Cerebral palsy is a group of brain disorders that affect muscles and body movement. The condition is caused by damage to parts of the brain that control muscle movement, balance, and posture.

There are several types of cerebral palsy, classified by the kind of movement affected, the body parts affected, and how severe the symptoms are.

Symptoms of cerebral palsy vary in type, can range from mild to severe, and can change over time. Symptoms are different for each person, depending on the areas of the brain that have been affected.

The early signs of cerebral palsy include developmental delays, abnormal muscle tone, and abnormal posture.

Cerebral palsy is caused by damage or abnormal development in the parts of the brain that control movement.

Some events or medical problems during pregnancy can increase the risk of congenital cerebral palsy, including low birth weight or preterm birth, multiple gestations, and infertility treatments.

A healthcare provider may find signs of cerebral palsy during a well-baby or well-child visit examination. He or she may then refer the child to specialists for an accurate diagnosis.

A child may need one or several different types of treatment depending on how severe the symptoms are and what parts of the body are affected.

NICHD conducts and supports research relevant to cerebral palsy, including studies of the mechanisms of brain injuries, ways to prevent the condition, and new treatments and rehabilitative approaches.

NICHD conducts and supports a variety of clinical research projects related to cerebral palsy.

Find answers to other common questions about cerebral palsy, such as how to reduce the risk, associated conditions, and health challenges in adults with cerebral palsy.

Links to websites of groups that study or provide information about cerebral palsy.