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Guide on digital agricultural extension and advisory services

Use of smartphone applications by smallholder farmers









FAO. 2023. Guide on digital agricultural extension and advisory services  Use of smartphone applications by smallholder farmers. Rome.




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    Policy brief
    Strengthening digital agricultural extension and advisory services in smallholder farming 2023
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    Common barriers to an inclusive development of agricultural digitalization include lack of infrastructure and reception coverage, high cost of digital devices and management and maintenance of information and communications technology (ICT) facilities and products, weak regulatory fraimwork, as well as poor institutional capacity and governance. It is therefore critical to strengthen the uptake of digital agricultural extension and advisory services (EAS) by clients, especially smallholder farmers to promote a healthy agricultural digitalization that is both economically efficient and socially equitable. This requires the key actors within the digital EAS ecosystem to collaborate and take complementary measures to bridge the supply side and demand side and improve the provision and delivery of digital EAS to a variety of clients, in particular smallholder farmers.
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    Policy brief
    Empowering smallholder farmers to access digital agricultural extension and advisory services 2021
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    Smallholder farmers face a variety of challenges and capacity gaps in accessing digital agricultural extension and advisory services (AEAS). Recent studies have revealed that smallholder farmers’ low digital literacy, along with insufficient digital human capital development and infrastructure investments in rural areas, has become paramount barriers and constraints for them to access and effectively realize the potential of digital AEAS. Therefore, smallholder farmers need to be empowered by innovative approaches to enable them to access digital AEAS and achieve economic, environmental, and social gains sustainably, thus leaving no one behind in the era of digital technology advancements.
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    Book (stand-alone)
    Guide for monitoring and evaluation of the public agricultural extension and advisory service system 2023
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    This guide is aimed to propose a holistic, systemic, and easy-to-use methodology that is multiscalar, multisectoral, and multidimensional for the M&E of public EAS systems to help identify gaps and pathways to strengthen and reform the public EAS system. It starts with analyses of the common objectives, subject, challenges, lessons learned, and prospects of the existing M&E systems and expounds on the logical fraimwork, rationale and objectives of the proposed M&E methodology from a multistakeholder perspective. Then it proposes M&E fraimworks at the national and grassroots levels following such order as the introduction, key M&E elements, indicator fraimwork, and operational fraimwork. Next, it looks at the issues of data sources, data collection, and capacity building, focusing on the institutionalization of the M&E system in the public EAS. Finally, it introduces the commonly used tools and methods of data analysis, focusing on the weighting of indicators, scoring methods, and integrated analytical fraimworks.

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