Hujan asam
Hujan asam nyaéta hujan atawa bentuk présipitasi lianna anu sacara teu wajar watekna asam, ku naékna kadar ion hidrogén (pH leutik). Balukarna goréng pikeun tutuwuhan, sato cai, jeung infrastruktur. Hujan asam téh balukar tina émisi sanyawaan amonia, karbon, nitrogén, jeung walirang nu ngahiji jeung molekul cai di atmosfir nu ngahasilkeun asam. Pikeun ngungkulanana, pamaréntah sababaraha nagara geus nyieun tarékah ti taun 1970-an, utamana pikeun ngurangan produksi oksida walirang. Najan kitu, ieu prosés mémang lumangsung sacara alami, di antarana tina gelap jeung gunung bitu.
Watesan
[édit | édit sumber]"Hujan asam" téh istilah populér nu nujul ka déposisi baseuh (hujan, salju, hujan és, halimun, awan, ibun) jeung garing (partikel jeung gas) komponén nu watekna asam. Istilah nu leuwih méré nah nyaéta "déposisi asam".
Cai sulingan, nu karbon dioksidana geus dileungitkeun, boga pH nétral 7. Cairan anu pH-na kurang ti 7 boga watek asam, anapon anu leuwih ti 7 watekna basa. Hujan anu 'bérésih' atawa teu ngalaman polusi watekna rada asam, pH kira 5,2, ku sabab karbon dioksida jeung cai di udara jadi asam karbonat, hiji asam lemah, tapi ogé ngandung jat kimia lianna[1].
- H2O (l) + CO2 (g) → H2CO3 (aq)
Asam karbonat bisa diionkeun dina cai jadi ion hidronium jeung karbonat anu kadarna saeutik:
Déposisi asam salaku isu lingkungan ogé bisa ngawengku asam H2CO3.
Baca ogé
[édit | édit sumber]Rujukan
[édit | édit sumber]- ↑ Likens, G. E., W. C. Keene, J. M. Miller and J. N. Galloway. 1987. Chemistry of precipitation from a remote, terrestrial site in Australia. J. Geophys. Res. 92(D11):13,299-13,314.
Bacaan salajengna
[édit | édit sumber]- John McCormick, Acid Earth: The Global Threat of Acid Pollution (London: éarthscan, 1989) ISBN 1-85383-033-X
- Likens, G. E., R. F. Wright, J. N. Galloway and T. J. Butler. 1979. Acid rain. Sci. Amer. 241(4):43-51.
- Wéathers, K. C. and G. E. Likens. 2006. Acid rain. pp. 1549–1561. In: W. N. Rom (ed.). Environmental and Occupational Medicine. Lippincott-Raven Publ., Philadelphia. Fourth Edition.
Tumbu kaluar
[édit | édit sumber]- National Acid Precipitation Assessment Program Report - a 98-page report to Congress
- Acid rain for schools
- Acid rain for schools - Hubbard Brook Archived 2008-08-15 di Wayback Machine
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency - New England Acid Rain Program (superficial)
- Acid Rain Archived 2006-04-21 di Wayback Machine (more depth than ref. above)
- U.S. Géological Survey - What is acid rain?
- Acid rain analysis - freeware for simulation and evaluation of titration curves and pH calculations
- CBC Digital Archives – Acid Rain: Pollution and Politics
- Larssen, Thorjørn et al. “Acid Rain in China”. Environmental Science and Technology, 40:2, 2006, pp 418-425.
- Acid Rain: A Continuing National Tragedy - a report from The Adirondack Council on acid rain in the Adirondack region
- Assortment of Summaries on Acid Rain
- Acid rain linked to decline of the wood thrush, a songbird of the Eastern Forest Archived 2007-07-01 di Wayback Machine
- Trouble in the Forest, a 1988 documentary hosted by David Suzuki
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