June 30
June 30 is the 181st day of the year (182nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. There are 184 days remaining until the end of the year.
It is the last day of the first half of the year.
Events
[change | change source]Up to 1900
[change | change source]- 350 – Roman usurper Nepotianus, of the Constantian dynasty, is defeated and killed by the usurper Magnentius.
- 763 – A Byzantine army under Emperor Constantine V defeats the Bulgarian forces in the Battle of Anchialus.
- 1422 – Battle of Arbedo between the Duke of Milan and the Swiss cantons.
- 1521 – Spanish forces defeat a combined French and Navarrese army at the Battle of Noain during the Spanish conquest of Iberian Navarre.
- 1559 – Henry II of France is wounded in a jousting contest against Gabriel de Montgomery.
- 1651 – Battle of Beresteczko: Victory for Poland–Lithuania.
- 1758 – Seven Years' War: The Battle of Domstadtl takes place.
- 1805 – The United States Congress organises the Michigan Territory.
- 1859 – French acrobat Charles Blondin crosses Niagara Falls on a tightrope.
- 1860 – The Oxford Evolution debate takes place at the Oxford Museum of Natural History.
- 1861 – A group of 3000 European gold miners attack Chinese miners at Lambing Flat, New South Wales.
- 1864 – Abraham Lincoln grants the Yosemite Valley to California for 'public use, resort and recreation'.
- 1882 – Charles J. Guiteau is executed for the assassination of US President James A. Garfield.
- 1886 – The first transcontinental train trip across Canada leaves Montreal. It arrives at Fort Moody, British Columbia on July 4.
- 1894 – London Tower Bridge is opened to traffic.
- 1900 – A harbour fire in Hoboken, New Jersey spreads to five German liners, killing 326 people.
1901 – 2000
[change | change source]- 1905 – Albert Einstein publishes the article 'On the Electrodynamics of Moving Bodies' in which he introduces Special Relativity.
- 1908 – The Tunguska Incident occurs, as a large area of forest in Siberia is destroyed. The circumstances have not yet been fully explained, but it is widely believed to have been the explosion of a meteor.
- 1912 – A deadly tornado hits Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada, killing 28 people.
- 1917 – World War I: Greece declares war on the Central Powers.
- 1934 – The Night of the Long Knives, Adolf Hitler's purge of political rivals, begins.
- 1936 – Haile Selassie of Abyssinia appeals for aid from the League of Nations after being invaded by Italy.
- 1940 – World War II: Nazi Germany invades Guernsey in the Channel Islands, English Channel.
- 1944 – World War II: The city of Cherbourg in Normandy falls to American forces.
- 1954 – A total Solar eclipse is seen over parts of North America, Europe and Asia.
- 1956 – A TWA Super Constellation and a United Airlines DC–7 collide over the Grand Canyon in Arizona, killing all 128 people in both airliners.
- 1960 – The present–day Democratic Republic of the Congo becomes independent.
- 1969 – Nigeria bans Red Cross aid from Biafra.
- 1971 – The crew of Soyuz 11 are suffocated when their air supply escapes through a faulty valve.
- 1971 – Ohio reduces the voting age to 18.
- 1972 – The first Leap second is added to the UTC time.
- 1975 – Muhammad Ali successfully defends his Heavyweight Boxing World title, against Joe Bugner.
- 1985 – Palau's President Haruo Remeliik is murdered.
- 1985 – 39 American hostages from the hijacked TWA Flight 847 are freed in Beirut, Lebanon, after 17 days.
- 1987 – The Canadian 1 Dollar coin, the 'Loonie', is introduced.
- 1990 – East Germany and West Germany merge their economies.
- 1991 – 32 miners are killed when a coal mine catches fire in the Donbas region of Ukraine and releases toxic gas.
- 1996 – Germany wins the UEFA Euro 1996 Championship against the Czech Republic, with Oliver Bierhoff scoring the first–ever 'Golden Goal'.
- 1998 – Joseph Estrada becomes President of the Philippines.
- 2000 – The Indonesian ferry Chaya Bahara sinks off the island of Sulawesi, killing over 500 people.
From 2001
[change | change source]- 2002 – 2002 FIFA World Cup in Japan and South Korea: Brazil wins the FIFA World Cup for a fifth time, over Germany, with two goals from Ronaldo.
- 2005 – Spain legalises Same–sex marriage.
- 2007 – Islamist extremists drive a jeep packed with explosives into the main building at Glasgow Airport in Scotland.
- 2009 – A Yemenia Airlines plane crashes into the Indian Ocean near the Comoros. Only one of the 153 people on board survives.
- 2010 – Benigno Aquino III becomes President of the Philippines.
- 2010 – Christian Wulff is chosen to succeed Horst Koehler as President of Germany.
- 2012 – Mohamed Morsi of the Muslim Brotherhood is sworn in as President of Egypt.
- 2013 – The Brazil national football team wins the FIFA Confederations Cup against the Spain national football team.
- 2013 – A whole entire fire crew in Arizona is killed while battling wild fires.
- 2015 – A Hercules C–130 military aircraft with 113 people on board crashes in Medan, Indonesia, killing a total of 116 people.
- 2016 – Rodrigo Duterte becomes President of the Philippines.
- 2017 – Germany's Bundestag votes in favour of same–sex marriage by 393 votes to 226.
Births
[change | change source]Up to 1900
[change | change source]- 1470 – King Charles VIII of France (d. 1498)
- 1503 – John Frederick, Elector of Saxony (d. 1554)
- 1588 – Giovanni Maria Sabino, Italian organist, composer and educator (d. 1649)
- 1628 – Miguel de Molinos, Spanish mystic (d. 1696)
- 1685 – John Gay, English writer (d. 1732)
- 1685 – Dominikus Zimmermann, master builder (d. 1766)
- 1748 – Dominique, comte de Cassini, French cartographer and astronomer (d. 1845)
- 1755 – Paul de Barras, French politician (d. 1829)
- 1768 – Elizabeth Monroe, First Lady of the United States (d. 1830)
- 1789 – Horace Vernet, painter and graphic artist (d. 1863)
- 1807 – Friedrich Theodor von Vischer, narrator, lyricist, and philosopher (d. 1887)
- 1815 – Lysius Salomon, 13th President of Haiti (d. 1888)
- 1817 – Joseph Dalton Hooker, British botanist (d. 1911)
- 1818 – Lysius Salomon, 13th President of Haiti (d. 1888)
- 1819 – William A. Wheeler, 19th Vice President of the United States (d. 1887)
- 1824 – Antonio Gonzalez de Aguilar, 8th Marquis of la Vega de Armijo, Prime Minister of Spain (d. 1908)
- 1827 – Jacques–Louis Soret, Swiss chemist and physicist (d. 1890)
- 1833 – Manuel Amador Guerrero, 1st President of Panama (d. 1909)
- 1843 – Ernest Mason Satow, writer (d. 1929)
- 1864 – Frederick Bligh Bond, English architect and archaeologist (d. 1945)
- 1883 – Johan Olin, Finnish wrestler (d. 1928)
- 1884 – Georges Duhamel, French writer (d. 1966)
- 1888 – Rudolf Amelunxen, German politician (d. 1969)
- 1890 – Paul Boffa, 5th Prime Minister of Malta (d. 1962)
- 1891 – Man Mountain Dean, American professional wrestler (d. 1953)
- 1891 – Ed Lewis, American professional wrestler (d. 1966)
- 1892 – Bo Carter, American blues musician (d. 1962)
- 1892 – Oswald Pohl, Nazi politician (d. 1951)
- 1893 – Walter Ulbricht, East German politician (d. 1973)
- 1899 – Harry Shields, American jazz musician (d. 1971)
- 1899 – Madge Bellamy, American actress (d. 1990)
1901 – 1950
[change | change source]- 1903 – Robert E. Hannegan, American politician, 52nd United States Postmaster General (d. 1949)
- 1906 – Ralph Allen, English footballer (d. 1981)
- 1906 – Anthony Mann, American movie actor and director (d. 1967)
- 1906 – Tribhuvan of Nepal (d. 1955)
- 1907 – Roman Shukhevych, Ukrainian politician (d. 1950)
- 1908 – Winston Graham, English writer (d. 2003)
- 1909 – Juan Bosch, Dominican Republic politician (d. 2001)
- 1911 – Czesław Miłosz, Polish poet, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Literature (d. 2004)
- 1912 – Leopoldo Zea Aguilar, Mexican philosopher (d. 2002)
- 1912 – Avigdor Dagan, Czech–Israeli writer, playwright, translator and diplomat (d. 2006)
- 1913 – Alfonso Lopez Michelsen, President of Colombia (d. 2007)
- 1914 – Francisco da Costa Gomes, Portuguese politician (d. 2001)
- 1914 – Allan Houser, Native American artist (d. 1994)
- 1917 – Susan Hayward, American actress (d. 1975)
- 1917 – Lena Horne, American actress and singer (d. 2010)
- 1919 – Ed Yost, American inventor (d. 2007)
- 1921 – Oswaldo Lopez Arellano, President of Honduras (d. 2010)
- 1926 – Peter Alexander, Austrian singer and actor (d. 2011)
- 1926 – Paul Berg, American biochemist
- 1933 – Lea Massari, Italian actress
- 1933 – Derek Bentley, British victim of a miscarriage of Justice (d. 1953)
- 1934 – Harry Blackstone, Jr., American magician (d. 1997)
- 1936 – Assia Djebar, Algerian writer, director and historian (d. 2015)
- 1937 – Gainan Saidkhuzhin, Russian cyclist (d. 2015)
- 1937 – Gideon Ezra, Israeli politician (d. 2012)
- 1938 – Apostolis Nikolaidis, Greek singer (d. 1999)
- 1938 – Billy Mills, American runner
- 1939 – John Fortune, British scriptwriter and actor (d. 2013)
- 1939 – José Emilio Pacheco, Mexican writer (d. 2014)
- 1941 – Otto Sander, German actor (d. 2013)
- 1942 – Robert Ballard, American underwater archaeologist
- 1943 – Florence Ballard, American singer (The Supremes) (d. 1976)
- 1944 – Raymond Moody, American parapsychologist
- 1944 – Terry Funk, American wrestler and actor
- 1945 – Sean Scully, Irish–American painter
1951 – 1975
[change | change source]- 1953 – Hal Lindes, American–born British guitarist (Dire Straits)
- 1954 – Serzh Sargsyan, President of Armenia
- 1954 – Pierre Charles, Prime Minister of Dominica (d. 2004)
- 1954 – Wayne Swan, Australian politician
- 1956 – David Lidington, English politician
- 1958 – Esa–Pekka Salonen, Finnish conductor and composer
- 1959 – Vincent D'Onofrio, American actor
- 1959 – Brendan Perry, English musician (Dead Can Dance)
- 1960 – James Kwesi Appiah, Ghanaian footballer and coach
- 1960 – Jack McConnell, Scottish politician, 3rd First Minister of Scotland
- 1960 – Murray Cook, Australian musician (The Wiggles)
- 1962 – Tony Fernandez, American baseball player
- 1963 – Olha Bryzhina, Ukrainian athlete
- 1963 – Yngwie Malmsteen, Swedish guitarist
- 1964 – Alexandra, Countess of Frederiksborg, Hong Kong–born former member of the Danish royal family
- 1965 – Gary Pallister, English footballer
- 1965 – Mitch Raymond, American basketball player
- 1966 – Cheryl Bernard, Canadian curler
- 1966 – Mike Tyson, American world champion boxer
- 1967 – Nitin Ganatra, British actor
- 1967 – Silke Renk, German athlete
- 1968 – Philip Anselmo, American musician
- 1970 – Antonio Chimenti, Italian footballer
- 1971 – Monica Potter, American actress
- 1972 – James Martin, English chef
- 1973 – Frank Rost, German footballer
- 1973 – Chan Ho Park, Korean baseball pitcher
- 1974 – Juli Zeh, German writer
- 1975 – Rami Shaaban, Swedish footballer
- 1975 – Ralf Schumacher, German race car driver
From 1976
[change | change source]- 1977 – Justo Villar, Paraguayan footballer
- 1980 – Seyi Olofinjana, Nigerian footballer
- 1981 – Barbara Spotakova, Czech athlete
- 1982 – Lizzy Caplan, American actress
- 1982 – Willam Belli, American actor, drag queen and television personality
- 1982 – Andy Knowles, British musician (Franz Ferdinand)
- 1983 – Cheryl Cole, British singer, formerly of Girls Aloud
- 1983 – Marcus Burghardt, German cyclist
- 1983 – Steve von Bergen, Swiss footballer
- 1983 – Katherine Ryan, Canadian comedienne
- 1984 – Dimitry Ipatov, Russian ski jumper
- 1984 – Fantasia Barrino, American singer
- 1985 – Michael Phelps, American swimmer
- 1985 – Cody Rhodes, American professional wrestler
- 1985 – Fabiana Vallejos, Argentine footballer
- 1985 – Charley Uchea, American Reality show personality
- 1986 – Allegra Versace, Italian heiress
- 1986 – Fredy Guarin, Colombian footballer
- 1988 – Jack Douglass, American comedian and actor
- 1989 – Miguel Vitor, Portuguese footballer
- 1989 – Asbel Kiprop, Kenyan runner
- 1991 – Kaho, Japanese actress
- 1994 – Rhys Jones, Welsh athlete
Deaths
[change | change source]Up to 1900
[change | change source]- 350 – Nepotianus, Roman usurper
- 1224 – Adolf of Osnabrück, German monk and bishop (b. 1185)
- 1520 – Moctezuma II (Montezuma), Aztec ruler (b. around 1465)
- 1538 – Charles II, Duke of Guelders (b. 1467)
- 1649 – Simon Vouet, French painter (b. 1599)
- 1670 – Henrietta of England, daughter of Charles I (b. 1644)
- 1708 – Tekle Haymanot I of Ethiopia (b. 1706)
- 1709 – Edward Lhuyd, Welsh botanist, linguist and geographer (b. 1660)
- 1785 – James Oglethorpe, English general (b. 1696)
- 1861 – Robert O'Hara Burke, Irish explorer of Australia (b. 1820)
- 1882 – Charles J. Guiteau, assassin of US President James A. Garfield (b. 1841)
- 1882 – Alberto Henschel, German–Brazilian photographer and businessman (b. 1827)
- 1898 – Siegfried Marcus, English technician and inventor (b. 1831)
- 1899 – E. D. E. N. Southworth, American author (b. 1819)
1901 – 2000
[change | change source]- 1919 – John Strutt, 3rd Baron Rayleigh, English physicist (b. 1842)
- 1932 – Bruno Kastner, German actor (b. 1890)
- 1934 – Night of the Long Knives:
- Kurt von Schleicher, Chancellor of Germany (b. 1882)
- Gregor Strasser, Nazi politician (b. 1892)
- Gustav Ritter von Kahr, Prime Minister of Bavaria (b. 1862)
- Karl Ernst, Sturmabteilung leader (b. 1904)
- Erich Klausener, German politician (b. 1885)
- 1949 – Edouard Alphonse James de Rothschild, French financier and polo player (b. 1868)
- 1953 – Charles William Miller, British–Brazilian sportsman, considered as the 'father of Brazilian football' (b. 1874)
- 1954 – Andrass Samuelsen, 1st Prime Minister of the Faroe Islands (b. 1873)
- 1959 – José Vasconcelos, Mexican writer and politician (b. 1882)
- 1961 – Lee De Forest, American inventor (b. 1873)
- 1965 – Margarete Sommer, German social worker (b. 1893)
- 1966 – Giuseppe Farina, Italian racing driver (b. 1906)
- 1971 – Crew of Soyuz 11:
- Viktor Patsayev, Soviet cosmonaut (b. 1933)
- Georgi Dobrovolsky, Soviet cosmonaut (b. 1928)
- Vladislav Volkov, Soviet cosmonaut (b. 1935)
- 1971 – Georgi Asparuhov, Bulgarian footballer (b. 1943)
- 1971 – Nikola Kotkov, Bulgarian footballer (b. 1938)
- 1973 – Nancy Mitford, British writer and biographer (b. 1904)
- 1974 – Alberta Williams King, mother of Martin Luther King, Jr. (b. 1905)
- 1974 – Vannevar Bush, American engineer and politician (b. 1890)
- 1984 – Lillian Hellman, American playwright (b. 1905)
- 1985 – Haruo Remeliik, 1st President of Palau (b. 1933)
- 1993 – George "Spanky" McFarland, American actor (b. 1928)
- 1993 – Wong Ka Kui, Hong Kong singer–songwriter, guitarist and actor (b. 1962)
- 1995 – Georgy Beregovoy, Soviet cosmonaut (b. 1921)
- 1995 – Phyllis Hyman, American singer and songwriter (b. 1949)
- 1996 – Lakis Petropoulos, Greek footballer (b. 1932)
From 2001
[change | change source]- 2001 – Chet Atkins, American musician and producer (b. 1924)
- 2003 – Buddy Hackett, American comedian (b. 1924)
- 2007 – Sahib Singh Verma, Indian politician, 4th Chief Minister of Delhi (b. 1943)
- 2009 – Pina Bausch, German choreographer (b. 1940)
- 2011 – Georg Sterzinsky, German cardinal (b. 1936)
- 2012 – Yitzhak Shamir, former Prime Minister of Israel (b. 1915)
- 2013 – Keith Seaman, Australian politician, 29th Governor of South Australia (b. 1920)
- 2014 – Frank Cashen, American baseball executive (b. 1925)
- 2014 – Alvaro Corcuera, Mexican priest (b. 1957)
- 2014 – Christian Fuehrer, German pastor and activist (b. 1943)
- 2014 – Alejandra Da Passano, Argentine actress (b. 1947)
- 2014 – Zeljko Sturanovic, former Prime Minister of Montenegro (b. 1960)
- 2014 – Pierre Bec, French Occitan language poet (b. 1921)
- 2014 – Paul Mazursky, American director, screenwriter and actor (b. 1930)
- 2014 – Frank M. Robinson, American writer and screenwriter (b. 1926)
- 2014 – Bob Hastings, American actor (b. 1925)
- 2015 – Eddy Louiss, French jazz musician (b. 1941)
- 2015 – Leonard Starr, American cartoonist (b. 1925)
- 2016 – Martin Lundström, Swedish cross–country skier (b. 1918)
- 2016 – Geoffrey Hill, English poet (b. 1932)
- 2016 – Don Friedman, American jazz pianist (b. 1935)
- 2016 – Juan Habichuela, Spanish flamenco guitarist (b. 1933)
- 2016 – Gordon Murray, English puppeteer and television producer (b. 1921)
- 2017 – Simone Veil, French politician (b. 1927)
- 2017 – Barry Norman, English film critic (b. 1933)
- 2017 – Karunamaya Goswami, Bangladeshi musicologist (b. 1942)
- 2017 – Darrall Imhoff, American basketball player (b. 1938)
Observances
[change | change source]- Independence Day (Democratic Republic of the Congo)
- Philippine–Spanish Friendship Day
- Army Day (Guatemala)
- Revolution Day (Sudan)
- Navy Day (Israel)