écouiller
French
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Inherited from Middle French escouiller. Equivalent to é- + couilles + -er.
Verb
[edit]écouiller
Conjugation
[edit]Conjugation of écouiller (see also Appendix:French verbs)
| infinitive | simple | écouiller | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
| present participle or gerund1 | simple | écouillant /e.ku.jɑ̃/ | |||||
| compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
| past participle | écouillé /e.ku.je/ | ||||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | écouille /e.kuj/ |
écouilles /e.kuj/ |
écouille /e.kuj/ |
écouillons /e.ku.jɔ̃/ |
écouillez /e.ku.je/ |
écouillent /e.kuj/ |
| imperfect | écouillais /e.ku.jɛ/ |
écouillais /e.ku.jɛ/ |
écouillait /e.ku.jɛ/ |
écouillions /e.kuj.jɔ̃/ |
écouilliez /e.kuj.je/ |
écouillaient /e.ku.jɛ/ | |
| past historic2 | écouillai /e.ku.je/ |
écouillas /e.ku.ja/ |
écouilla /e.ku.ja/ |
écouillâmes /e.ku.jam/ |
écouillâtes /e.ku.jat/ |
écouillèrent /e.ku.jɛʁ/ | |
| future | écouillerai /e.kuj.ʁe/ |
écouilleras /e.kuj.ʁa/ |
écouillera /e.kuj.ʁa/ |
écouillerons /e.kuj.ʁɔ̃/ |
écouillerez /e.kuj.ʁe/ |
écouilleront /e.kuj.ʁɔ̃/ | |
| conditional | écouillerais /e.kuj.ʁɛ/ |
écouillerais /e.kuj.ʁɛ/ |
écouillerait /e.kuj.ʁɛ/ |
écouillerions /e.ku.jə.ʁjɔ̃/ |
écouilleriez /e.ku.jə.ʁje/ |
écouilleraient /e.kuj.ʁɛ/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | écouille /e.kuj/ |
écouilles /e.kuj/ |
écouille /e.kuj/ |
écouillions /e.kuj.jɔ̃/ |
écouilliez /e.kuj.je/ |
écouillent /e.kuj/ |
| imperfect2 | écouillasse /e.ku.jas/ |
écouillasses /e.ku.jas/ |
écouillât /e.ku.ja/ |
écouillassions /e.ku.ja.sjɔ̃/ |
écouillassiez /e.ku.ja.sje/ |
écouillassent /e.ku.jas/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | – | – | ||||
| simple | — | écouille /e.kuj/ |
— | écouillons /e.ku.jɔ̃/ |
écouillez /e.ku.je/ |
— | |
| compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
| 1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). | |||||||
Further reading
[edit]- “écouiller”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
- Dictionary of Louisiana French: As Spoken in Cajun, Creole, and American Indian Communities (2009; →ISBN; →ISBN)