Jaku Gerika

Jaku Gerika
Jaku Gerika
Ελληνικά; Elliniká
Sebut	Templat:IPA-el
Dikena ba	Gerika; Cyprus; Albania (Kaunti Gjirokastër enggau Kaunti Vlorë); Itali (Calabria, Salento enggau Messina); kandang menua Balkan ke bukai, Caucasus, pantai Tasik Chelum, Asia Minor enggau Timur Mediterranean;
Bansa	Gerika
Penyampau orang ; ke bejaku	13.5 million (2012)
Perugan jaku	Indo-Eropah Graeco-Phrygian (?) Hellenik Jaku Gerika; ; ;
	Proto-Gerika
Dialek	Dialek lama; Koine; Jeman Tengan; Dialek moden;
Sistem urup	Urup Gerika
Status resmi
Jaku rasmi ba	Gerika; Cyprus; Serakup Eropah; Akrotiri enggau Dhekelia;
Diaku jaku; minoriti ba	Albania; Argentina; Armenia; Australia; Hungari; Itali (Apulia enggau Calabria); Romania; Turki; Ukraine; Amerika Serikat; Rusia; ;
Kod jaku
ISO 639-1	el
ISO 639-2	gre (B) ; ell (T)
ISO 639-3	Variously:; ell – Jaku Gerika Moden; grc – Jaku Gerika Jeman Tengan; cpg – Jaku Gerika Kapadokia; gmy – Jaku Gerika Mycenaea; pnt – Pontus; tsd – Tsakonia; yej – Jaku Yevani
Glottolog	gree1276
Linguasphere	56-AAA-a; 56-AAA-aa to -am (varieties);
	Kandang menua Jaku Gerika Moden dikena (Biru tuai ngayanka menua alai jaku tu jaku rasmi.)
	Artikel tu ngundan lambang fonetik IPA. Enti nadai meri sukung ti betul, nuan engka meda tanda tanya, kutak, tauka lambang bukai nganti urup Unicode. Ngambika nemu panduan pemuka pasal lambang IPA, peda Bantu:IPA.

Jaku Gerika (Jaku Gerika Moden: Ελληνικά, romanized: Elliniká, Ancient Greek: Ἑλληνική, romanized: Hellēnikḗ) nya siti jaku Indo-Eropah, ti nyadi siti takang jaku Hellenik ti bibas dalam ruang bilik jaki Indo-Eropah. Jaku tu jaku asal ba menua Gerika, Cyprus, Itali (ba Calabria enggau Salento), selatan Albania, enggau kandang menua bukai ba Balkan, Caucasus, pantai Tasik Chelum, Asia Minor, sereta Timur Mediterranean. Jaku tu ngembuan sejarah ti pemadu lama didokumentasyenka ari sebarang jaku Indo-Eropah, mungkur enda kurang 3,400 taun rikut betulis.^[10] Sistem tulis ti dikena iya nya urup Gerika, ti udah dikena urung 2,800 taun;^[11]^[12] kelia, jaku Gerika ditulis dalam urup ke bukai baka Linear B enggau silibari Cyprus.^[13] Urup tu pansut ari urup Fenisia lalu nyadi pelasar urup Latin, urup Cyril, urup Kopti, urup Goth, enggau mayuh agi bansa sistem urup ke bukai.

Jaku Gerika megai alai ke pemadu penting dalam dunya Barat. Berengkah ari epik Homer, litericha Gerika lama nyengkaum mayuh pengawa ti meruan beguna dalam kanon Eropah. Jaku Gerika mega mayuh dikena dalam teks pelasar sains enggau filosofi ti keterubah digaga. Sempekat Baru Bup Kudus Kristian mega asal iya ditulis dalam jaku Gerika.^[14]^[15] Beserimbai enggau teks jaku Latin enggau tradisyen dunya Rome, teks jaku Gerika enggau gerempung Gerika ari jeman kelia nyadi objek pelajar disiplin Klasik.

Maya jeman kelia, jaku Gerika nyadi lingua franca ti pemadu mayuh dikena ba kandang menua Mediterranean.^[16] Jaku tu mega nyadi jaku rasmi Empayar Byzantin lalu ngerembai nyadi Jaku Gerika Jeman Tengan.^[17] Dalam tukuh moden, Jaku Gerika nyadi jaku rasmi menua Gerika enggau Cyprus sereta nyadi siti ari 24 iti jaku rasmi Serakup Eropah. Diatu,jaku tu dikena enda kuranv ari 13.5 juta orang ba Gerika, Cyprus, Itali, Albania, Turki, enggau mayuh menua ke bukai ti bisi diaspora Gerika.

Akar jaku Gerika udah mayuh dikena beabad-abad ke udah lalu mengkang dikena ngaga leka jaku ke baru dalam jaku bukai; leka jaku Gerika enggau Latin nyadi pelasar leka jaku saintifik entarabansa.

Malin

↑ Greek at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required)
Jaku Gerika Jeman Tengan at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required)
Jaku Gerika Kapadokia at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required)
Jaku Gerika Mycenaea at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required)
Pontus at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required)
Tsakonia at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required)
(Additional references under 'Language codes' in the information box)
↑ 2006 Census Table: Language Spoken at Home by Sex – Time Series Statistics (1996, 2001, 2006 Census Years)
↑ Αυστραλία: Τηλεδιάσκεψη «Μιλάμε Ελληνικά τον Μάρτιο»
↑ Tsitselikis 2013, pp. 287–288.
↑ Penyalat nyebut: Tag <ref> tidak sah; tiada teks disediakan bagi rujukan yang bernama Toktaş2006
↑ Penyalat nyebut: Tag <ref> tidak sah; tiada teks disediakan bagi rujukan yang bernama Bayır2013
↑ Penyalat nyebut: Tag <ref> tidak sah; tiada teks disediakan bagi rujukan yang bernama HRWLanguageRights
↑ "Language Use in the United States: 2011" (PDF). United States Census. Retrieved 17 October 2015.
↑ "gree1276". Council of Europe. Retrieved 8 December 2008.
↑ "Greek language". Encyclopædia Britannica. Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc. Retrieved 29 April 2014.
↑ Haviland, William A.; Prins, Harald E. L.; Walrath, Dana; McBride, Bunny (2013). "Chapter 15: Language and Communication". Anthropology: The Human Challenge (in Inggeris). Cengage Learning. p. 394. ISBN 978-1-285-67758-3. Most of the alphabets used today descended from the Phoenician one. The Greeks adopted it about 2,800 years ago, modifying the characters to suit sounds in their own language.
↑ Comrie, Bernard (1987). The World's Major Languages (in Inggeris). Routledge (published 2018). ISBN 978-1-317-29049-0. ... the Greek alphabet has served the Greek language well for some 2,800 years since its introduction into Greece in the tenth or ninth century BC.
↑ Adrados, Francisco Rodríguez (2005). A history of the Greek language : from its origens to the present. Leiden: Brill. ISBN 978-90-04-12835-4. OCLC 59712402.
↑ Kurt Aland, Barbara Aland The text of the New Testament: an introduction to the critical 1995 p. 52.
↑ Archibald Macbride Hunter Introducing the New Testament 1972 p. 9.
↑ Malkin, Irad (2011). A small Greek world : networks in the Ancient Mediterranean. Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199734818.001.0001. ISBN 9780199918553.
↑ Ralat Lua pada baris 3162 di Modul:Citation/CS1: attempt to call field 'year_check' (a nil value).

Penyalat nyebut: Tag <ref> wujud untuk kumpulan bernama "note", tetapi tiada tag <references group="note"/> yang berpadanan disertakan

[e18-1] Greek at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required)
Jaku Gerika Jeman Tengan at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required)
Jaku Gerika Kapadokia at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required)
Jaku Gerika Mycenaea at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required)
Pontus at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required)
Tsakonia at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required)
(Additional references under 'Language codes' in the information box)

[2] 2006 Census Table: Language Spoken at Home by Sex – Time Series Statistics (1996, 2001, 2006 Census Years)

[3] Αυστραλία: Τηλεδιάσκεψη «Μιλάμε Ελληνικά τον Μάρτιο»

[FOOTNOTETsitselikis2013287–288-4] Tsitselikis 2013, pp. 287–288.

[Toktaş2006-5] Penyalat nyebut: Tag <ref> tidak sah; tiada teks disediakan bagi rujukan yang bernama Toktaş2006

[Bayır2013-6] Penyalat nyebut: Tag <ref> tidak sah; tiada teks disediakan bagi rujukan yang bernama Bayır2013

[HRWLanguageRights-7] Penyalat nyebut: Tag <ref> tidak sah; tiada teks disediakan bagi rujukan yang bernama HRWLanguageRights

[8] "Language Use in the United States: 2011" (PDF). United States Census. Retrieved 17 October 2015.

[9] "gree1276". Council of Europe. Retrieved 8 December 2008.

[:1-11] "Greek language". Encyclopædia Britannica. Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc. Retrieved 29 April 2014.

[12] Haviland, William A.; Prins, Harald E. L.; Walrath, Dana; McBride, Bunny (2013). "Chapter 15: Language and Communication". Anthropology: The Human Challenge (in Inggeris). Cengage Learning. p. 394. ISBN 978-1-285-67758-3. Most of the alphabets used today descended from the Phoenician one. The Greeks adopted it about 2,800 years ago, modifying the characters to suit sounds in their own language.

[13] Comrie, Bernard (1987). The World's Major Languages (in Inggeris). Routledge (published 2018). ISBN 978-1-317-29049-0. ... the Greek alphabet has served the Greek language well for some 2,800 years since its introduction into Greece in the tenth or ninth century BC.

[14] Adrados, Francisco Rodríguez (2005). A history of the Greek language : from its origens to the present. Leiden: Brill. ISBN 978-90-04-12835-4. OCLC 59712402.

[15] Kurt Aland, Barbara Aland The text of the New Testament: an introduction to the critical 1995 p. 52.

[16] Archibald Macbride Hunter Introducing the New Testament 1972 p. 9.

[17] Malkin, Irad (2011). A small Greek world : networks in the Ancient Mediterranean. Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199734818.001.0001. ISBN 9780199918553.

[18] Ralat Lua pada baris 3162 di Modul:Citation/CS1: attempt to call field 'year_check' (a nil value).

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Malin

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