python · brianschubert · Apr 5, 2025 · Apr 5, 2025 · Apr 5, 2025 · Apr 5, 2025
diff --git a/docs/source/command_line.rst b/docs/source/command_line.rst
@@ -1085,7 +1085,7 @@ format into the specified directory.
 Enabling incomplete/experimental features
 *****************************************
 
-.. option:: --enable-incomplete-feature {PreciseTupleTypes, InlineTypedDict}
+.. option:: --enable-incomplete-feature {PreciseTupleTypes, NewInlineTypedDict, InlineTypedDict}
 
     Some features may require several mypy releases to implement, for example
     due to their complexity, potential for backwards incompatibility, or
@@ -1132,6 +1132,14 @@ List of currently incomplete/experimental features:
          # Without PreciseTupleTypes: tuple[int, ...]
          # With PreciseTupleTypes: tuple[()] | tuple[int] | tuple[int, int]
 
+* ``NewInlineTypedDict``: this feature enables :pep:`764` syntax for inline
+  :ref:`TypedDicts <typeddict>`, for example:
+
+  .. code-block:: python
+
+     def test_values() -> TypedDict[{"int": int, "str": str}]:
+         return {"int": 42, "str": "test"}
+
 * ``InlineTypedDict``: this feature enables non-standard syntax for inline
   :ref:`TypedDicts <typeddict>`, for example:
 

diff --git a/docs/source/typed_dict.rst b/docs/source/typed_dict.rst
@@ -294,35 +294,45 @@ Inline TypedDict types
 
 .. note::
 
-    This is an experimental (non-standard) feature. Use
-    ``--enable-incomplete-feature=InlineTypedDict`` to enable.
+    This is an experimental feature proposed by :pep:`764`. Use
+    ``--enable-incomplete-feature=NewInlineTypedDict`` to enable.
 
 Sometimes you may want to define a complex nested JSON schema, or annotate
 a one-off function that returns a TypedDict. In such cases it may be convenient
 to use inline TypedDict syntax. For example:
 
 .. code-block:: python
 
-    def test_values() -> {"int": int, "str": str}:
+    def test_values() -> TypedDict[{"int": int, "str": str}]:
         return {"int": 42, "str": "test"}
 
     class Response(TypedDict):
         status: int
         msg: str
         # Using inline syntax here avoids defining two additional TypedDicts.
-        content: {"items": list[{"key": str, "value": str}]}
+        content: TypedDict[{"items": list[TypedDict[{"key": str, "value": str}]]}]
 
-Inline TypedDicts can also by used as targets of type aliases, but due to
-ambiguity with a regular variables it is only allowed for (newer) explicit
-type alias forms:
+.. note::
 
-.. code-block:: python
+    Mypy also supports a legacy syntax for inline TypedDicts that pre-dates :pep:`764`:
+
+    .. code-block:: python
+
+        def test_values() -> {"int": int, "str": str}:
+            return {"int": 42, "str": "test"}
+
+    This legacy syntax can be enabled using ``--enable-incomplete-feature=InlineTypedDict``.
+    Due to ambiguity with a regular variables, the legacy syntax may only be used in
+    type aliases when using (newer) explicit type alias forms:
+
+    .. code-block:: python
 
-    from typing import TypeAlias
+        from typing import TypeAlias
 
-    X = {"a": int, "b": int}  # creates a variable with type dict[str, type[int]]
-    Y: TypeAlias = {"a": int, "b": int}  # creates a type alias
-    type Z = {"a": int, "b": int}  # same as above (Python 3.12+ only)
+        X = {"a": int, "b": int}  # creates a variable with type dict[str, type[int]]
+        Y: TypeAlias = {"a": int, "b": int}  # creates a type alias
+        type Z = {"a": int, "b": int}  # same as above (Python 3.12+ only)
 
-Also, due to incompatibility with runtime type-checking it is strongly recommended
-to *not* use inline syntax in union types.
+    This restriction does not apply to the :pep:`764` syntax.
+    Also, due to incompatibility with runtime type-checking, it is strongly recommended
+    to *not* use legacy inline syntax in union types.
diff --git a/mypy/fastparse.py b/mypy/fastparse.py
@@ -2077,8 +2077,6 @@ def visit_Tuple(self, n: ast3.Tuple) -> Type:
         )
 
     def visit_Dict(self, n: ast3.Dict) -> Type:
-        if not n.keys:
-            return self.invalid_type(n)
         items: dict[str, Type] = {}
         extra_items_from = []
         for item_name, value in zip(n.keys, n.values):

diff --git a/mypy/options.py b/mypy/options.py
@@ -80,7 +80,10 @@ class BuildType:
 PRECISE_TUPLE_TYPES: Final = "PreciseTupleTypes"
 NEW_GENERIC_SYNTAX: Final = "NewGenericSyntax"
 INLINE_TYPEDDICT: Final = "InlineTypedDict"
-INCOMPLETE_FEATURES: Final = frozenset((PRECISE_TUPLE_TYPES, INLINE_TYPEDDICT))
+NEW_INLINE_TYPEDDICT: Final = "NewInlineTypedDict"
+INCOMPLETE_FEATURES: Final = frozenset(
+    (PRECISE_TUPLE_TYPES, INLINE_TYPEDDICT, NEW_INLINE_TYPEDDICT)
+)
 COMPLETE_FEATURES: Final = frozenset((TYPE_VAR_TUPLE, UNPACK, NEW_GENERIC_SYNTAX))
 
 

diff --git a/mypy/typeanal.py b/mypy/typeanal.py
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@
     check_arg_names,
     get_nongen_builtins,
 )
-from mypy.options import INLINE_TYPEDDICT, Options
+from mypy.options import INLINE_TYPEDDICT, NEW_INLINE_TYPEDDICT, Options
 from mypy.plugin import AnalyzeTypeContext, Plugin, TypeAnalyzerPluginInterface
 from mypy.semanal_shared import (
     SemanticAnalyzerCoreInterface,
@@ -66,6 +66,7 @@
     FINAL_TYPE_NAMES,
     LITERAL_TYPE_NAMES,
     NEVER_NAMES,
+    TPDICT_NAMES,
     TYPE_ALIAS_NAMES,
     UNPACK_TYPE_NAMES,
     AnyType,
@@ -125,6 +126,7 @@
     "typing.Union",
     *LITERAL_TYPE_NAMES,
     *ANNOTATED_TYPE_NAMES,
+    *TPDICT_NAMES,
 }
 
 ARG_KINDS_BY_CONSTRUCTOR: Final = {
@@ -810,6 +812,22 @@ def try_analyze_special_unbound_type(self, t: UnboundType, fullname: str) -> Typ
             # TODO: verify this is unreachable and replace with an assert?
             self.fail("Unexpected Self type", t)
             return AnyType(TypeOfAny.from_error)
+        elif fullname in TPDICT_NAMES:
+            if len(t.args) != 1:
+                self.fail(
+                    "TypedDict[] must have exactly one type argument", t, code=codes.VALID_TYPE
+                )
+                return AnyType(TypeOfAny.from_error)
+            item = t.args[0]
+            if not isinstance(item, TypedDictType):  # type: ignore[misc]
+                self.fail(
+                    "Argument to TypedDict[] must be a literal dictionary mapping item names to types",
+                    t,
+                    code=codes.VALID_TYPE,
+                )
+                return AnyType(TypeOfAny.from_error)
+            item.is_pep764 = True
+            return self.anal_type(item, allow_typed_dict_special_forms=True)
         return None
 
     def get_omitted_any(self, typ: Type, fullname: str | None = None) -> AnyType:
@@ -1336,14 +1354,26 @@ def visit_typeddict_type(self, t: TypedDictType) -> Type:
                 analyzed = analyzed.item
             items[item_name] = analyzed
         if t.fallback.type is MISSING_FALLBACK:  # anonymous/inline TypedDict
-            if INLINE_TYPEDDICT not in self.options.enable_incomplete_feature:
+            if not t.is_pep764 and INLINE_TYPEDDICT not in self.options.enable_incomplete_feature:
                 self.fail(
-                    "Inline TypedDict is experimental,"
-                    " must be enabled with --enable-incomplete-feature=InlineTypedDict",
+                    "Legacy inline TypedDict is experimental,"
+                    f" must be enabled with --enable-incomplete-feature={INLINE_TYPEDDICT}",
+                    t,
+                )
+                self.note("Did you mean TypedDict[...]?", t)
+            if t.is_pep764 and NEW_INLINE_TYPEDDICT not in self.options.enable_incomplete_feature:
+                self.fail(
+                    "PEP 764 inline TypedDict is experimental,"
+                    f" must be enabled with --enable-incomplete-feature={NEW_INLINE_TYPEDDICT}",
                     t,
                 )
             required_keys = req_keys
             fallback = self.named_type("typing._TypedDict")
+            if t.is_pep764 and t.extra_items_from:
+                self.fail(
+                    "PEP 764 inline TypedDict does not support merge-in", t, code=codes.VALID_TYPE
+                )
+                return AnyType(TypeOfAny.from_error)
             for typ in t.extra_items_from:
                 analyzed = self.analyze_type(typ)
                 p_analyzed = get_proper_type(analyzed)
@@ -1363,6 +1393,11 @@ def visit_typeddict_type(self, t: TypedDictType) -> Type:
         else:
             required_keys = t.required_keys
             fallback = t.fallback
+        if not t.is_pep764 and not t.items:
+            self.fail(
+                "Legacy inline TypedDict must have at least one item", t, code=codes.VALID_TYPE
+            )
+            return AnyType(TypeOfAny.from_error)
         return TypedDictType(items, required_keys, readonly_keys, fallback, t.line, t.column)
 
     def visit_raw_expression_type(self, t: RawExpressionType) -> Type:

diff --git a/mypy/types.py b/mypy/types.py
@@ -2575,6 +2575,7 @@ class TypedDictType(ProperType):
         "fallback",
         "extra_items_from",
         "to_be_mutated",
+        "is_pep764",
     )
 
     items: dict[str, Type]  # item_name -> item_type
@@ -2584,6 +2585,7 @@ class TypedDictType(ProperType):
 
     extra_items_from: list[ProperType]  # only used during semantic analysis
     to_be_mutated: bool  # only used in a plugin for `.update`, `|=`, etc
+    is_pep764: bool
 
     def __init__(
         self,
@@ -2603,6 +2605,7 @@ def __init__(
         self.can_be_false = len(self.required_keys) == 0
         self.extra_items_from = []
         self.to_be_mutated = False
+        self.is_pep764 = False
 
     def accept(self, visitor: TypeVisitor[T]) -> T:
         return visitor.visit_typeddict_type(self)

diff --git a/test-data/unit/check-literal.test b/test-data/unit/check-literal.test
@@ -615,7 +615,8 @@ e: Literal[dummy()]             # E: Invalid type: Literal[...] cannot contain a
 from typing import Literal
 a: Literal[{"a": 1, "b": 2}]    # E: Parameter 1 of Literal[...] is invalid
 b: Literal[{1, 2, 3}]           # E: Invalid type: Literal[...] cannot contain arbitrary expressions
-c: {"a": 1, "b": 2}             # E: Inline TypedDict is experimental, must be enabled with --enable-incomplete-feature=InlineTypedDict \
+c: {"a": 1, "b": 2}             # E: Legacy inline TypedDict is experimental, must be enabled with --enable-incomplete-feature=InlineTypedDict \
+                                # N: Did you mean TypedDict[...]? \
                                 # E: Invalid type: try using Literal[1] instead? \
                                 # E: Invalid type: try using Literal[2] instead?
 d: {1, 2, 3}                    # E: Invalid type comment or annotation

diff --git a/test-data/unit/check-python312.test b/test-data/unit/check-python312.test
@@ -1733,6 +1733,17 @@ type Y[T] = {"item": T, **Y[T]}  # E: Overwriting TypedDict field "item" while m
 [builtins fixtures/dict.pyi]
 [typing fixtures/typing-full.pyi]
 
+[case testTypedDictInlinePEP764YesNewStyleAlias]
+# flags: --enable-incomplete-feature=NewInlineTypedDict
+from typing import TypedDict
+type X[T] = TypedDict[{"item": T, "other": X[T] | None}]
+x: X[str]
+reveal_type(x)  # N: Revealed type is "TypedDict({'item': builtins.str, 'other': Union[..., None]})"
+if x["other"] is not None:
+    reveal_type(x["other"]["item"])  # N: Revealed type is "builtins.str"
+[builtins fixtures/dict.pyi]
+[typing fixtures/typing-full.pyi]
+
 [case testPEP695UsingIncorrectExpressionsInTypeVariableBound]
 type X[T: (yield 1)] = Any  # E: Yield expression cannot be used as a type variable bound
 type Y[T: (yield from [])] = Any # E: Yield expression cannot be used as a type variable bound

diff --git a/test-data/unit/check-typeddict.test b/test-data/unit/check-typeddict.test
@@ -3659,7 +3659,7 @@ reveal_type(x)  # N:  # N: Revealed type is "TypedDict({'int': builtins.int, 'st
 
 [case testTypedDictInlineNoEmpty]
 # flags: --enable-incomplete-feature=InlineTypedDict
-x: {}  # E: Invalid type comment or annotation
+x: {}  # E: Legacy inline TypedDict must have at least one item
 reveal_type(x)  # N: Revealed type is "Any"
 [builtins fixtures/dict.pyi]
 [typing fixtures/typing-typeddict.pyi]
@@ -3707,6 +3707,134 @@ reveal_type(x)  # N: Revealed type is "TypedDict({'a': builtins.int, 'b': builti
 [builtins fixtures/dict.pyi]
 [typing fixtures/typing-full.pyi]
 
+[case testTypedDictInlinePEP764NotEnabled]
+from typing import TypedDict
+x: TypedDict[{"a": int}]  # E: PEP 764 inline TypedDict is experimental, must be enabled with --enable-incomplete-feature=NewInlineTypedDict
+[builtins fixtures/dict.pyi]
+[typing fixtures/typing-typeddict.pyi]
+
+[case testTypedDictInlinePEP764OldStyleAlias]
+# flags: --enable-incomplete-feature=NewInlineTypedDict
+from typing import TypedDict
+X = TypedDict[{"int": int, "str": str}]
+x: X
+reveal_type(x)  # N: Revealed type is "TypedDict({'int': builtins.int, 'str': builtins.str})"
+[builtins fixtures/dict.pyi]
+[typing fixtures/typing-typeddict.pyi]
+
+[case testTypedDictInlinePEP764MidStyleAlias]
+# flags: --enable-incomplete-feature=NewInlineTypedDict
+from typing import TypedDict
+from typing_extensions import TypeAlias
+X: TypeAlias = TypedDict[{"int": int, "str": str}]
+x: X
+reveal_type(x)  # N: Revealed type is "TypedDict({'int': builtins.int, 'str': builtins.str})"
+[builtins fixtures/dict.pyi]
+[typing fixtures/typing-typeddict.pyi]
+
+[case testTypedDictInlinePEP764OYesEmpty]
+# flags: --enable-incomplete-feature=NewInlineTypedDict
+from typing import TypedDict
+x: TypedDict[{}]
+reveal_type(x)  # N: Revealed type is "TypedDict({})"
+[builtins fixtures/dict.pyi]
+[typing fixtures/typing-typeddict.pyi]
+
+
+[case testTypedDictInlinePEP764NotRequired]
+# flags: --enable-incomplete-feature=NewInlineTypedDict
+from typing import NotRequired, TypedDict
+
+x: TypedDict[{"one": int, "other": NotRequired[int]}]
+x = {"one": 1}  # OK
+y: TypedDict[{"one": int, "other": int}]
+y = {"one": 1}  # E: Expected TypedDict keys ("one", "other") but found only key "one"
+[builtins fixtures/dict.pyi]
+[typing fixtures/typing-typeddict.pyi]
+
+[case testTypedDictInlinePEP764ReadOnly]
+# flags: --enable-incomplete-feature=NewInlineTypedDict
+from typing import ReadOnly, TypedDict
+
+x: TypedDict[{"one": int, "other": ReadOnly[int]}]
+x["one"] = 1  # ok
+x["other"] = 1  # E: ReadOnly TypedDict key "other" TypedDict is mutated
+[builtins fixtures/dict.pyi]
+[typing fixtures/typing-typeddict.pyi]
+
+[case testTypedDictInlinePEP764NestedSchema]
+# flags: --enable-incomplete-feature=NewInlineTypedDict
+from typing import TypedDict
+def nested() -> TypedDict[{"one": str, "other": TypedDict[{"a": int, "b": int}]}]:
+    if bool():
+        return {"one": "yes", "other": {"a": 1, "b": 2}}  # OK
+    else:
+        return {"one": "no", "other": {"a": 1, "b": "2"}}  # E: Incompatible types (expression has type "str", TypedDict item "b" has type "int")
+[builtins fixtures/dict.pyi]
+[typing fixtures/typing-typeddict.pyi]
+
+[case testTypedDictInlinePEP764MergeAnother]
+# flags: --enable-incomplete-feature=NewInlineTypedDict
+from typing import TypeVar, TypedDict
+from typing_extensions import TypeAlias
+
+T = TypeVar("T")
+X: TypeAlias = TypedDict[{"item": T}]
+x: TypedDict[{"a": int, **X[str], "b": int}]  # E: PEP 764 inline TypedDict does not support merge-in
+reveal_type(x)  # N: Revealed type is "Any"
+[builtins fixtures/dict.pyi]
+[typing fixtures/typing-full.pyi]
+
+[case testTypedDictInlinePEP764BadArg]
+# flags: --enable-incomplete-feature=NewInlineTypedDict
+from typing import TypedDict
+x: TypedDict[int]       # E: Argument to TypedDict[] must be a literal dictionary mapping item names to types
+reveal_type(x)          # N: Revealed type is "Any"
+y: TypedDict[{1: str}]  # E: Argument to TypedDict[] must be a literal dictionary mapping item names to types
+reveal_type(y)          # N: Revealed type is "Any"
+z: TypedDict[{"a": 1}]  # E: Invalid type: try using Literal[1] instead?
+reveal_type(z)          # N: Revealed type is "TypedDict({'a': Any})"
+[builtins fixtures/dict.pyi]
+[typing fixtures/typing-typeddict.pyi]
+
+[case testTypedDictInlinePEP764TooManyArgs]
+# flags: --enable-incomplete-feature=NewInlineTypedDict
+from typing import TypedDict
+x: TypedDict[{"a": int}, "foo"]  # E: TypedDict[] must have exactly one type argument
+reveal_type(x)  # N: Revealed type is "Any"
+[builtins fixtures/dict.pyi]
+[typing fixtures/typing-typeddict.pyi]
+
+[case testTypedDictInlinePEP764TypeVarValid]
+# flags: --enable-incomplete-feature=NewInlineTypedDict
+from typing import Generic, TypeVar, TypedDict
+T = TypeVar("T")
+class X(Generic[T]):
+    attr: TypedDict[{'name': T}]
+def f(arg: T) -> TypedDict[{'name': T}]: ...
+Y = TypedDict[{'name': T}]
+reveal_type(X[int]().attr['name'])  # N: Revealed type is "builtins.int"
+reveal_type(f('a')['name'])  # N: Revealed type is "builtins.str"
+[builtins fixtures/dict.pyi]
+[typing fixtures/typing-typeddict.pyi]
+
+[case testTypedDictInlinePEP764TypeVarInvalid]
+# flags: --enable-incomplete-feature=NewInlineTypedDict
+from typing import TypeVar, TypedDict
+T = TypeVar('T')
+def f():
+    X = TypedDict[{'name': T}]  # TODO: emit error - this is invalid per PEP-764
+[builtins fixtures/dict.pyi]
+[typing fixtures/typing-full.pyi]
+
+[case testTypedDictInlinePEP764UsesExtensionSyntax]
+# flags: --enable-incomplete-feature=NewInlineTypedDict
+from typing import TypedDict
+x: TypedDict[{'name': str, 'production': {'location': str}}]  # E: Legacy inline TypedDict is experimental, must be enabled with --enable-incomplete-feature=InlineTypedDict \
+                                                              # N: Did you mean TypedDict[...]?
+reveal_type(x)  # N: Revealed type is "TypedDict({'name': builtins.str, 'production': TypedDict({'location': builtins.str})})"
+[builtins fixtures/dict.pyi]
+[typing fixtures/typing-typeddict.pyi]
 
 # ReadOnly
 # See: https://peps.python.org/pep-0705