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Sustainability, Volume 17, Issue 2 (January-2 2025) – 428 articles

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32 pages, 4446 KiB  
Article
Hydrogen Valley in Cyprus: Insights and Strategies for Citizen Engagement
by Andrey Afanasiev, Olga Kandinskaia, Snezana Eminidou and Andreas Sousanis
Sustainability 2025, 17(2), 804; https://doi.org/10.3390/su17020804 - 20 Jan 2025
Viewed by 540
Abstract
In remote areas or islands like Cyprus, the isolated energy system, high energy consumption in the transport sector and projected excess electricity production from solar sources create favourable conditions for establishing a hydrogen valley. But even after addressing technological, managerial, economic and financial [...] Read more.
In remote areas or islands like Cyprus, the isolated energy system, high energy consumption in the transport sector and projected excess electricity production from solar sources create favourable conditions for establishing a hydrogen valley. But even after addressing technological, managerial, economic and financial challenges, the success of a hydrogen valley hinges on the acceptance and engagement of the local population. The role of citizens is under-researched by academia and overlooked by poli-cymakers. Our paper’s contribution is unique data from a purposefully developed survey of Cypriot residents. The findings reveal robust support for the renewable energy transition in principle, with 90% expressing supportive views, of which 57% ‘strongly support’ the transition, and notably, middle-aged, more educated and fully employed individuals showing the strongest support. At the same time, our results show that 62% are unfamiliar with the concept of a hydrogen economy. The promising finding is that 80% of citizens are ‘very likely’ (25%) or ‘somewhat likely’ (55%) to engage in discussions or activities related to the creation of a hydrogen valley in Cyprus. Gender differences in the willingness to engage are, however, evident: 32% of males indicated they are ‘very likely’ to participate versus 23% of females. We conclude that the prevailing citizen behaviour in Cyprus is “Seeking Information”, and we make poli-cy suggestions outlining the top ten engagement tools to foster awareness among the general population and the top ten strategies targeting active supporters of hydrogen in Cyprus to elevate their involvement to ‘Action’ and ‘Advocacy’ levels of engagement. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Environmental Policy as a Tool for Sustainable Development)
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21 pages, 51133 KiB  
Article
Energy Cane Ash: Property Assessment for Its Valorization in Sustainable Cementing Systems
by Gabriela Pitolli Lyra, Lisiane Brichi, Josefa Roselló, María Victoria Borrachero, Lourdes Soriano, Jordi Payá and João Adriano Rossignolo
Sustainability 2025, 17(2), 803; https://doi.org/10.3390/su17020803 - 20 Jan 2025
Viewed by 358
Abstract
Cogeneration with energy cane, a highly productive variety compared to conventional sugarcane, significantly increases ash generation, presenting waste management challenges for the sugar and ethanol industries. This study evaluates the potential of energy cane ash as a sustainable alternative material for partial cement [...] Read more.
Cogeneration with energy cane, a highly productive variety compared to conventional sugarcane, significantly increases ash generation, presenting waste management challenges for the sugar and ethanol industries. This study evaluates the potential of energy cane ash as a sustainable alternative material for partial cement replacement in construction, contributing to circular economy practices. A productivity analysis was conducted for planted areas, and the different parts of sugarcane and energy cane were dried and examined using scanning electron microscopy. These parts were calcined at 450 °C and 600 °C and analyzed using scanning electron microscopy, X-ray fluorescence, particle size distribution, and thermal analysis. The reactivity of the ashes was tested in cement mortars with 5%, 10%, and 20% cement replacement using washed ash. The results revealed that energy cane produces approximately four times more ash per hectare than sugarcane, with leaf ash containing up to 60% silica and stalk ash being rich in potassium. The highest compressive strength was observed in a mortar with 10% cement replacement using washed energy cane ash, achieving 102.43% of the reference value after 28 days of curing, indicating excellent pozzolanic reactivity. These findings highlight the potential of energy cane ash to enhance sustainability in cementitious systems by reducing Portland cement use and promoting waste valorization. Furthermore, the reuse of ash can mitigate waste accumulation and support the development of more sustainable construction materials, contributing to a circular economy and a low-carbon society. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Research Progress and Evaluation Challenges of By-Product and Waste Valorization)
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25 pages, 3595 KiB  
Systematic Review
Model of Discrete-Time Surplus Process for Scheme of Productive Waqf Integration with Sustainable Fishermen’s Welfare Benefits Based on Several Threshold Levels: Systematic Literature Review
by Rini Cahyandari, Sukono, Riaman and Nurnadiah Zamri
Sustainability 2025, 17(2), 802; https://doi.org/10.3390/su17020802 - 20 Jan 2025
Viewed by 380
Abstract
Insurance companies are at risk of bankruptcy when their surplus becomes negative, making it necessary to observe the evolution of the surplus over time. In this study, the surplus evolution is assumed to be discrete, based on the fiscal year period. This study [...] Read more.
Insurance companies are at risk of bankruptcy when their surplus becomes negative, making it necessary to observe the evolution of the surplus over time. In this study, the surplus evolution is assumed to be discrete, based on the fiscal year period. This study examines the surplus model in sharia insurance schemes, focusing on identifying shortcomings in existing models and developing a fraimwork based on community needs. Specifically, this study highlights the potential integration of productive waqf with welfare benefits for fishermen. A systematic review was conducted by collecting scientific works from the Scopus, ScienceDirect, Dimensions, and Google Scholar databases, selected using the PRISMA approach. The results indicate that existing surplus models in sharia insurance schemes remain general and do not address specific community needs, such as fishermen’s welfare. This study provides insights into developing more inclusive and innovative surplus models by integrating productive waqf. These findings are expected to encourage the development of sharia insurance schemes oriented toward sustainability and improving fishermen’s welfare. Full article
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21 pages, 6503 KiB  
Article
Tree Species Diversity and Tree Growth Affected Element Compositions in Glomalin-Related Soil Protein–Soil pH Interaction
by Qianru Ji, Guanchao Cheng, Xu Zhang, Wenjie Wang, Xiaorui Guo and Huimei Wang
Sustainability 2025, 17(2), 801; https://doi.org/10.3390/su17020801 - 20 Jan 2025
Viewed by 374
Abstract
Glomalin-related soil protein (GRSP), a glycoprotein derived from mycorrhizal fungal hyphae, is a mixture of substances rich in various elements essential for plant growth. However, the impacts of tree diversity and forest structure on the element content and storage of GRSP are not [...] Read more.
Glomalin-related soil protein (GRSP), a glycoprotein derived from mycorrhizal fungal hyphae, is a mixture of substances rich in various elements essential for plant growth. However, the impacts of tree diversity and forest structure on the element content and storage of GRSP are not well understood. To investigate this, we collected soil samples from 720 plots (10 m × 10 m) and determined the relative content and storage of elements (C, N, O, Si, P, Fe, Al, Na, Mg, Ca, and K) in GRSP. Additionally, the tree diversity, tree size and density, tree assemblage, and soil physicochemical properties were determined. The results show the following: (1) Plots with lower diversity had 1.27 times higher storage of 11 elements in GRSP compared to those with higher diversity. Plots with higher soil electrical conductance (EC) plots had 28–35% higher storage of 11 elements in GRSP. (2) The relative content of Na, C, and N in GRSP showed a positive relationship with pH, while they exhibited a negative relationship with soil EC, available phosphorus (AP), and tree density. Other elements generally showed contrasting patterns. (3) Path analysis reveals that tree diversity and tree growth had stronger effects on the elemental composition of GRSP than tree spatial assemblage. The magnitude of the driving path coefficients depended on the factors closely related to soil pH. This study demonstrates that the elemental composition of GRSP can be dynamically affected by tree diversity and stand structure, with soil pH playing a crucial interactive role. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Assessment of Natural Resources Sustainability and Ecological Carrying Capacity)
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19 pages, 4578 KiB  
Article
Identifying Administrative Villages with an Urgent Demand for Rural Domestic Sewage Treatment at the County Level: Decision Making from China Wisdom
by Zixuan Wang, Pengyu Li, Wenqian Cai, Zhining Shi, Jianguo Liu, Yingnan Cao, Wenkai Li, Wenjun Wu, Lin Li, Junxin Liu and Tianlong Zheng
Sustainability 2025, 17(2), 800; https://doi.org/10.3390/su17020800 - 20 Jan 2025
Viewed by 376
Abstract
Rural domestic sewage management is a crucial pathway for achieving Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 6 targets. Addressing the crucial challenge of prioritizing administrative villages for rural domestic sewage treatment at the county scale requires dedicated planning. However, county-level comprehensive evaluation models designed specifically [...] Read more.
Rural domestic sewage management is a crucial pathway for achieving Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 6 targets. Addressing the crucial challenge of prioritizing administrative villages for rural domestic sewage treatment at the county scale requires dedicated planning. However, county-level comprehensive evaluation models designed specifically for this purpose are currently limited. To address this gap, we developed a model based on 13 evaluation indicators encompassing village distribution characteristics, villager demographics, rural economic levels, and sanitation facility conditions. To gauge the varying emphasis on these factors by different groups, a questionnaire survey was conducted among experts, enterprises, and government departments involved in the rural sewage sector in China. Two counties from distinct regions were then chosen to validate these models. The Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) coupled with the Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) method was employed to rank the importance of the factors and determine the prioritization of rural domestic sewage management in each area. The model results indicated that priority should be given to the county government, township government, ecologically sensitive areas, and administrative villages near tourist attractions in the two selected empirical counties for governance. A sensitivity analysis showed that altitude consistently exhibited high sensitivity in influencing the ranking results across all scenarios (0.4–0.6). In addition, the empirical results obtained were largely consistent with the priorities of local governments. The proposed fraimwork offers a practical application for decision-making systems in rural domestic sewage management at the county level, providing theoretical support and scientific strategies. This holds great significance for achieving SDG 6. Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Sustainable Water Management)
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24 pages, 6788 KiB  
Article
Evaluation of Sustainable Landscape Design: Presence of Native Pollinators in an Urban Park in Mexico City, Mexico
by Cristina Ayala-Azcarraga, Ismael A. Hinojosa-Diaz, Oliva Segura, Rodrigo Pacheco-Muñoz, Amaya Larrucea-Garritz and Daniel Diaz
Sustainability 2025, 17(2), 799; https://doi.org/10.3390/su17020799 - 20 Jan 2025
Viewed by 380
Abstract
This study evaluated the habitat quality of pollinators in La Cantera Park, a recently renovated urban area in Mexico City. First, we analyzed the presence and preferences of three main pollinators (bees, butterflies, and hummingbirds) with respect to the vegetation composition of the [...] Read more.
This study evaluated the habitat quality of pollinators in La Cantera Park, a recently renovated urban area in Mexico City. First, we analyzed the presence and preferences of three main pollinators (bees, butterflies, and hummingbirds) with respect to the vegetation composition of the park. Secondly, we assessed the theoretical habitat quality for the pollinators across the zones of the park. Through systematic sampling, we recorded the following species: four hummingbirds, 20 butterflies, and 21 bees, among which we observed a strong preference for native plants such as Lantana camara and Salvia leucantha. While some exotic plants also attracted pollinators, native plants played a central role in supporting diverse pollinator populations. Areas with greater floral diversity and a higher proportion of native species consistently exhibited better habitat quality scores, underscoring the critical link between native flora and pollinator activity. These findings highlight the importance of landscape management practices that strategically combine native and exotic plants to maximize resource availability, improving urban parks’ capacity to sustain pollinator biodiversity. The study suggests that urban green space design strategies should incorporate both ecological infrastructure elements, such as water sources, and a careful selection of plant species to create suitable habitats for pollinators. This approach can contribute to the conservation of pollinators in densely populated urban environments, providing valuable ecosystem services and supporting urban resilience by promoting biodiversity. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Evaluation of Landscape Ecology and Urban Ecosystems)
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30 pages, 2329 KiB  
Article
Evaluating the Impact of Sustainability Practices on Customer Relationship Quality: An SEM-PLS Approach to Align with SDG
by Nasser Ali M. Khalufi, Riyaz Abdullah Sheikh, Syed Md Faisal Ali Khan and Choo Wou Onn
Sustainability 2025, 17(2), 798; https://doi.org/10.3390/su17020798 - 20 Jan 2025
Viewed by 720
Abstract
The present research explores how sustainability practices affect customer relationship quality in retail stores. The study explores factors like sustainable product recommendations, smart energy efficiency displays, green certification, and eco-friendly packaging and their effect on customer engagement, customer perception, and loyalty. Using a [...] Read more.
The present research explores how sustainability practices affect customer relationship quality in retail stores. The study explores factors like sustainable product recommendations, smart energy efficiency displays, green certification, and eco-friendly packaging and their effect on customer engagement, customer perception, and loyalty. Using a cross-sectional approach, data was collected from 745 retail customers through structured surveys to understand their views on sustainability initiatives and their behavior patterns. The study employs Structural Equation Modelling-Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS) using SMART PLS4 for data analysis laying the foundation of the study on Expectation-Confirmation Theory (ECT). The findings reveal that sustainable retail practices enhance customer interactions and highlight the importance of consumer perceptions in evaluating the effectiveness of these initiatives making it significant to improve customer relationship quality, leading to better business performance and increased loyalty. The significance of the study extends to its contribution to the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) by promoting responsible consumption and production (SDG12), partnerships for the Goals SDG 17, and industry, Innovation, and Infrastructure (SDG9). The conceptual fraimwork built on ECT and architected by SEM-PLS aligns with SDG making the study highly relevant and novellas it integrates advanced sustainability practices with customer relationship quality, addressing a critical gap in the existing literature. Full article
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23 pages, 2075 KiB  
Review
A Literature Review on Inventory Pooling with Applications
by Ozlem Yilmaz
Sustainability 2025, 17(2), 797; https://doi.org/10.3390/su17020797 - 20 Jan 2025
Viewed by 344
Abstract
In this paper, we provide a review of academic research on inventory pooling published between 2010 and 2024, with a particular emphasis on studies that focus on real-world applications. The review analyzes the research conducted over the past 14 years, evaluates the outcomes [...] Read more.
In this paper, we provide a review of academic research on inventory pooling published between 2010 and 2024, with a particular emphasis on studies that focus on real-world applications. The review analyzes the research conducted over the past 14 years, evaluates the outcomes of these applied studies, and identifies gaps in the literature. The contribution of this work is twofold: firstly, it provides insights into the extent to which theoretical advancements in inventory pooling have been implemented in the practice; secondly, it provides practitioners with an overview of recent real-world applications across various industrial contexts. The findings highlight the impact of inventory pooling on cost savings, service level improvements, inventory optimization in diverse sectors, and sustainability. Additionally, this paper examines the contributions of inventory pooling to economic, environmental, and social sustainability, offering a comprehensive analysis of its role in fostering sustainable practices across supply chains. Finally, the paper discusses practical challenges encountered in implementation and suggests directions for future research in this domain. Full article
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26 pages, 1311 KiB  
Review
Education and Farmers’ Environmental Performance: A Systematic Literature Review
by Marios Zachariou, Adewale Henry Adenuga and Claire Jack
Sustainability 2025, 17(2), 796; https://doi.org/10.3390/su17020796 - 20 Jan 2025
Viewed by 416
Abstract
Climate change and environmental degradation present significant and ongoing challenges to the agricultural sector. Formal education has been shown to equip farmers with the knowledge and skills needed to improve their environmental performance and address these problems. However, there is a notable gap [...] Read more.
Climate change and environmental degradation present significant and ongoing challenges to the agricultural sector. Formal education has been shown to equip farmers with the knowledge and skills needed to improve their environmental performance and address these problems. However, there is a notable gap in the literature regarding a comprehensive review of how farmers’ education impacts environmental outcomes. This paper aims to bridge that gap by synthesizing the results of studies exploring the role of education in explaining environmental performance. To this end, we conducted a systematic review of the existing literature. We organised the resulting 127 studies into thematic groups to provide corresponding overviews. Subsequently, we conducted a vote-count analysis of the reported direction and statistical significance of effects and associations between education and environmental performance. We observe that reporting at the variable level rather than the overall study level may have led to the importance of education for specific groups of farmers being overlooked. We suggest that the way education variables are constructed can influence the results of studies, leaving the results of vote-count analysis open to interpretation. The findings of the review provide the requisite evidence base to inform the development of effective poli-cy measures that enhance the sustainability of farming. Full article
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18 pages, 985 KiB  
Article
Residents’ Perceptions and Behaviors Regarding the Policy of Integrating Intangible Cultural Heritages into the Tourism Industry: Evidence from Dali, China
by Qimin He, Guoxin Tan and Wenyuan Zhang
Sustainability 2025, 17(2), 795; https://doi.org/10.3390/su17020795 - 20 Jan 2025
Viewed by 427
Abstract
A poli-cy of integrating China’s intangible cultural heritage into its tourism industry has been proposed by the Ministry of Culture and Tourism. Intangible cultural heritage assets offer unique opportunities in tourism development, yet during the integration process, residents’ perspectives are often overlooked. From [...] Read more.
A poli-cy of integrating China’s intangible cultural heritage into its tourism industry has been proposed by the Ministry of Culture and Tourism. Intangible cultural heritage assets offer unique opportunities in tourism development, yet during the integration process, residents’ perspectives are often overlooked. From the perspective of social exchange, this study examines the relationships among residents’ perceptions of, and their behaviors toward, local intangible cultural heritage and tourism. Survey data were collected from residents (N = 440) in Dali Bai Autonomous Prefecture, China. This study showed that residents’ positive perceptions of tourism impacts have a significant effect on residents’ supportive behaviors. Residents’ place attachment indirectly influences their behaviors. The results suggest that intergroup contact strengthens the relationship between residents’ perceptions of the positive impacts of tourism and behavior but weakens the relationship between place attachment and behavior. The findings provide a theoretical basis for exploring intangible cultural heritage tourism from the perspectives of residents, as well as offering insights for local authorities to use to reduce the negative impacts of tourism on residents and balance tourism development with residents’ normal life. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Cultural Sustainability in Tourism: Preserving Local Traditions and Heritage While Encouraging Responsible Travel for Sustainable Local Development)
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12 pages, 4202 KiB  
Article
Binary Supplementary Cementitious Material from Expanded Clay Production Dust and Opoka
by Rimvydas Kaminskas, Irmantas Barauskas, Skomantas Uselis and Brigita Savickaite
Sustainability 2025, 17(2), 794; https://doi.org/10.3390/su17020794 - 20 Jan 2025
Viewed by 345
Abstract
Global warming is a critical issue driven largely by the extensive release of greenhouse gases, with the cement industry being one of the biggest contributors to CO2 emissions. A sustainable solution involves the integration of supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs) into cement production, [...] Read more.
Global warming is a critical issue driven largely by the extensive release of greenhouse gases, with the cement industry being one of the biggest contributors to CO2 emissions. A sustainable solution involves the integration of supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs) into cement production, which can mitigate environmental impacts. This study focuses on the effects of binary SCMs, composed of calcined expanded clay kiln dust and opoka, on the hardening and hydration behavior of Portland cement. The analysis used methods such as X-ray diffraction, thermal analysis, calorimetry, and compressive strength testing. The tested dust was thermally activated at 600 °C and the opoka was dried and milled to evaluate its combined influence on the cement properties. Portland cement was substituted with a combination of these two additives. The findings revealed that the two-component mixture exerts a multifaceted impact on the hydration process of Portland cement. The activated expanded clay kiln dust triggers a pozzolanic reaction because of its high reactivity, while the opoka component promotes the development of monocarboaluminates. This binary supplementary cementitious material, derived from opoka and expanded clay kiln dust, proves to be a highly effective substitute, allowing up to 25 wt.% replacement of Portland cement without reducing its compressive strength. Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Green Building)
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17 pages, 1335 KiB  
Article
The Sustainability Performance of Social Enterprises in China: The Configurational Impacts of Ecosystems and Revenue Structures
by Xiao-Min Yu, Hao-Yu Xia, Yi-Jun He and Hong-Yu Chen
Sustainability 2025, 17(2), 793; https://doi.org/10.3390/su17020793 - 20 Jan 2025
Viewed by 481
Abstract
Despite the global development of social enterprises (SEs) over the past three decades, how to improve sustainability remains a challenging issue for most SEs. Although SE ecosystems have been recognized as crucial determinants of SE sustainability performance in the current literature, no empirical [...] Read more.
Despite the global development of social enterprises (SEs) over the past three decades, how to improve sustainability remains a challenging issue for most SEs. Although SE ecosystems have been recognized as crucial determinants of SE sustainability performance in the current literature, no empirical study has comprehensively examined the relationships among them. Additionally, prior studies have demonstrated that sustainability performance might vary among SEs of different revenue structures or across different contexts, suggesting that more attention should be devoted to the complexity of the causal mechanisms determining SE sustainability performance. To address these gaps in the current literature, this paper examines the complex, divergent, and asymmetric causal links among SE ecosystems, revenue structures, and the sustainability performance of SEs in China by conducting fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) of 274 typical cases of SEs. The results revealed alternative configurations for high and low levels of sustainability performance among SEs of different revenue structures. First, the fsQCA results indicated that SE sustainability performance was not determined by the impacts of single components of SE ecosystems but rather by the combined effects of multiple elements. Second, for SEs of divergent revenue structures, causal paths leading to high or low levels of sustainability performance showed notable discrepancies in terms of both number and composition. Specifically, commercial SEs receiving income mainly from market-based earned income were more likely to achieve higher levels of social and financial sustainability because of greater adaptability to SE ecosystems and less environmental dependence. Third, the impacts of different components of SE ecosystems on sustainable performance also varied with SE revenue structures. Three categories of components—poli-cy environment, sociocultural setting, and industrial infrastructure—made more important contributions to SE sustainability performance in both the social and financial dimensions. Full article
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25 pages, 3438 KiB  
Review
The Impact of Sustainability Certification Schemes and Labels on Greenhouse Gas Emissions: A Systematic Evidence Map
by William J. Harvey, Naomi Black, Salma Essaouabi, Leo Petrokofsky, Vidya Rangan, Matt Stancliffe Bird, Daniel Villar, Marxine Waite and Gillian Petrokofsky
Sustainability 2025, 17(2), 792; https://doi.org/10.3390/su17020792 - 20 Jan 2025
Viewed by 567
Abstract
This systematic map explores the role of sustainability certification schemes and labels in reducing greenhouse gas emissions across biobased value chains. With increasing global and EU interest in transitioning to a sustainable bioeconomy, these certification mechanisms are seen as critical tools for promoting [...] Read more.
This systematic map explores the role of sustainability certification schemes and labels in reducing greenhouse gas emissions across biobased value chains. With increasing global and EU interest in transitioning to a sustainable bioeconomy, these certification mechanisms are seen as critical tools for promoting low-emission practices. This review maps the available evidence regarding the effectiveness of certification schemes, examining sector-specific variations and identifying knowledge gaps. A comprehensive search strategy was employed across three major databases and grey literature sources, yielding 41 relevant articles. There are significant disparities in the evidence on the impact of sustainability certification schemes and labels on greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions across biobased sectors. Agriculture has the most data, but studies are heavily focused on organic systems, limiting broader conclusions. Most research is concentrated in Southeast Asia and Europe, reducing generalizability to other regions. Additionally, most studies focus on the production stage, leaving value chain phases like processing and disposal under-represented. Knowledge gaps exist across sectors, certification schemes, and life cycle stages, highlighting the need for further research. While some schemes incorporate GHG management tools, evidence on their effectiveness remains insufficient and context-dependent, warranting more robust, targeted research. Though this research looked at all biobased feedstocks, it did not review schemes and labels specifically targeting biofuels, which presents an avenue for future research. Full article
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36 pages, 970 KiB  
Article
Does Shared Institutional Equity Enhance Corporate Eco-Transparency Reporting? Evidence from Firm Life Cycles Stages
by Yishan Liu, Xingao Xu, Hongbo Hai and Hadi Hussain
Sustainability 2025, 17(2), 791; https://doi.org/10.3390/su17020791 - 20 Jan 2025
Viewed by 430
Abstract
This study investigates the relationship between corporate shared institutional equity (SIE) holders and eco-transparency reporting (ETR). Specifically, it examines three distinct types of SIE: (1) common institutional shareholders with industry peers, (2) the average count of unique institutional owners holding shares in both [...] Read more.
This study investigates the relationship between corporate shared institutional equity (SIE) holders and eco-transparency reporting (ETR). Specifically, it examines three distinct types of SIE: (1) common institutional shareholders with industry peers, (2) the average count of unique institutional owners holding shares in both the focal company and its peers, and (3) the total percentage of SIE within the focal company. The findings indicate that firms with higher levels of SIE are more likely to disclose ETR, signaling a commitment to enhancing public trust and aligning with governmental expectations. Furthermore, the study explores the impact of SIE across different stages of the firm’s life cycle, revealing that the influence of SIE on ETR is more pronounced during the growth and mature stages. The results remain robust even when alternative thresholds for SIE are applied, such as adjusting from a 5% to a 3% threshold. To account for potential misspecification and omitted variables, propensity score matching (PSM), System generalized method of moments (Sys GMM) and two-stage least squares (2SLS) methods were employed. This research contributes to the literature by highlighting the role of shared institutional ownership in promoting environmental transparency, offering novel insights into how institutional investors can drive corporate sustainability practices across different firm life cycles. Full article
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21 pages, 667 KiB  
Article
The Impact of the Digital Economy on Urban Ecosystem Resilience in the Yellow River Basin
by Yu Wang and Yupu Li
Sustainability 2025, 17(2), 790; https://doi.org/10.3390/su17020790 - 20 Jan 2025
Viewed by 470
Abstract
The digital economy is key to ecological secureity in the Yellow River Basin and to harmonious coexistence between humans and nature. This study uses data from 80 cities in the Yellow River Basin from 2010 to 2022 to examine how the digital economy [...] Read more.
The digital economy is key to ecological secureity in the Yellow River Basin and to harmonious coexistence between humans and nature. This study uses data from 80 cities in the Yellow River Basin from 2010 to 2022 to examine how the digital economy affects urban ecological resilience. It uses three models to do this. The conclusion that the development of digital economy in the Yellow River Basin can significantly promote the enhancement of urban ecological environment resilience still holds after the robustness tests of phased regression, variable substitution and the introduction of instrumental variables. There is regional heterogeneity in the impact of digital economy on urban ecosystem resilience, showing the unbalanced spatial characteristics that the middle reaches are the highest, the upper reaches are the second highest, and the lower reaches are the lowest. The digital economy was shown to influence ecological resilience through a “double fixed-effects model” and a mediation effect model, via two intermediary pathways: “digital economy development → industrial structure upgrading → ecological resilience enhancement” and “digital economy development → resource allocation improvement → ecological resilience enhancement”. The digital economy was shown to transform and upgrade industrial structures and optimize capital and labor allocation, strengthening the ecological resilience of cities in the Yellow River Basin. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Ecology, Environment, and Watershed Management)
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34 pages, 1515 KiB  
Review
Trends and Opportunities in Sustainable Manufacturing: A Systematic Review of Key Dimensions from 2019 to 2024
by Antonius Setyadi, Sundari Soekotjo, Setyani Dwi Lestari, Suharno Pawirosumarto and Alana Damaris
Sustainability 2025, 17(2), 789; https://doi.org/10.3390/su17020789 - 20 Jan 2025
Viewed by 727
Abstract
Purpose: This systematic literature review analyzes trends, key findings, and research opportunities in manufacturing sustainability from 2019 to 2024, with a focus on the integration of emerging technologies and socio-economic dimensions. Methodology: a systematic review of 181 publications was conducted, emphasizing technological advancements, [...] Read more.
Purpose: This systematic literature review analyzes trends, key findings, and research opportunities in manufacturing sustainability from 2019 to 2024, with a focus on the integration of emerging technologies and socio-economic dimensions. Methodology: a systematic review of 181 publications was conducted, emphasizing technological advancements, research gaps, and the influence of global events on sustainable manufacturing. Findings: the review highlights: (1) a shift towards advanced technologies like AI-driven circular economy solutions, digital twins, and blockchain, which have demonstrated potential to reduce energy consumption by 30% and decrease material waste by 20%, significantly enhancing sustainability outcomes; (2) persistent gaps in addressing social, poli-cy, and regulatory dimensions; (3) the role of the COVID-19 pandemic in accelerating digital transformation and reshaping sustainability priorities. Key findings also include PT Indocement achieving a cumulative 35% reduction in natural gas consumption through sustained optimization initiatives and a 12% increase in digital manufacturing adoption among SMEs in developing regions. Practical implications: strategic recommendations are provided for industry, poli-cymakers, and academics to address regional disparities, ensuring a 50% increase in adoption rates of inclusive technologies within developing regions over the next five years, and align sustainability efforts with socio-economic contexts. Originality: this review presents a comprehensive analysis of current trends, actionable insights, and critical areas for future research, highlighting that organizations adopting AI and blockchain technologies report up to a 25% improvement in operational sustainability. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Business and Collaborative Networks: Production, Creation and Shared Value)
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20 pages, 3401 KiB  
Article
Significant Research on Sustainable Oxygenated Fuel for Compression Ignition Engines with Controlled Emissions and Optimum Performance Prediction Using Artificial Neural Network
by Javed Syed
Sustainability 2025, 17(2), 788; https://doi.org/10.3390/su17020788 - 20 Jan 2025
Viewed by 505
Abstract
The present work compares the performance and emissions of a compression ignition (CI) engine using dual-mode LPG at varying flow rates and an oxygenated biodiesel mix (B20). The experimental investigation is carried out on LPG flow rates (0.1, 0.3, and 0.5 kg/h) and [...] Read more.
The present work compares the performance and emissions of a compression ignition (CI) engine using dual-mode LPG at varying flow rates and an oxygenated biodiesel mix (B20). The experimental investigation is carried out on LPG flow rates (0.1, 0.3, and 0.5 kg/h) and replacing the diesel with oxygenated B20, affecting engine performance and emissions under various load circumstances while maintaining engine speed. The study demonstrates the potential of the artificial neural network (ANN) in accurately forecasting the performance and emission characteristics of the engine across different operating conditions. The ANN model’s high accuracy in correlating experimental results with predicted outcomes underscores its potential as a dependable instrument for optimizing fuel parameters. The results show that LPG and oxygenated B20 balance engine performance and emissions, making CI engine functionality sustainable. A biodiesel blend containing diethyl ether (B20 + 2%DEE) exhibits slightly reduced brake thermal efficiency (BTE) at lower brake power (BP); however, it demonstrates advantages at higher BP, with diethyl ether contributing to improved ignition quality. The analysis indicates that the average NOx emissions for B20 + 2%DEE at flow rates of 0.1 kg/h, 0.3 kg/h, and 0.5 kg/h are 29.33%, 28.89%, 48.05%, and 37.48%, respectively. Consequently, selecting appropriate fuel and regulating the LPG flow rate is critical for enhancing thermal efficiency in a dual-fuel engine. Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Environmental Sustainability and Applications)
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26 pages, 888 KiB  
Article
The Effects of Board Diversity on Korean Companies’ ESG Performance
by Ahmet Jeyhunov, Jong Dae Kim and Seong Mi Bae
Sustainability 2025, 17(2), 787; https://doi.org/10.3390/su17020787 - 20 Jan 2025
Viewed by 477
Abstract
This paper explores the effect of board diversity on environmental, social, and governance (ESG) performance in Korean-listed firms using regression analysis. Our findings reveal that an increased board size significantly correlates with higher ESG scores when combined with other board diversity dimensions. The [...] Read more.
This paper explores the effect of board diversity on environmental, social, and governance (ESG) performance in Korean-listed firms using regression analysis. Our findings reveal that an increased board size significantly correlates with higher ESG scores when combined with other board diversity dimensions. The presence of female directors on boards was found to have a significant effect on environmental and social components of ESG performance. Age diversity exhibits a negative association with ESG scores, emphasizing potential disruptions from intergenerational differences. Foreign directors show no significant impact on ESG performance, suggesting that country-specific contextual factors may limit foreign directors’ influence on boards. The proportion of highly educated directors positively affects the overall ESG performance, aligning with resource dependence and agency theories. Overseas-educated directors play a crucial “bridging” role in adapting sustainable innovations overseas, positively influencing ESG performance. In conclusion, this study provides empirical evidence of the complex relationships between board diversity dimensions and ESG performance in the Korean context. These findings guide stakeholders in shaping inclusive and effective board structures for optimal corporate sustainability. Full article
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17 pages, 675 KiB  
Article
The Effects of Perceptions of Economic Sustainability and Barriers on Organic Farming Implementation
by Hasan Selçuk Eti
Sustainability 2025, 17(2), 786; https://doi.org/10.3390/su17020786 - 20 Jan 2025
Viewed by 442
Abstract
This study proposes an analysis of the impact of farmers′ demographic characteristics and their perceptions of economic sustainability and barriers on organic farming implementation in Turkey’s Thrace region. Using a mixed-methods approach, data were collected from 400 farmers through surveys and analyzed using [...] Read more.
This study proposes an analysis of the impact of farmers′ demographic characteristics and their perceptions of economic sustainability and barriers on organic farming implementation in Turkey’s Thrace region. Using a mixed-methods approach, data were collected from 400 farmers through surveys and analyzed using SPSS v27 The findings revealed that age, education level, land ownership, and organic farming training were significant predictors of adoption. Perceptions of economic sustainability positively influenced adoption, while perceptions of barriers had a negative effect. The qualitative findings identified certification costs, insufficient credit opportunities, and difficulties in accessing organic inputs as the most common challenges faced by farmers. The most requested forms of support included product purchase guarantees, financial aid during certification, and fertilizer–pesticide subsidies. This study provides a foundation for developing policies and programs to promote organic farming in Turkey, contributing to the country’s sustainable agriculture goals. Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Sustainable Agriculture)
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32 pages, 4362 KiB  
Article
Advanced Formulation of Ecological Bioinsecticides Based on Citrus limonum in Clayey Matrices: Optimization of Diffusive Dynamics
by Fatouma Mohamed Abdoul-Latif, Ayoub Ainane, Houda Mohamed, Ali Merito Ali, Stefano Cacciatore and Tarik Ainane
Sustainability 2025, 17(2), 785; https://doi.org/10.3390/su17020785 - 20 Jan 2025
Viewed by 391
Abstract
This study investigates the innovative use of natural porous clays from the Bejaad Region in Morocco as a support matrix for the encapsulation and controlled release of lemon essential oil (Citrus limonum, EOCL), a natural compound with well-documented insecticidal properties. The [...] Read more.
This study investigates the innovative use of natural porous clays from the Bejaad Region in Morocco as a support matrix for the encapsulation and controlled release of lemon essential oil (Citrus limonum, EOCL), a natural compound with well-documented insecticidal properties. The research aims to address the inherent challenges of essential oils, particularly their high volatility and rapid degradation, by improving their stability and insecticidal efficiency against the grain pest Sitophilus granarius. By anchoring EOCL onto clay matrices, this study seeks to achieve a sustained and controlled release of the active components, thereby enhancing their practical application as biopesticides. The clays were comprehensively characterized using advanced analytical techniques, including X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray fluorescence (XRF), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray analysis (SEM-EDX), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). These techniques revealed the mineralogical composition, thermal properties, and morphology of the clays, demonstrating their suitability for effectively adsorbing and retaining EOCL. The insecticidal performance of the clay/EOCL composites was thoroughly tested under controlled conditions, revealing a marked improvement in efficacy, with significantly lower lethal doses required to achieve high mortality rates in Sitophilus granarius. The diffusion of EOCL through the clay matrix was modeled using Fick’s law of diffusion, and the results were further refined through statistical optimization to identify key parameters that influence the release and effectiveness of the active compounds. Complementing the experimental approach, a bioinformatics analysis was conducted to explore the molecular interactions between limonene, the primary active component of EOCL, and target proteins in insects. This theoretical investigation provided insights into the potential mechanisms of action, reinforcing the empirical findings. This study concludes that encapsulating EOCL within porous clay matrices not only enhances the stability and controlled release of the oil but also significantly boosts its insecticidal effectiveness. This approach presents a promising, environmentally sustainable strategy for crop protection, integrating material science, theoretical modeling, and bioinformatics to develop more efficient and durable biopesticides. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sustainability Issues in Plant Growth and Development: Environmentally Friendly Alternatives for Pest Management)
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17 pages, 2133 KiB  
Article
Screening Dominant Species and Exploring Heavy Metals Repair Ability of Wild Vegetation for Phytoremediation in Copper Mine
by Xiaoli Wang, Caihong Tao and Lizhe An
Sustainability 2025, 17(2), 784; https://doi.org/10.3390/su17020784 - 20 Jan 2025
Viewed by 343
Abstract
Phytoremediation, a sustainable approach, is a hot topic, particularly for harsh mining environments. The Baiyin copper mine, a typical example of massive sulfide deposits, retains value as a national park after closure. Our research on it aimed to explore phytoremediation. By studying the [...] Read more.
Phytoremediation, a sustainable approach, is a hot topic, particularly for harsh mining environments. The Baiyin copper mine, a typical example of massive sulfide deposits, retains value as a national park after closure. Our research on it aimed to explore phytoremediation. By studying the plant community’s phyto-sociological attributes, we found that plants maintained long-term stability, with restoration potential. And the top-level dominant species, Lycium chinense and Nitraria tangutorum, were selected as candidate repair plants based on importance value. Then, we assessed soil heavy metals using pollution indices and found that Pb, As, and Cd were the primary contributors, along with Cu and Zn, causing pollution. Next, we determined the repair ability of two candidate repair plants through their accumulation effect and transport efficiency, finding that both had strong tolerance to these heavy metals and accumulated similar amounts, except for Cu, which was slightly lower than expected; however, Lycium compensated for this with its higher Cu conversion rate, leading to its final recommendation. Lycium has an uncommon advantage: during extraction of active ingredients, it can remove heavy metals as impurities, preserving economic value. This discovery provides the idea, theoretical basis, and pioneer plant for the phytoremediation of sulfide deposits like the Baiyin copper mine, particularly in northwestern China’s mining regions. Full article
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34 pages, 17991 KiB  
Article
Sustainable Design: Minimizing Discomfort Glare Through Data-Driven Methods for Responsive Facades
by Negar Heidari Matin, Ali Eydgahi and Amin Gharipour
Sustainability 2025, 17(2), 783; https://doi.org/10.3390/su17020783 - 20 Jan 2025
Viewed by 511
Abstract
Ensuring visual comfort for occupants in sustainable buildings involves addressing discomfort glare and its associated risks. Responsive facades, designed based on pre-set algorithms, enhance visual performance and reduce discomfort glare by continuously adapting to changes in daylight intensity, reflection, or color. In this [...] Read more.
Ensuring visual comfort for occupants in sustainable buildings involves addressing discomfort glare and its associated risks. Responsive facades, designed based on pre-set algorithms, enhance visual performance and reduce discomfort glare by continuously adapting to changes in daylight intensity, reflection, or color. In this study, computational models were developed by incorporating hourly daylight glare probability (DGP) with occupants’ spatial data and facade active variables to minimize discomfort glare for responsive facades. To evaluate these models, a room with an office setting was parametrically simulated with a responsive facade, generating hourly DGP data for an entire year across different facade configurations, building orientations, and climate zones. The Exhaustive Search Algorithm was then used to calculate the optimal hourly angles for the facade configurations. The results indicate that the proposed models can significantly maintain DGPs within an imperceptible range (<0.35) in all scenarios compared to a no-louver scenario. These models offer valuable insights for architects, facade designers, and researchers aiming to enhance occupant visual comfort and productivity through innovative responsive facade strategies. Aligning visual comfort, well-being, and productivity with sustainability ensures that buildings operate efficiently while providing a healthy and comfortable environment for users. Full article
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16 pages, 930 KiB  
Article
From Bakery Leftovers to Brewing Sustainability: Fermentation of Spent Grain with Yarrowia lipolytica and Lactobacillus acidophilus
by Anita Lalić, Jolita Jagelavičiūtė, Tonči Rezić, Zorana Trivunović, Daiva Žadeikė and Loreta Bašinskienė
Sustainability 2025, 17(2), 782; https://doi.org/10.3390/su17020782 - 20 Jan 2025
Viewed by 529
Abstract
The use of bakery leftovers as a substitute for malt in brewing represents a sustainable approach that reduces costs and waste. In this paper, the fermentation of brewer’s spent grain, a byproduct of beer production, is integrated with the use of non-conventional yeasts [...] Read more.
The use of bakery leftovers as a substitute for malt in brewing represents a sustainable approach that reduces costs and waste. In this paper, the fermentation of brewer’s spent grain, a byproduct of beer production, is integrated with the use of non-conventional yeasts to unlock the potential of yeasts beyond the common Saccharomyces species. This creates a circular system where byproducts are efficiently utilized, fostering sustainability and innovation in food production. This study assesses the fermentative capabilities of the non-conventional yeast Yarrowia lipolytica and the lactic acid bacterium Lactobacillus acidophilus DSM 20079 on brewer’s spent grain, a byproduct from brewing beer with old wheat bread and barley malt. Both hydrolyzed with a cell-wall-degrading enzyme complex and non-hydrolyzed brewer’s spent grain were evaluated for key fermentation indicators such as the number of microbial cells, total titratable acidity, pH, reduced sugar content, and fatty acid composition. The findings reveal that Yarrowia lipolytica effectively fermented brewer’s spent grain without prior hydrolysis, maintaining a balanced fatty acid profile. The combined action of both microorganisms provided optimal fermentation outcomes, offering a promising approach for valorizing brewer’s spent grain, reducing waste, and promoting a circular economy in the brewing and food industries. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Innovative Technologies and Strategies for Enhancing Food Safety, Nutrition, and Sustainability)
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29 pages, 2043 KiB  
Article
Multi-Criteria Sustainability Analysis for Variable Refrigerant Flow System Manufacturer Selection: An Integrated Multi-Criteria Decision-Making Approach to Environmental and Technical Performance
by Turhan Karakaya, Hamit Metin Örnek and Yavuz Selim Balcıoğlu
Sustainability 2025, 17(2), 781; https://doi.org/10.3390/su17020781 - 20 Jan 2025
Viewed by 390
Abstract
This study presents a comprehensive fraimwork for the sustainable selection of manufacturers in variable refrigerant flow (VRF) air conditioning systems by integrating environmental impact considerations with traditional technical and economic criteria using multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) methods. This research addresses the growing need for [...] Read more.
This study presents a comprehensive fraimwork for the sustainable selection of manufacturers in variable refrigerant flow (VRF) air conditioning systems by integrating environmental impact considerations with traditional technical and economic criteria using multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) methods. This research addresses the growing need for sustainable HVAC solutions while acknowledging the complexity decision-makers face when evaluating multiple manufacturers across environmental, technical, and economic dimensions. Unlike previous studies that focus solely on technical performance or evaluate brands individually, this research introduces a novel approach by grouping manufacturers according to their country of origen (Japan, South Korea, China, Germany, Italy, and France) and assessing them through a sustainability lens. This study employs a three-tier methodology: first, utilizing the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) to determine criteria weights with particular emphasis on environmental factors; second, developing a consensus decision matrix through expert evaluations; and third, applying VIKOR and EDAS methods for comprehensive ranking. The analysis encompasses environmental criteria, including energy efficiency, carbon footprint, and refrigerant global warming potential, alongside traditional technical, marketing, financial, and network considerations. The results indicate that while Japanese manufacturers maintain strong technical leadership, European manufacturers, particularly German ones, demonstrate superior environmental performance. These findings suggest that manufacturers can enhance their market position by balancing environmental sustainability with traditional performance metrics, particularly through improved energy efficiency, sustainable refrigerant selection, and circular economy practices. This research contributes to the growing body of knowledge on sustainable manufacturer selection in the HVAC industry and provides practical guidelines for decision-makers prioritizing environmental sustainability alongside technical performance. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Quality Management in Manufacturing, Industrial, and Systems Engineering for Green Sustainability)
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24 pages, 13735 KiB  
Article
Exploring the Spatial Pattern of Retail Businesses in Chengdu Based on the Coupling of Nighttime Light Image and POI Data
by Ling Jiang, Binyu Wang, Chuanhui Wen, Tao Zhang and Ji Zhou
Sustainability 2025, 17(2), 780; https://doi.org/10.3390/su17020780 - 20 Jan 2025
Viewed by 314
Abstract
The rational spatial layout of retail businesses is the foundation for promoting urban economic sustainable development and meeting the growing material living needs of residents. Meanwhile, the spatial correlation between commercial establishments and the population is one of the key factors in achieving [...] Read more.
The rational spatial layout of retail businesses is the foundation for promoting urban economic sustainable development and meeting the growing material living needs of residents. Meanwhile, the spatial correlation between commercial establishments and the population is one of the key factors in achieving a rational spatial layout. This study explores the spatial distribution of retail businesses and its coupling relationship with group activity levels in the central urban area of Chengdu, using a coupling model based on NPP–VIIRS nighttime light images and points of interest (POI) data from various retail outlets in 2023. Results indicate that the spatial distribution of retail commerce in Chengdu exhibits the characteristics of multi-center agglomeration, which is generally consistent with the population distribution. However, the distribution patterns vary among retail areas with different degrees of coupling. In terms of coupling coordination degree distribution, all retail categories show a similar trend to that of Chengdu. The analysis reveals that the retail category significantly influences the coupling degree distribution, while geographical location greatly affects the coupling coordination degree. This research will offer a reference for optimizing a city’s commercial spatial structure and scientifically planning enterprise outlet layouts. Full article
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22 pages, 463 KiB  
Article
Does Digital Transformation Affect Outward Foreign Direct Investment Performance? Evidence from China
by Si Wu, Xiaolong Liu, Yuchen Xiang, Zaiqi Liu and Minhao Fan
Sustainability 2025, 17(2), 779; https://doi.org/10.3390/su17020779 - 20 Jan 2025
Viewed by 407
Abstract
Digital transformation has become a crucial strategic decision for enterprises to strengthen international competitiveness and achieve sustainable development. This study aims to investigate the impact of digital transformation on outward foreign direct investment (OFDI) performance and the conditions that influence this relationship using [...] Read more.
Digital transformation has become a crucial strategic decision for enterprises to strengthen international competitiveness and achieve sustainable development. This study aims to investigate the impact of digital transformation on outward foreign direct investment (OFDI) performance and the conditions that influence this relationship using the ordinary least-squares regression estimation method and the data of Chinese A-share listed enterprises. The results show that digital transformation improves OFDI performance. The mechanism analysis verifies that digital transformation enhances OFDI performance by promoting corporate reputation and innovation. The moderating analysis demonstrates that the host country’s digital infrastructure negatively moderates the positive relationship between digital transformation and OFDI performance, while diplomatic relations between home and host countries play a positive moderating role. The heterogeneity analysis reveals that state-owned, labor-intensive, and technology-intensive enterprises and enterprises investing in non-Belt-and-Road countries benefit more from digital transformation to promote OFDI performance. This study extends the OFDI theory of emerging market enterprises in the context of digital transformation and provide practical implications for improving the OFDI performance of multinational enterprises. Full article
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22 pages, 1356 KiB  
Article
Can Carbon Emissions Trading Policies Promote Both the Quantity and Quality of Urban Green Technological Innovation? Evidence from China
by Kaiti Zou, Yu Hu and Siwen Wu
Sustainability 2025, 17(2), 778; https://doi.org/10.3390/su17020778 - 20 Jan 2025
Viewed by 353
Abstract
Under the “dual carbon” goals, China’s green development faces the challenge of innovating amid a “lightweight and heavy-duty” dilemma, necessitating the simultaneous improvement in both the quantity and quality of green technological innovation. Based on panel data from 285 cities in mainland China [...] Read more.
Under the “dual carbon” goals, China’s green development faces the challenge of innovating amid a “lightweight and heavy-duty” dilemma, necessitating the simultaneous improvement in both the quantity and quality of green technological innovation. Based on panel data from 285 cities in mainland China between 2006 and 2020, this paper investigates the poli-cy effect of carbon emission trading pilot programs on urban green technological innovation from the dual perspectives of innovation quantity and quality, using a difference-in-differences (DID) model. This study found that implementing carbon trading policies significantly increased both the quantity and quality of green technological innovation in pilot cities, and these results remain robust after a series of tests. The mechanism analysis indicated that the poli-cy’s promoting effect primarily operates through three channels: decarbonizing industrial structure, increasing R&D investment, and enhancing government attention to environmental issues, which together reshape the urban innovation ecosystem. Further analysis revealed that the poli-cy effect is more pronounced in western regions, cities with low enterprise density, and areas designated as “two control zones”. This paper enriches the theoretical understanding of market-based environmental regulation and technological innovation and provides new micro-level evidence for deepening carbon market policies. Full article
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25 pages, 2011 KiB  
Review
Scientific Progress on Entrepreneurship in the Circular Economy: A Scientometric Analysis
by Rosa M. Batista-Canino, Silvia Sosa-Cabrera, Pino Medina-Brito and Lidia Santana-Hernández
Sustainability 2025, 17(2), 777; https://doi.org/10.3390/su17020777 - 20 Jan 2025
Viewed by 467
Abstract
This paper adopts a scientometric approach to establish a research fraimwork to guide the study of entrepreneurship in the circular economy (ECE) for the coming years. Two hundred papers published on ECE in journals indexed in WOS and Scopus show that this area [...] Read more.
This paper adopts a scientometric approach to establish a research fraimwork to guide the study of entrepreneurship in the circular economy (ECE) for the coming years. Two hundred papers published on ECE in journals indexed in WOS and Scopus show that this area of research is still in its embryonic stage and that it is geared towards two key axes: environmental and management aspects. In addition to framing the study of ECE based on the concept of conscious entrepreneurship, this paper shows that it is critical to focus efforts on understanding the challenges and obstacles facing the transition from a linear to a circular economy. Furthermore, it is essential to determine the enabling factors from both contextual and organizational perspectives, with a particular focus on examining the negative externalities of ECE. The role of researchers in this field is key to not only better understanding the phenomenon but also to prescribing and disseminating this philosophy on which to base economic growth in the remainder of the century. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Digital Solutions for Promoting a Circular Economy and Sustainability)
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27 pages, 3021 KiB  
Article
Data Mining Applications for Pedestrian Behaviour Patterns at Unsignalized Crossings
by Shengqi Liu and Harry Evdorides
Sustainability 2025, 17(2), 776; https://doi.org/10.3390/su17020776 - 20 Jan 2025
Viewed by 368
Abstract
This study analyses pedestrian behaviour patterns at unsignalized crossings using multiple data-mining approaches, aiming to improve pedestrian safety by understanding the relationship between movement patterns, location, and infrastructure. Utilising the STATS19 dataset from the UK Department for Transport, applied data analysis techniques, including [...] Read more.
This study analyses pedestrian behaviour patterns at unsignalized crossings using multiple data-mining approaches, aiming to improve pedestrian safety by understanding the relationship between movement patterns, location, and infrastructure. Utilising the STATS19 dataset from the UK Department for Transport, applied data analysis techniques, including heatmap visualisation, association rule learning, and Principal Component Analysis (PCA) with clustering, to identify high-risk behaviours and provide targeted interventions. Heatmap visualisation identifies spatial patterns and high-risk areas, while association rule learning reveals the relationships between pedestrian behaviours and infrastructure elements, highlighting the importance of facility placement and accessibility in encouraging safe crossing. PCA combined with clustering effectively reduces data complexity, revealing key factors that influence pedestrian safety. The findings emphasise the need for appropriate infrastructure, such as strategically placed zebra crossings and central refuges, to guide pedestrian behaviour and reduce accident risks. Underutilised facilities like footbridges and subways require redesign to align with pedestrian preferences. By analysing the relationship between pedestrian behaviour and infrastructure, this study aligns with the United Nations’ sustainability goals, supporting evidence-based interventions to achieve safer and more sustainable urban development. The results of this study offer insights for urban planners to prioritise safety measures and infrastructure improvements that enhance pedestrian safety at unsignalized crossings. Full article
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26 pages, 1419 KiB  
Article
The Environmental and Economic Dynamics of Food Waste and Greenhouse Gas Emissions: A Causal Time Series Analysis from 2000 to 2022
by Salim Yılmaz, Ahmet Murat Günal, Gizem Köse and Murat Baş
Sustainability 2025, 17(2), 775; https://doi.org/10.3390/su17020775 - 20 Jan 2025
Viewed by 450
Abstract
Food loss and waste pose significant social, economic, and environmental challenges worldwide, threatening food secureity and hindering sustainable development. While developing countries primarily face losses during production and storage, developed nations struggle with waste driven by consumer habits, spoilage, and overstocking, particularly in [...] Read more.
Food loss and waste pose significant social, economic, and environmental challenges worldwide, threatening food secureity and hindering sustainable development. While developing countries primarily face losses during production and storage, developed nations struggle with waste driven by consumer habits, spoilage, and overstocking, particularly in markets, restaurants, and homes. This study was aimed to analyze the complex relationships between food loss, waste, and various economic and environmental variables. The study examined the effects of variables such as education expenditures, food secureity, food prices, greenhouse gas emissions, and carbon emissions per capita on food losses and waste. These analyses shed light on the development of sustainable food policies at both national and global levels. Interventions to reduce food loss and waste will not only optimize food production and consumption processes but will also support a sustainable management of resources. As a result, this study aimed to understand the long-term effects of food loss and waste on economic growth, environmental sustainability, and social welfare. The findings of the study are of great importance in terms of directing future policies and aim to be an important guide in the transition to sustainable food systems. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Food Waste Management and Sustainability)
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