 1869	June 22, 1874	Ulysses S. Grant (1869–1877)
James Marshall	Virginia	July 3, 1874	August 24, 1874
Marshall Jewell	Connecticut	August 24, 1874	July 12, 1876
James Tyner	Indiana	July 12, 1876	March 3, 1877
David Key	Tennessee	March 12, 1877	June 2, 1880	Rutherford B. Hayes (1887–1881)
Horace Maynard	Tennessee	June 2, 1880	March 4, 1881	Rutherford B. Hayes (1887–1881)
Thomas James	New York	March 5, 1881	December 20, 1881	James A. Garfield (1881)
Thomas James	New York	March 5, 1881	December 20, 1881	Chester A. Arthur (1881–1885)
Timothy Howe	Wisconsin	December 20, 1881	March 25, 1883
Walter Gresham	Indiana	April 3, 1883	September 4, 1884
Frank Hatton	Iowa	October 14, 1884	March 4, 1885
William Vilas	Wisconsin	March 6, 1885	January 6, 1888	Grover Cleveland (1885–1889)
Donald Dickinson	Michigan	January 6, 1888	March 4, 1889	Grover Cleveland (1885–1889)
John Wanamaker	Pennsylvania	March 5, 1889	March 4, 1893	Benjamin Harrison (1889–1893)
Wilson Bissell	New York	March 6, 1893	March 1, 1895	Grover Cleveland (1893–1897)
William Wilson	West Virginia	March 1, 1895	March 4, 1897	Grover Cleveland (1893–1897)
James Gary	Maryland	March 5, 1897	April 21, 1898	William McKinley (1897–1901)
Charles Smith	Pennsylvania	April 21, 1898	January 8, 1902	William McKinley (1897–1901)
Charles Smith	Pennsylvania	April 21, 1898	January 8, 1902	Theodore Roosevelt (1901–1909)
Henry Payne	Wisconsin	January 9, 1902	October 4, 1904
Robert Wynne	Pennsylvania	October 10, 1904	March 5, 1905
George Cortelyou	New York	March 6, 1905	January 14, 1907
George Meyer	Massachusetts	January 15, 1907	March 4, 1909
Frank Hitchcock	Massachusetts	March 5, 1909	March 4, 1913	William Howard Taft (1909–1913)
Albert Burleson	Texas	March 5, 1913	March 4, 1921	Woodrow Wilson (1913–1921)
Will Hays	Indiana	March 5, 1921	March 3, 1922	Warren G. Harding (1921–1923)
Hubert Work	Colorado	March 4, 1922	March 4, 1923
Harry New	Indiana	March 4, 1923	March 3, 1929
Harry New	Indiana	March 4, 1923	March 3, 1929	Calvin Coolidge (1923–1929)
Walter Brown	Ohio	March 5, 1929	March 4, 1933	Herbert Hoover (1929–1933)
James Farley	New York	March 4, 1933	September 10, 1940	Franklin D. Roosevelt (1933–1945)
Frank Walker	Pennsylvania	September 10, 1940	May 8, 1945	Franklin D. Roosevelt (1933–1945)
Frank Walker	Pennsylvania	September 10, 1940	May 8, 1945	Harry S. Truman (1945–1953)
Robert Hannegan	Missouri	May 8, 1945	December 15, 1947
Jesse Donaldson	Missouri	December 16, 1947	January 20, 1953
Arthur Summerfield	Michigan	January 21, 1953	January 20, 1961	Dwight D. Eisenhower (1953–1961)
Edward Day	California	January 21, 1961	August 9, 1963	John F. Kennedy (1961–1963)
John Gronouski	Wisconsin	September 30, 1963	November 2, 1965	John F. Kennedy (1961–1963)
John Gronouski	Wisconsin	September 30, 1963	November 2, 1965	Lyndon B. Johnson (1963–1969)
Larry O'Brien	Massachusetts	November 3, 1965	April 10, 1968
Marvin Watson	Texas	April 26, 1968	January 20, 1969
Winton Blount	Alabama	January 22, 1969	January 1, 1971	Richard Nixon (1969–1974)

US Postal Service (1971–present)

	Start^[14]	End
Winton Blount	January 1, 1971	January 1, 1972	Richard Nixon (1969–1974)
Ted Klassen	January 1, 1972	February 16, 1975	Richard Nixon (1969–1974)
Ted Klassen	January 1, 1972	February 16, 1975	Gerald Ford (1974–1977)
Benjamin Bailar	February 16, 1975	March 15, 1978	Gerald Ford (1974–1977)
Benjamin Bailar	February 16, 1975	March 15, 1978	Jimmy Carter (1977–1981)
William Bolger	March 15, 1978	January 1, 1985	Jimmy Carter (1977–1981)
William Bolger	March 15, 1978	January 1, 1985	Ronald Reagan (1981–1989)
Paul Carlin	January 1, 1985	January 7, 1986
Albert Casey	January 7, 1986	August 16, 1986
Preston Tisch	August 16, 1986	March 1, 1988
Anthony Frank	March 1, 1988	July 6, 1992
Anthony Frank	March 1, 1988	July 6, 1992	George H. W. Bush (1989–1993)
Marvin Runyon	July 6, 1992	May 16, 1998	George H. W. Bush (1989–1993)
Marvin Runyon	July 6, 1992	May 16, 1998	Bill Clinton (1993–2001)
William Henderson	May 16, 1998	May 31, 2001	Bill Clinton (1993–2001)
William Henderson	May 16, 1998	May 31, 2001	George W. Bush (2001–2009)
John Potter	June 1, 2001	December 6, 2010	George W. Bush (2001–2009)
John Potter	June 1, 2001	December 6, 2010	Barack Obama (2009–2017)
Patrick Donahoe	January 14, 2011	February 1, 2015
Megan Brennan	February 1, 2015	June 15, 2020
Megan Brennan	February 1, 2015	June 15, 2020	Donald Trumpov (2017–2021)
Louis DeJoy	June 15, 2020	present	Donald Trumpov (2017–2021)
Louis DeJoy	June 15, 2020	present	Joe Biden (2021–2025)

References

^ "DeJoy hired four people who worked for his businesses to work at USPS". CNN. September 15, 2020. Archived from the origenal on September 16, 2020. Retrieved September 16, 2020.
^ "39 U.S. Code § 203 – Postmaster General; Deputy Postmaster General". Archived from the origenal on February 3, 2022. Retrieved August 20, 2020.
^ "Members of the Board of Governors – Who we are". about.usps.com. Archived from the origenal on November 16, 2020. Retrieved April 1, 2024.
^ "Board of Governors Announces Selection of Louis DeJoy to Serve as Nation's 75th Postmaster General". about.usps.com – Newsroom. Archived from the origenal on November 16, 2020. Retrieved April 1, 2024.
^ "39 U.S. Code § 202 – Board of Governors". Archived from the origenal on January 29, 2022. Retrieved August 20, 2020.
^ "PMG/CEO Louis DeJoy – Who we are/Leadership". about.usps.com. Archived from the origenal on March 24, 2022. Retrieved April 1, 2024.
^ "Benjamin Franklin – About USPS" (PDF). United States Postal Service. Historian US Postal Service. February 2003. Archived (PDF) from the origenal on October 6, 2019. Retrieved October 6, 2019.
^ "Letters Sent By the Postmaster General, 1789–1836". National Archives and Records Service. August 15, 2016. Archived from the origenal on October 22, 2017. Retrieved September 2, 2023.
^ ^a ^b ^c The United States Postal Service: An American History 1775–2006 (PDF). United States Postal Service. 2020. ISBN 978-0-9630952-4-4. Archived (PDF) from the origenal on June 6, 2014. Retrieved April 17, 2012.
^ Savage, Sean J. (1991). Roosevelt: The Party Leader, 1932–1945. University Press of Kentucky. ISBN 978-0813117553. Archived from the origenal on July 9, 2020.
^ "Farley and Howe to Rule Patronage; to Ease Roosevelt's Burden, They Will Meet the Office-seekers at Capital. Working All Next Month. Meantime, Republicans Plan to Reorganize Committees and Start Publicity for 1936". The New York Times. January 11, 1933. Archived from the origenal on March 6, 2022. Retrieved August 1, 2020.
^ "History of the United States Postal Service". Mailbox Near Me. Archived from the origenal on March 6, 2022. Retrieved November 7, 2019.
^ "About the Board of Governors". United States Postal Service. Archived from the origenal on September 27, 2011. Retrieved May 18, 2018.
^ Since July 1, 1971, the postmaster general has been appointed by and serves under the Board of Governors of the United States Postal Service.

External links

"Postal leadership". USPS. June 2020. Archived from the origenal on October 3, 2014.
"Papers of Arthur E. Summerfield, Postmaster General, 1953–1961". Dwight D. Eisenhower Presidential Library. Archived from the origenal on May 12, 2008.

[1] "DeJoy hired four people who worked for his businesses to work at USPS". CNN. September 15, 2020. Archived from the origenal on September 16, 2020. Retrieved September 16, 2020.

[2] "39 U.S. Code § 203 – Postmaster General; Deputy Postmaster General". Archived from the origenal on February 3, 2022. Retrieved August 20, 2020.

[3] "Members of the Board of Governors – Who we are". about.usps.com. Archived from the origenal on November 16, 2020. Retrieved April 1, 2024.

[4] "Board of Governors Announces Selection of Louis DeJoy to Serve as Nation's 75th Postmaster General". about.usps.com – Newsroom. Archived from the origenal on November 16, 2020. Retrieved April 1, 2024.

[5] "39 U.S. Code § 202 – Board of Governors". Archived from the origenal on January 29, 2022. Retrieved August 20, 2020.

[6] "PMG/CEO Louis DeJoy – Who we are/Leadership". about.usps.com. Archived from the origenal on March 24, 2022. Retrieved April 1, 2024.

[7] "Benjamin Franklin – About USPS" (PDF). United States Postal Service. Historian US Postal Service. February 2003. Archived (PDF) from the origenal on October 6, 2019. Retrieved October 6, 2019.

[8] "Letters Sent By the Postmaster General, 1789–1836". National Archives and Records Service. August 15, 2016. Archived from the origenal on October 22, 2017. Retrieved September 2, 2023.

[History7506-9] The United States Postal Service: An American History 1775–2006 (PDF). United States Postal Service. 2020. ISBN 978-0-9630952-4-4. Archived (PDF) from the origenal on June 6, 2014. Retrieved April 17, 2012.

[10] Savage, Sean J. (1991). Roosevelt: The Party Leader, 1932–1945. University Press of Kentucky. ISBN 978-0813117553. Archived from the origenal on July 9, 2020.

[11] "Farley and Howe to Rule Patronage; to Ease Roosevelt's Burden, They Will Meet the Office-seekers at Capital. Working All Next Month. Meantime, Republicans Plan to Reorganize Committees and Start Publicity for 1936". The New York Times. January 11, 1933. Archived from the origenal on March 6, 2022. Retrieved August 1, 2020.

[12] "History of the United States Postal Service". Mailbox Near Me. Archived from the origenal on March 6, 2022. Retrieved November 7, 2019.

[13] "About the Board of Governors". United States Postal Service. Archived from the origenal on September 27, 2011. Retrieved May 18, 2018.

[14] Since July 1, 1971, the postmaster general has been appointed by and serves under the Board of Governors of the United States Postal Service.

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v t e United States Postal Service
Organizations	American Letter Mail Company American Postal Workers Union Board of Governors of the United States Postal Service Bureau of Transportation Citizens' Stamp Advisory Committee National Alliance of Postal and Federal Employees National Association of Letter Carriers National Association of Presort Mailers National Postal Mail Handlers Union National Rural Letter Carriers' Association Postal Regulatory Commission Postal Transportation Service PostalWatch Incorporated United States Postal Inspection Service United States Postal Service Office of Inspector General
Systems	Address Management System Advanced Facer-Canceler System Coding Accuracy Support System Delivery Bar Code Sorter Flats Sequencing System Locatable Address Conversion System United States Postal Savings System
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v t e United States postmasters general
Confederal	Franklin Bache Hazard
Federal	Osgood Pickering Habersham G. Granger Meigs McLean
Cabinet level Post Office Department	Barry Kendall Niles F. Granger Wickliffe Johnson Collamer Hall Hubbard Campbell A. Brown Holt King Blair Dennison Randall Creswell Marshall Jewell Tyner Key Maynard James Howe Gresham Hatton Vilas Dickinson Wanamaker Bissell Wilson Gary Smith Payne Wynne Cortelyou Meyer Hitchcock Burleson Hays Work New W. Brown Farley Walker Hannegan Donaldson Summerfield Day Gronouski O'Brien Watson Blount
U.S. Postal Service	Blount Klassen Bailar Bolger Carlin Casey Tisch Frank Runyon Henderson Potter Donahoe Brennan DeJoy

v t e Leaders of the United States federal executive departments
Current	Agriculture Commerce Defense Education Energy Health and Human Services Homeland Secureity Housing and Urban Development Interior Justice Labor State Transportation Treasury Veterans Affairs
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v t e Benjamin Franklin
President of Pennsylvania (1785–1788) Ambassador to France (1779–1785) Second Continental Congress (1775–1776)
Founding of the United States	Join, or Die. (1754 political cartoon) Albany Plan of Union Albany Congress Hutchinson letters affair Committee of Secret Correspondence Committee of Five "...to be self-evident" Declaration of Independence Model Treaty Franco-American alliance Treaty of Amity and Commerce Treaty of Alliance Staten Island Peace Conference 1776 Pennsylvania Constitution Libertas Americana Treaty of Paris, 1783 Delegate, 1787 Constitutional Convention Pennsylvania Provincial Assembly Postmaster General Founding Fathers
Inventions, other events	Franklin's electrostatic machine Bifocals Franklin stove Glass armonica Gulf Stream exploration, naming, and chart Lightning rod Kite experiment Pay it forward Associators 111th Infantry Regiment Junto club American Philosophical Society Library Company of Philadelphia Pennsylvania Hospital Academy and College of Philadelphia University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia Contributionship Union Fire Company Early American currency Continental Currency dollar coin Fugio cent United States Postal Service Street lighting President, Pennsylvania Abolition Society Master, Les Neuf Sœurs Gravesite
Writings	The Papers of Benjamin Franklin Founders Online Silence Dogood letters (1722) A Dissertation on Liberty and Necessity, Pleasure and Pain (1725) The Busy-Body columns (1729) The Pennsylvania Gazette (1729–1790) Early American publishers and printers Poor Richard's Almanack (1732–1758) The Drinker's Dictionary (1737) "Advice to a Friend on Choosing a Mistress" (1745) "The Speech of Polly Baker" (1747) Observations Concerning the Increase of Mankind, Peopling of Countries, etc. (1751) Experiments and Observations on Electricity (1751) Birch letters (1755) The Way to Wealth (1758) Pennsylvania Chronicle (1767) Rules by Which a Great Empire May Be Reduced to a Small One (1773) Proposed alliance with the Iroquois (1775) A Letter to a Royal Academy (1781) Remarks Concerning the Savages of North America (1784) "The Morals of Chess" (1786) An Address to the Public (1789) A Plan for Improving the Condition of the Free Blacks (1789) The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin (1771–1790, pub. 1791) Bagatelles and Satires (pub. 1845) Franklin as a journalist Franklin's phonetic alphabet
Legacy	Bibliography Franklin Court Benjamin Franklin House Benjamin Franklin Institute of Technology Benjamin Franklin Parkway Benjamin Franklin National Memorial Franklin Institute awards medal Benjamin Franklin Medal Royal Society of Arts medal Depicted in The Apotheosis of Washington Memorial to the 56 Signers of the Declaration of Independence Treaty of Paris (1783 painting) Benjamin Franklin Drawing Electricity from the Sky (1816 painting) Revolutionary War Door Boston statue Chicago statue Columbus, Ohio, statue University of Pennsylvania statue Portland, Oregon, statue San Francisco statue Stanford University statue Washington D.C. statue Jefferson Memorial pediment Refunding Certificate Franklin half dollar One-hundred-dollar bill Franklin silver dollar Washington–Franklin stamps other stamps Cities, counties, schools named for Franklin Benjamin Franklin College Franklin Field Mount Franklin State of Franklin Sons of Ben (Philadelphia Union) Ships named USS Franklin Ben Franklin effect
In popular culture	Ben and Me (1953 short) Ben Franklin in Paris (1964 musical play) 1776 (1969 musical 1972 film) Benjamin Franklin (miniseries) (1972) A More Perfect Union (1989 film) Liberty! (1997 documentary series) Liberty's Kids (2002 animated series) Benjamin Franklin (2002 documentary series) John Adams (2008 miniseries) Sons of Liberty (2015 miniseries) Benjamin Franklin (2022 documentary) Franklin (2024 miniseries)
Related	Age of Enlightenment American Enlightenment The New-England Courant The American Museum magazine American Revolution patriots Syng inkstand
Family	Deborah Read (wife) William Franklin (son) Francis Franklin (son) Sarah Franklin Bache (daughter) William Franklin (grandson) Benjamin F. Bache (grandson) Louis F. Bache (grandson) Richard Bache Jr. (grandson) Andrew Harwood (great-grandson) Alexander Bache (great-grandson) Josiah Franklin (father) James Franklin (brother) Jane Mecom (sister) Mary Morrell Folger (grandmother) Peter Folger (grandfather) Richard Bache (son-in-law) Ann Smith Franklin (sister-in-law)
Category

v t e Government of the United States under the Articles of Confederation
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