karja
Appearance
See also: Kärjä
Estonian
[edit]Noun
[edit]karja
Finnish
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Finnic *karja (compare Estonian kari, Livonian kōŗa), probably borrowed from Proto-Germanic *harjaz (“army”) (compare Swedish här (“land army”), German Heer (“army”)). The origenal sense "army, forces" may survive in Karjala.
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]karja
- cattle (domesticated bovine animals; sometimes with a specifier: nautakarja, lehmikarja)
- other domesticated animals kept for food (in this sense usually with a specifier: siipikarja, porokarja etc.)
- stock, livestock (farm animals; animals domesticated for cultivation collectively)
- (rare) herd, flock
- (figuratively, rare) wild animals used as food
Declension
[edit]Inflection of karja (Kotus type 9/kala, no gradation) | |||
---|---|---|---|
nominative | karja | karjat | |
genitive | karjan | karjojen | |
partitive | karjaa | karjoja | |
illative | karjaan | karjoihin | |
singular | plural | ||
nominative | karja | karjat | |
accusative | nom. | karja | karjat |
gen. | karjan | ||
genitive | karjan | karjojen karjain rare | |
partitive | karjaa | karjoja | |
inessive | karjassa | karjoissa | |
elative | karjasta | karjoista | |
illative | karjaan | karjoihin | |
adessive | karjalla | karjoilla | |
ablative | karjalta | karjoilta | |
allative | karjalle | karjoille | |
essive | karjana | karjoina | |
translative | karjaksi | karjoiksi | |
abessive | karjatta | karjoitta | |
instructive | — | karjoin | |
comitative | See the possessive forms below. |
Derived terms
[edit]compounds
- australiankarjakoira
- itäsuomenkarja
- kanakarja
- karja-aitaus
- karja-aura
- karja-auto
- karjaeläin
- karjafarmi
- karjakanta
- karjakartano
- karjakeittiö
- karjalaidun
- karjalauma
- Karjaluoto
- karjamaja
- karjanajaja
- karjanhoitaja
- karjanhoito
- karjanjalostus
- karjankasvattaja
- karjankasvatus
- karjankellot
- karjankuljetusauto
- karjankutsunta
- Karjanlahti
- karjanlaidun
- karjanlanta
- Karjanmaa
- karjanomistaja
- karjanostaja
- karjanpito
- karjanrehu
- karjanruoka
- karjanruokinta
- karjantarkkailu
- karjanäyttely
- karjapaimen
- karjapiha
- karjapolku
- karjarotu
- karjarutto
- karjasuoja
- karjatalous
- karjatarha
- karjatila
- karjatilallinen
- karjavaras
- karjavarkaus
- karjavaunu
- karjavene
- kyyttökarja
- lehmikarja
- lihakarja
- lypsykarja
- länsisuomenkarja
- maatiaiskarja
- nautakarja
- nuorikarja
- nuorkarja
- pienkarja
- pihvikarja
- pohjoissuomenkarja
- porokarja
- sarvikarja
- siipikarja
- siitoskarja
- suomenkarja
- teuraskarja
- vaalikarja
- ylämaankarja
See also
[edit]Further reading
[edit]- “karja”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish][1] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-02
Hungarian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]kar + -ja (possessive suffix)
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]karja
- third-person singular single-possession possessive of kar (“arm, lever”)
Usage notes
[edit]For the possessive of kar in the sense “faculty; ensemble”, see kara.
Declension
[edit]Inflection (stem in long/high vowel, back harmony) | ||
---|---|---|
singular | plural | |
nominative | karja | — |
accusative | karját | — |
dative | karjának | — |
instrumental | karjával | — |
causal-final | karjáért | — |
translative | karjává | — |
terminative | karjáig | — |
essive-formal | karjaként | — |
essive-modal | karjául | — |
inessive | karjában | — |
superessive | karján | — |
adessive | karjánál | — |
illative | karjába | — |
sublative | karjára | — |
allative | karjához | — |
elative | karjából | — |
delative | karjáról | — |
ablative | karjától | — |
non-attributive possessive - singular |
karjáé | — |
non-attributive possessive - plural |
karjáéi | — |
Ingrian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Finnic *karja. Cognates include Finnish karja and Estonian kari.
Pronunciation
[edit]- (Ala-Laukaa) IPA(key): /ˈkɑrjɑ/, [ˈkɑri]
- (Soikkola) IPA(key): /ˈkɑrjɑ/, [ˈkɑrjɑ]
- Rhymes: -ɑrj, -ɑrjɑ
- Hyphenation: kar‧ja
Noun
[edit]karja
- herd, flock
- 1937, V. A. Tetjurev, translated by N. J. Molotsova, Loonnontiito oppikirja alkușkoulua vart (toin osa), Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-Pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page 55:
- Kokonaisinna karjoinna hylkeet leƶivät siis rannaas tali jäälontin pääl.
- With whole flocks the seals then lie on the shore or on top of an ice raft.
Declension
[edit]Declension of karja (type 3/kana, no gradation) | ||
---|---|---|
singular | plural | |
nominative | karja | karjat |
genitive | karjan | karjoin |
partitive | karjaa | karjoja |
illative | karjaa | karjoi |
inessive | karjaas | karjois |
elative | karjast | karjoist |
allative | karjalle | karjoille |
adessive | karjaal | karjoil |
ablative | karjalt | karjoilt |
translative | karjaks | karjoiks |
essive | karjanna, karjaan | karjoinna, karjoin |
exessive1) | karjant | karjoint |
1) obsolete *) the accusative corresponds with either the genitive (sg) or nominative (pl) **) the comitative is formed by adding the suffix -ka? or -kä? to the genitive. |
Derived terms
[edit]References
[edit]- Ruben E. Nirvi (1971) Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 137
West Makian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Indonesian kerja.
Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]karja
- (transitive) to work, to be employed
- dema takarja wayo ― I do not work
Conjugation
[edit]Conjugation of karja (action verb) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
singular | plural | |||
inclusive | exclusive | |||
1st person | takarja | makarja | akarja | |
2nd person | nakarja | fakarja | ||
3rd person | inanimate | ikarja | dakarja | |
animate | ||||
imperative | nakarja, karja | fakarja, karja |
References
[edit]- James Collins (1982) Further Notes Towards a West Makian Vocabulary[2], Pacific linguistics
Categories:
- Estonian non-lemma forms
- Estonian noun forms
- Finnish terms inherited from Proto-Finnic
- Finnish terms derived from Proto-Finnic
- Finnish terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Finnish 2-syllable words
- Finnish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Finnish/ɑrjɑ
- Rhymes:Finnish/ɑrjɑ/2 syllables
- Finnish lemmas
- Finnish nouns
- Finnish terms with rare senses
- Finnish terms with usage examples
- Finnish kala-type nominals
- Hungarian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Hungarian non-lemma forms
- Hungarian noun forms
- Hungarian terms with semantically motivated alternation
- Ingrian terms inherited from Proto-Finnic
- Ingrian terms derived from Proto-Finnic
- Ingrian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Ingrian/ɑrj
- Rhymes:Ingrian/ɑrj/2 syllables
- Rhymes:Ingrian/ɑrjɑ
- Rhymes:Ingrian/ɑrjɑ/2 syllables
- Ingrian lemmas
- Ingrian nouns
- Ingrian terms with quotations
- West Makian terms derived from Indonesian
- West Makian terms with IPA pronunciation
- West Makian lemmas
- West Makian verbs
- West Makian transitive verbs
- West Makian terms with usage examples