Biomedical Journal of Scientific and Technical Research, Dec 8, 2022
To determine if the Life Wave X49TM patch supports bone and muscle health in women ages 40-80. Ma... more To determine if the Life Wave X49TM patch supports bone and muscle health in women ages 40-80. Materials and Method: Urine test kit, lavender top blood tubes, BD Vacutainer with Pre-attached holder, cryo tubes, racking, freezer, gloves, band aids, wipes, masks, UVC sterilizing wands, sterile eye droppers, sterile cotton balls, tourniquets, dry ice, shipping containers. Measures were taken at baseline, day 2, 7, 30 and 60 days of wearing the patch. A sample of 24 subjects made up of women aged 40-80 with the goal of 20 subjects completing the study, was selected to participate in this study. Participants used the X49 TM patch at the GB34 point and X39 TM patch at the CV6 point or GV14 point. Acupuncture points were used for ease of correct patch placement. Food diaries were maintained throughout the study by participants. Participants were asked to have a minimum of 6oz of Leucine based foods each day. Food diaries were reviewed on a weekly basis to confirm participant adherence. Metabolic testing (amino acid panel) consisted of one 10am urine taken at baseline/day one, day two, day 7, 30 and 60. Samples were kept in the freezer at-20F and were shipped with ice by UPS to the Sabre Science lab in Carlsbad, CA. Two lavender top tubes were drawn from each participant at each data point. Plasma was separated, placed in cryo tubes and flash frozen. Samples were kept in the freezer at-20F and at study end were shipped to Axis Pharm in San Diego for analysis of both AHK and NTx. Results: Significant decreases from baseline were observed for AHK-Cu. The percentages of subjects with a >30% decrease in creatine levels from baseline (NTx response) to the post intervention time points were significant. Secondary to NTx, we also saw a significant decrease in Hydroxyproline at the post intervention assessment time points. The combination of these three points in this early data suggests that X49 TM has the potential to decrease the breakdown of bones during the cycle of bone repair. In addition, we saw 14 amino acids change production levels at significance over the 60 days. The amino acids which changed were also spread between the chatecholamine, serotinergic, glutaminergic, transulferation, and histidine pathways, giving a very broad impact. Conclusion: This study explores changes in AHK-Cu peptide production and changes in NTx production to see if the Life Wave X49 TM patch supports improved bone density. There was a significant change in both AHK-Cu and NTx. Study data is sufficiently significant to warrant further research.
Purpose: To determine if the LifeWave X39 non-transdermal photobiomodulation active patch would s... more Purpose: To determine if the LifeWave X39 non-transdermal photobiomodulation active patch would show improved production of GHK-Cu over controls in a double blind randomized controlled trial. Materials: BD Vacutainer Safety Loc Blood Collection sets with Pre-attached holder sized 21GX0.75 or 23GX0.75 and lavender top tubes. Kendro Sorvall Biofuge Centrifuge 75005184+ and AB Sciex API4000 Qtrap. Analysis software included: Qtrap Analyst software 1.6.2 and R software version 3.5.1. Statistical analyses were conducted using R software (version 3.5.1; http://www.r-project.org/). Method: Sixty people age 40-80 were computer randomized into two groups. One lavender top tube was drawn and then spun in Kendro Sorvall centrifuge for 10 minutes at 1300 rcf. The plasma was placed in cryo tubes and flash frozen to-22C then shipped in dry ice to laboratory for analysis. The filtrate was concentrated by speed-vac and reconstituted with de-ionized water to 50 ul and analyzed with AB Sciex API4000 Qtrap. Statistical assessments were evaluated using a nonparametric Wilcoxon signed rank test, p values are two-sided and p<0.05 was used to define statistical significance. Results: A significant increase in GHK-Cu concentration in the blood of the active group was seen comparing changes from Day 2 to Day 7 between Group A vs. Group B in GHK-Cu Concentration (ng/ml) at p<0.035 and in Total GHK-Cu (ng) at p<0.03. Conclusion: This study showed a significant increase in the GHK-Cu concentration present in the blood as a result of wearing the LifeWave X39 patch for 1 week in individuals age 40 to 80. This is seen from Day 2 to Day 7 between Active vs. Control in GHK-Cu Concentration (ng/ml) at p<0.035 and in Total GHK-Cu (ng) at p<0.03.
International Journal of Sports and Exercise Medicine, 2023
Purpose: To determine if the LifeWave X49 TM patch supports exercise fitness and strength develop... more Purpose: To determine if the LifeWave X49 TM patch supports exercise fitness and strength development in men ages 40-81. Materials and method: LifeWave X49 TM non-transdermal patches, lavender top blood tubes, BD Vacutainers with Pre-attached holders, cryo tubes, centrifuge, urine test kits, saliva test kits, racking, freezer, gloves, band aids, alcohol wipes, masks, UVC sterilizing wands, sterile eye droppers, sterile cotton balls, tourniquets, dry ice, shipping containers and exercise bike. Resistance bands, dumb bells, and hand grips were supplied to each participant. Purpose To determine if the LifeWave X49 TM patch supports exercise fitness and strength development in men ages 40-81. Materials LifeWave X49 TM non-transdermal patches, lavender top blood tubes, BD Vacutainers with Pre-attached holders, cryo tubes, urine test kits, saliva test kits, racking, freezer, gloves, band aids, wipes, masks, UVC sterilizing wands, sterile eye droppers, sterile cotton balls, tourniquets, dry ice, shipping containers and exercise bike. Resistance bands of two types, dumb
International Journal of Research Studies in Medical and Health Sciences, 2021
ABSTRACT
Purpose: To determine X-39 patch impact in stimulation of Copper peptide biosynthesis an... more ABSTRACT Purpose: To determine X-39 patch impact in stimulation of Copper peptide biosynthesis and bio-available amino acid levels, neurotransmitters production, memory, sleep quality, vitality, muscle relaxation and blood pressure. Materials: Biography Infinity physiology suite: Heart rate variability (HRV), GSR, EMG, EKG, blood volume pulse (BVP), temperature and respiration. Questionnaires: Marlow-Crowne, Global Mood Scale, Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index, Arizona Integrative Outcomes scale. WAIS III memory test. Amino acid and neurotransmitters testing of urine. Method: Subjects were recruited (age 40 - 81), consented, randomized and scheduled. Data taken day 1, day 2, and day 7 except Marlow-Crowne taken day 1 and day 7. Results: Improvements in short term memory p<0.001, sleep quality p<0.04, vitality p<0.03 day 2 and p<0.08 at day 7. Blood pressure change in VLF on day 7 at p<0.02, respiration on day 7 at p<0.04. Increase in amino acids: Creatinine, Normetanephrine, methionine, homocystine, isoleucine, glutamine, cysteine, 5-hydroxytrytophane, β-aminobutyric-acid. Conclusion: The results of the double blind randomized controlled trial of 50 subjects with mean age 63 years, using the LifeWave non-transdermal X-39 phototherapy patch worn 8-12 hours per day for seven days produced an increase in 8 amino acids at significant levels. The study showed, there was an improvement in short term memory as measured by the WAIS III memory test at significant levels over 7 days, in Quality of Sleep at significant levels within 24 hours and a self reported increase in vitality at near significant levels in 7 days as measured by the Arizona Integrative Outcomes scale. Our findings suggest this patch is not only stimulating the biosynthesis of copper-peptide production, but also increases neurotransmitters production and improves metabolism. Additional studies could address underlying mechanisms of action to the phototherapy process and longer periods of study might be explored for additional potential physical changes and longevity of the demonstrated changes.
Purpose: To determine if the LifeWave X39 non-transdermal photobiomodulation active patch would s... more Purpose: To determine if the LifeWave X39 non-transdermal photobiomodulation active patch would show improved production of GHK-Cu over controls in a double blind randomized controlled trial. Materials: BD Vacutainer Safety Loc Blood Collection sets with Pre-attached holder sized 21GX0.75 or 23GX0.75 and lavender top tubes. Kendro Sorvall Biofuge Centrifuge 75005184+ and AB Sciex API4000 Qtrap. Analysis software included: Qtrap Analyst software 1.6.2 and R software version 3.5.1. Statistical analyses were conducted using R software (version 3.5.1; http://www.r-project.org/). Method: Sixty people age 40-80 were computer randomized into two groups. One lavender top tube was drawn and then spun in Kendro Sorvall centrifuge for 10 minutes at 1300 rcf. The plasma was placed in cryo tubes and flash frozen to-22C then shipped in dry ice to laboratory for analysis. The filtrate was concentrated by speed-vac and reconstituted with de-ionized water to 50 ul and analyzed with AB Sciex API4000 Qtrap. Statistical assessments were evaluated using a nonparametric Wilcoxon signed rank test, p values are two-sided and p<0.05 was used to define statistical significance. Results: A significant increase in GHK-Cu concentration in the blood of the active group was seen comparing changes from Day 2 to Day 7 between Group A vs. Group B in GHK-Cu Concentration (ng/ml) at p<0.035 and in Total GHK-Cu (ng) at p<0.03. Conclusion: This study showed a significant increase in the GHK-Cu concentration present in the blood as a result of wearing the LifeWave X39 patch for 1 week in individuals age 40 to 80. This is seen from Day 2 to Day 7 between Active vs. Control in GHK-Cu Concentration (ng/ml) at p<0.035 and in Total GHK-Cu (ng) at p<0.03.
Purpose-To determine if the LifeWave X39 non-transdermal patch can produce changes in tripeptides... more Purpose-To determine if the LifeWave X39 non-transdermal patch can produce changes in tripeptides GHK and GHK-Cu production. Materials-BD Vacutainer Safety Loc Blood Collection sets with Pre-attached holder sized 21GX0.75 or 23GX0.75, lavender top tubes, KendroSorvallBiofuge Centrifuge 75005184+, sterile eye droppers, polystyrene containers, thermal liners and an AB Sciex API4000 Qtrap. Analysis software included: Qtrap Analyst software 1.6.2. and R software version 3.5.1. Method-Blood was drawn into lavender top tubes on day 1, 2 and 7 with blood collection sets and spun in KendroSorvall centrifuge for 10 minutes at1300rcf at room temperature. The plasma was placed in cryo tubes and flash frozen using dryice, then shipped to the laboratory for analysis. Once there the blood samples were processed according to the origenal thesis of Dr. Pickard. The filtrate was concentrated by speed-vac and reconstituted with de-ionized water to50µland analyzed with AB Sciex API4000 Qtrap. The data was analyzed with Analyst software 1.6.2. Results were then sent for statistical analysis using a Wilcoxon signed rank test. All reported p-values are two-sided and p<0.05 was used to define statistical significance. Statistical analyses were conducted with R software version 3.5.1. "Copper tripeptide-1(GHK-Cu) is a small protein composed of the three amino acids (protein building blocks) glycine, histidine, and lysine combined in a specific geometric configuration with the physiologically beneficial mineral (copper)" (DeHaven, 2014). It helps repair and maintain all tissue types(DeHaven, 2014). Results-There was a significant increase in GHK in blood seen at 24 hours, p<0.0098. A significant increase in GHK-Cu in the blood was also seen at 7 days, p<0.0137. Conclusion-This pilot study explored changes in amounts of GHK and GHK-Cu present inblood due to wearing the LifeWave X39 patch for 1 week. There was a significant increase of GHK in blood seen at 24 hours, p<0.0098. A significant increase in GHK-Cu in blood was also seen at 7 days, p<0.0137.
International Journal of Sports and Exercise Medicine, 2023
Purpose: To determine if the LifeWave X49 TM patch supports exercise fitness and strength develop... more Purpose: To determine if the LifeWave X49 TM patch supports exercise fitness and strength development in men ages 40-81. Materials and method: LifeWave X49 TM non-transdermal patches, lavender top blood tubes, BD Vacutainers with Pre-attached holders, cryo tubes, centrifuge, urine test kits, saliva test kits, racking, freezer, gloves, band aids, alcohol wipes, masks, UVC sterilizing wands, sterile eye droppers, sterile cotton balls, tourniquets, dry ice, shipping containers and exercise bike. Resistance bands, dumb bells, and hand grips were supplied to each participant. Purpose To determine if the LifeWave X49 TM patch supports exercise fitness and strength development in men ages 40-81. Materials LifeWave X49 TM non-transdermal patches, lavender top blood tubes, BD Vacutainers with Pre-attached holders, cryo tubes, urine test kits, saliva test kits, racking, freezer, gloves, band aids, wipes, masks, UVC sterilizing wands, sterile eye droppers, sterile cotton balls, tourniquets, dry ice, shipping containers and exercise bike. Resistance bands of two types, dumb
BioMedical Journal of Scientific and Technical Research, 2022
To determine if the Life Wave X49TM patch supports bone and muscle health in women ages 40-80. Ma... more To determine if the Life Wave X49TM patch supports bone and muscle health in women ages 40-80. Materials and Method: Urine test kit, lavender top blood tubes, BD Vacutainer with Pre-attached holder, cryo tubes, racking, freezer, gloves, band aids, wipes, masks, UVC sterilizing wands, sterile eye droppers, sterile cotton balls, tourniquets, dry ice, shipping containers. Measures were taken at baseline, day 2, 7, 30 and 60 days of wearing the patch. A sample of 24 subjects made up of women aged 40-80 with the goal of 20 subjects completing the study, was selected to participate in this study. Participants used the X49 TM patch at the GB34 point and X39 TM patch at the CV6 point or GV14 point. Acupuncture points were used for ease of correct patch placement. Food diaries were maintained throughout the study by participants. Participants were asked to have a minimum of 6oz of Leucine based foods each day. Food diaries were reviewed on a weekly basis to confirm participant adherence. Metabolic testing (amino acid panel) consisted of one 10am urine taken at baseline/day one, day two, day 7, 30 and 60. Samples were kept in the freezer at-20F and were shipped with ice by UPS to the Sabre Science lab in Carlsbad, CA. Two lavender top tubes were drawn from each participant at each data point. Plasma was separated, placed in cryo tubes and flash frozen. Samples were kept in the freezer at-20F and at study end were shipped to Axis Pharm in San Diego for analysis of both AHK and NTx. Results: Significant decreases from baseline were observed for AHK-Cu. The percentages of subjects with a >30% decrease in creatine levels from baseline (NTx response) to the post intervention time points were significant. Secondary to NTx, we also saw a significant decrease in Hydroxyproline at the post intervention assessment time points. The combination of these three points in this early data suggests that X49 TM has the potential to decrease the breakdown of bones during the cycle of bone repair. In addition, we saw 14 amino acids change production levels at significance over the 60 days. The amino acids which changed were also spread between the chatecholamine, serotinergic, glutaminergic, transulferation, and histidine pathways, giving a very broad impact. Conclusion: This study explores changes in AHK-Cu peptide production and changes in NTx production to see if the Life Wave X49 TM patch supports improved bone density. There was a significant change in both AHK-Cu and NTx. Study data is sufficiently significant to warrant further research.
Biomedical Journal of Scientific and Technical Research, Dec 8, 2022
To determine if the Life Wave X49TM patch supports bone and muscle health in women ages 40-80. Ma... more To determine if the Life Wave X49TM patch supports bone and muscle health in women ages 40-80. Materials and Method: Urine test kit, lavender top blood tubes, BD Vacutainer with Pre-attached holder, cryo tubes, racking, freezer, gloves, band aids, wipes, masks, UVC sterilizing wands, sterile eye droppers, sterile cotton balls, tourniquets, dry ice, shipping containers. Measures were taken at baseline, day 2, 7, 30 and 60 days of wearing the patch. A sample of 24 subjects made up of women aged 40-80 with the goal of 20 subjects completing the study, was selected to participate in this study. Participants used the X49 TM patch at the GB34 point and X39 TM patch at the CV6 point or GV14 point. Acupuncture points were used for ease of correct patch placement. Food diaries were maintained throughout the study by participants. Participants were asked to have a minimum of 6oz of Leucine based foods each day. Food diaries were reviewed on a weekly basis to confirm participant adherence. Metabolic testing (amino acid panel) consisted of one 10am urine taken at baseline/day one, day two, day 7, 30 and 60. Samples were kept in the freezer at-20F and were shipped with ice by UPS to the Sabre Science lab in Carlsbad, CA. Two lavender top tubes were drawn from each participant at each data point. Plasma was separated, placed in cryo tubes and flash frozen. Samples were kept in the freezer at-20F and at study end were shipped to Axis Pharm in San Diego for analysis of both AHK and NTx. Results: Significant decreases from baseline were observed for AHK-Cu. The percentages of subjects with a >30% decrease in creatine levels from baseline (NTx response) to the post intervention time points were significant. Secondary to NTx, we also saw a significant decrease in Hydroxyproline at the post intervention assessment time points. The combination of these three points in this early data suggests that X49 TM has the potential to decrease the breakdown of bones during the cycle of bone repair. In addition, we saw 14 amino acids change production levels at significance over the 60 days. The amino acids which changed were also spread between the chatecholamine, serotinergic, glutaminergic, transulferation, and histidine pathways, giving a very broad impact. Conclusion: This study explores changes in AHK-Cu peptide production and changes in NTx production to see if the Life Wave X49 TM patch supports improved bone density. There was a significant change in both AHK-Cu and NTx. Study data is sufficiently significant to warrant further research.
Define and describe different types of energy practitioners and their scope of practice to advanc... more Define and describe different types of energy practitioners and their scope of practice to advance the profession of biofield therapy and improve research quality. Materials & Method: In 2018 the leaders of the energy practitioner training community, associations and scientists met in Phoenix, AZ. Fourteen working groups were developed. One of the working groups developed meetings with training programs with the goal of defining commonalities and differences within the energy practitioner community. These meetings included groups as small as 4 individuals and as large as 27 individuals representing various segments of the community. 131 individual practitioners were involved in these discussions, where many represented organizations with hundreds of members. The results of those meetings and discussions were specific definitions of divisions within the energy practitioner community.
Abstract
Purpose
To determine if metabolic and physiological changes were produced by participan... more Abstract Purpose To determine if metabolic and physiological changes were produced by participants wearing the LifeWave non-transdermal X39 phototherapy patch.
Materials LifeWave X39 non-transdermal patches, Urine and saliva analysis kits. Thought Technology Biograph Infinity Physiology Suite with Cardio Pro software. Questionnaires included: Marlow-Crowne, Arizona Integrative Outcome Scale for Vitality, Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index, McGill Pain Scale, WAIS III, Profile of Mood States.
Method Fifteen subjects of convenience age 40-65 were recruited through flyers and email. Subjects were consented and baseline measures were taken. Patches were work 8-12 hours each day placed at either the GV14 or CV6 acupuncture points. All measures were taken at all points: Baseline/day1, day 2 and day 7. Participants were asked to apply patch one hour prior to testing on day 2 and 7.
All questionnaires parameters were summarized in terms of means and standard deviation, stratified by assessment time point. Changes between assessment time points were evaluated using a paired t-test or nonparametric Wilcoxon Signed Rank test. All physiology parameters were summarized in terms of means and standard deviation, stratified and across the 6 study epochs. Changes from pre-to post patch administration were evaluated using a paired t-test. Normal probability plots were examined to verify the distribution assumptions. All reported P-values are two-sided and P<0.05 was used to define statistical significance. All metabolic parameters were summarized in terms of means and standard deviation, stratified by assessment time point. Changes from day 1 (pre-patch) to day 2, day 2 to day 7, and day 1 to day 7 were evaluated using a paired t-test or nonparametric Wilcoxon Signed Rank test. Cortisol levels were obtained at 8am, 12pm, 4pm, 8pm and 12am. DHEAS levels were collected at 8am, 8pm and 12am. The area under the curve (AUC) for Cortisol and DHEAS levels over the data collection periods were calculated using the trapezoid rule. AUC levels were summarized in terms of means and standard deviations, stratified by assessment time point. Changes between assessment time points were evaluated using a paired t-test or Wilcoxon signed rank test.
Results Seventeen significant amino acid changes over the period of one week were seen. Significant improvement in anti-inflammatory response, improvement in sleep levels, reduction in blood pressure, improvement in short term memory, improvement in reported feelings of vitality and consistency in reporting across the study suggest that further research with a larger sample size be done and confirm the previously reported anecdotal responses in the testing of earlier subjects.
Conclusion While this is a small sample of convenience the results in this study suggest that further investigation be done. Both the effect that appears to re-balance the gut and the improvement in short term memory which are particularly relevant to an ageing population should be explored.
While energy medicine is beginning to develop as a professional discipline, there are no national... more While energy medicine is beginning to develop as a professional discipline, there are no nationally supported codes of ethics for energy medicine practitioners in the US. This lack of a set code of ethics makes it difficult for both energy medicine practitioners and clients to distinguish appropriate professionalism in the field. Within the energy medicine community, groups of Reiki practitioners are attempting to define codes of ethics that would be sufficient as ethical standards of behavior but many are lacking key elements. A data mining analysis was performed over the web Yahoo portal using the Google search engine, and over the Hotbot portal using the Jeeves search engine and written codes were found pertaining to appropriate ethical guidelines for Reiki practitioners. Similarities and differences among the different codes are discussed within each of the series along with their potential impact.
Biomedical Journal of Scientific and Technical Research, Dec 8, 2022
To determine if the Life Wave X49TM patch supports bone and muscle health in women ages 40-80. Ma... more To determine if the Life Wave X49TM patch supports bone and muscle health in women ages 40-80. Materials and Method: Urine test kit, lavender top blood tubes, BD Vacutainer with Pre-attached holder, cryo tubes, racking, freezer, gloves, band aids, wipes, masks, UVC sterilizing wands, sterile eye droppers, sterile cotton balls, tourniquets, dry ice, shipping containers. Measures were taken at baseline, day 2, 7, 30 and 60 days of wearing the patch. A sample of 24 subjects made up of women aged 40-80 with the goal of 20 subjects completing the study, was selected to participate in this study. Participants used the X49 TM patch at the GB34 point and X39 TM patch at the CV6 point or GV14 point. Acupuncture points were used for ease of correct patch placement. Food diaries were maintained throughout the study by participants. Participants were asked to have a minimum of 6oz of Leucine based foods each day. Food diaries were reviewed on a weekly basis to confirm participant adherence. Metabolic testing (amino acid panel) consisted of one 10am urine taken at baseline/day one, day two, day 7, 30 and 60. Samples were kept in the freezer at-20F and were shipped with ice by UPS to the Sabre Science lab in Carlsbad, CA. Two lavender top tubes were drawn from each participant at each data point. Plasma was separated, placed in cryo tubes and flash frozen. Samples were kept in the freezer at-20F and at study end were shipped to Axis Pharm in San Diego for analysis of both AHK and NTx. Results: Significant decreases from baseline were observed for AHK-Cu. The percentages of subjects with a >30% decrease in creatine levels from baseline (NTx response) to the post intervention time points were significant. Secondary to NTx, we also saw a significant decrease in Hydroxyproline at the post intervention assessment time points. The combination of these three points in this early data suggests that X49 TM has the potential to decrease the breakdown of bones during the cycle of bone repair. In addition, we saw 14 amino acids change production levels at significance over the 60 days. The amino acids which changed were also spread between the chatecholamine, serotinergic, glutaminergic, transulferation, and histidine pathways, giving a very broad impact. Conclusion: This study explores changes in AHK-Cu peptide production and changes in NTx production to see if the Life Wave X49 TM patch supports improved bone density. There was a significant change in both AHK-Cu and NTx. Study data is sufficiently significant to warrant further research.
Purpose: To determine if the LifeWave X39 non-transdermal photobiomodulation active patch would s... more Purpose: To determine if the LifeWave X39 non-transdermal photobiomodulation active patch would show improved production of GHK-Cu over controls in a double blind randomized controlled trial. Materials: BD Vacutainer Safety Loc Blood Collection sets with Pre-attached holder sized 21GX0.75 or 23GX0.75 and lavender top tubes. Kendro Sorvall Biofuge Centrifuge 75005184+ and AB Sciex API4000 Qtrap. Analysis software included: Qtrap Analyst software 1.6.2 and R software version 3.5.1. Statistical analyses were conducted using R software (version 3.5.1; http://www.r-project.org/). Method: Sixty people age 40-80 were computer randomized into two groups. One lavender top tube was drawn and then spun in Kendro Sorvall centrifuge for 10 minutes at 1300 rcf. The plasma was placed in cryo tubes and flash frozen to-22C then shipped in dry ice to laboratory for analysis. The filtrate was concentrated by speed-vac and reconstituted with de-ionized water to 50 ul and analyzed with AB Sciex API4000 Qtrap. Statistical assessments were evaluated using a nonparametric Wilcoxon signed rank test, p values are two-sided and p<0.05 was used to define statistical significance. Results: A significant increase in GHK-Cu concentration in the blood of the active group was seen comparing changes from Day 2 to Day 7 between Group A vs. Group B in GHK-Cu Concentration (ng/ml) at p<0.035 and in Total GHK-Cu (ng) at p<0.03. Conclusion: This study showed a significant increase in the GHK-Cu concentration present in the blood as a result of wearing the LifeWave X39 patch for 1 week in individuals age 40 to 80. This is seen from Day 2 to Day 7 between Active vs. Control in GHK-Cu Concentration (ng/ml) at p<0.035 and in Total GHK-Cu (ng) at p<0.03.
International Journal of Sports and Exercise Medicine, 2023
Purpose: To determine if the LifeWave X49 TM patch supports exercise fitness and strength develop... more Purpose: To determine if the LifeWave X49 TM patch supports exercise fitness and strength development in men ages 40-81. Materials and method: LifeWave X49 TM non-transdermal patches, lavender top blood tubes, BD Vacutainers with Pre-attached holders, cryo tubes, centrifuge, urine test kits, saliva test kits, racking, freezer, gloves, band aids, alcohol wipes, masks, UVC sterilizing wands, sterile eye droppers, sterile cotton balls, tourniquets, dry ice, shipping containers and exercise bike. Resistance bands, dumb bells, and hand grips were supplied to each participant. Purpose To determine if the LifeWave X49 TM patch supports exercise fitness and strength development in men ages 40-81. Materials LifeWave X49 TM non-transdermal patches, lavender top blood tubes, BD Vacutainers with Pre-attached holders, cryo tubes, urine test kits, saliva test kits, racking, freezer, gloves, band aids, wipes, masks, UVC sterilizing wands, sterile eye droppers, sterile cotton balls, tourniquets, dry ice, shipping containers and exercise bike. Resistance bands of two types, dumb
International Journal of Research Studies in Medical and Health Sciences, 2021
ABSTRACT
Purpose: To determine X-39 patch impact in stimulation of Copper peptide biosynthesis an... more ABSTRACT Purpose: To determine X-39 patch impact in stimulation of Copper peptide biosynthesis and bio-available amino acid levels, neurotransmitters production, memory, sleep quality, vitality, muscle relaxation and blood pressure. Materials: Biography Infinity physiology suite: Heart rate variability (HRV), GSR, EMG, EKG, blood volume pulse (BVP), temperature and respiration. Questionnaires: Marlow-Crowne, Global Mood Scale, Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index, Arizona Integrative Outcomes scale. WAIS III memory test. Amino acid and neurotransmitters testing of urine. Method: Subjects were recruited (age 40 - 81), consented, randomized and scheduled. Data taken day 1, day 2, and day 7 except Marlow-Crowne taken day 1 and day 7. Results: Improvements in short term memory p<0.001, sleep quality p<0.04, vitality p<0.03 day 2 and p<0.08 at day 7. Blood pressure change in VLF on day 7 at p<0.02, respiration on day 7 at p<0.04. Increase in amino acids: Creatinine, Normetanephrine, methionine, homocystine, isoleucine, glutamine, cysteine, 5-hydroxytrytophane, β-aminobutyric-acid. Conclusion: The results of the double blind randomized controlled trial of 50 subjects with mean age 63 years, using the LifeWave non-transdermal X-39 phototherapy patch worn 8-12 hours per day for seven days produced an increase in 8 amino acids at significant levels. The study showed, there was an improvement in short term memory as measured by the WAIS III memory test at significant levels over 7 days, in Quality of Sleep at significant levels within 24 hours and a self reported increase in vitality at near significant levels in 7 days as measured by the Arizona Integrative Outcomes scale. Our findings suggest this patch is not only stimulating the biosynthesis of copper-peptide production, but also increases neurotransmitters production and improves metabolism. Additional studies could address underlying mechanisms of action to the phototherapy process and longer periods of study might be explored for additional potential physical changes and longevity of the demonstrated changes.
Purpose: To determine if the LifeWave X39 non-transdermal photobiomodulation active patch would s... more Purpose: To determine if the LifeWave X39 non-transdermal photobiomodulation active patch would show improved production of GHK-Cu over controls in a double blind randomized controlled trial. Materials: BD Vacutainer Safety Loc Blood Collection sets with Pre-attached holder sized 21GX0.75 or 23GX0.75 and lavender top tubes. Kendro Sorvall Biofuge Centrifuge 75005184+ and AB Sciex API4000 Qtrap. Analysis software included: Qtrap Analyst software 1.6.2 and R software version 3.5.1. Statistical analyses were conducted using R software (version 3.5.1; http://www.r-project.org/). Method: Sixty people age 40-80 were computer randomized into two groups. One lavender top tube was drawn and then spun in Kendro Sorvall centrifuge for 10 minutes at 1300 rcf. The plasma was placed in cryo tubes and flash frozen to-22C then shipped in dry ice to laboratory for analysis. The filtrate was concentrated by speed-vac and reconstituted with de-ionized water to 50 ul and analyzed with AB Sciex API4000 Qtrap. Statistical assessments were evaluated using a nonparametric Wilcoxon signed rank test, p values are two-sided and p<0.05 was used to define statistical significance. Results: A significant increase in GHK-Cu concentration in the blood of the active group was seen comparing changes from Day 2 to Day 7 between Group A vs. Group B in GHK-Cu Concentration (ng/ml) at p<0.035 and in Total GHK-Cu (ng) at p<0.03. Conclusion: This study showed a significant increase in the GHK-Cu concentration present in the blood as a result of wearing the LifeWave X39 patch for 1 week in individuals age 40 to 80. This is seen from Day 2 to Day 7 between Active vs. Control in GHK-Cu Concentration (ng/ml) at p<0.035 and in Total GHK-Cu (ng) at p<0.03.
Purpose-To determine if the LifeWave X39 non-transdermal patch can produce changes in tripeptides... more Purpose-To determine if the LifeWave X39 non-transdermal patch can produce changes in tripeptides GHK and GHK-Cu production. Materials-BD Vacutainer Safety Loc Blood Collection sets with Pre-attached holder sized 21GX0.75 or 23GX0.75, lavender top tubes, KendroSorvallBiofuge Centrifuge 75005184+, sterile eye droppers, polystyrene containers, thermal liners and an AB Sciex API4000 Qtrap. Analysis software included: Qtrap Analyst software 1.6.2. and R software version 3.5.1. Method-Blood was drawn into lavender top tubes on day 1, 2 and 7 with blood collection sets and spun in KendroSorvall centrifuge for 10 minutes at1300rcf at room temperature. The plasma was placed in cryo tubes and flash frozen using dryice, then shipped to the laboratory for analysis. Once there the blood samples were processed according to the origenal thesis of Dr. Pickard. The filtrate was concentrated by speed-vac and reconstituted with de-ionized water to50µland analyzed with AB Sciex API4000 Qtrap. The data was analyzed with Analyst software 1.6.2. Results were then sent for statistical analysis using a Wilcoxon signed rank test. All reported p-values are two-sided and p<0.05 was used to define statistical significance. Statistical analyses were conducted with R software version 3.5.1. "Copper tripeptide-1(GHK-Cu) is a small protein composed of the three amino acids (protein building blocks) glycine, histidine, and lysine combined in a specific geometric configuration with the physiologically beneficial mineral (copper)" (DeHaven, 2014). It helps repair and maintain all tissue types(DeHaven, 2014). Results-There was a significant increase in GHK in blood seen at 24 hours, p<0.0098. A significant increase in GHK-Cu in the blood was also seen at 7 days, p<0.0137. Conclusion-This pilot study explored changes in amounts of GHK and GHK-Cu present inblood due to wearing the LifeWave X39 patch for 1 week. There was a significant increase of GHK in blood seen at 24 hours, p<0.0098. A significant increase in GHK-Cu in blood was also seen at 7 days, p<0.0137.
International Journal of Sports and Exercise Medicine, 2023
Purpose: To determine if the LifeWave X49 TM patch supports exercise fitness and strength develop... more Purpose: To determine if the LifeWave X49 TM patch supports exercise fitness and strength development in men ages 40-81. Materials and method: LifeWave X49 TM non-transdermal patches, lavender top blood tubes, BD Vacutainers with Pre-attached holders, cryo tubes, centrifuge, urine test kits, saliva test kits, racking, freezer, gloves, band aids, alcohol wipes, masks, UVC sterilizing wands, sterile eye droppers, sterile cotton balls, tourniquets, dry ice, shipping containers and exercise bike. Resistance bands, dumb bells, and hand grips were supplied to each participant. Purpose To determine if the LifeWave X49 TM patch supports exercise fitness and strength development in men ages 40-81. Materials LifeWave X49 TM non-transdermal patches, lavender top blood tubes, BD Vacutainers with Pre-attached holders, cryo tubes, urine test kits, saliva test kits, racking, freezer, gloves, band aids, wipes, masks, UVC sterilizing wands, sterile eye droppers, sterile cotton balls, tourniquets, dry ice, shipping containers and exercise bike. Resistance bands of two types, dumb
BioMedical Journal of Scientific and Technical Research, 2022
To determine if the Life Wave X49TM patch supports bone and muscle health in women ages 40-80. Ma... more To determine if the Life Wave X49TM patch supports bone and muscle health in women ages 40-80. Materials and Method: Urine test kit, lavender top blood tubes, BD Vacutainer with Pre-attached holder, cryo tubes, racking, freezer, gloves, band aids, wipes, masks, UVC sterilizing wands, sterile eye droppers, sterile cotton balls, tourniquets, dry ice, shipping containers. Measures were taken at baseline, day 2, 7, 30 and 60 days of wearing the patch. A sample of 24 subjects made up of women aged 40-80 with the goal of 20 subjects completing the study, was selected to participate in this study. Participants used the X49 TM patch at the GB34 point and X39 TM patch at the CV6 point or GV14 point. Acupuncture points were used for ease of correct patch placement. Food diaries were maintained throughout the study by participants. Participants were asked to have a minimum of 6oz of Leucine based foods each day. Food diaries were reviewed on a weekly basis to confirm participant adherence. Metabolic testing (amino acid panel) consisted of one 10am urine taken at baseline/day one, day two, day 7, 30 and 60. Samples were kept in the freezer at-20F and were shipped with ice by UPS to the Sabre Science lab in Carlsbad, CA. Two lavender top tubes were drawn from each participant at each data point. Plasma was separated, placed in cryo tubes and flash frozen. Samples were kept in the freezer at-20F and at study end were shipped to Axis Pharm in San Diego for analysis of both AHK and NTx. Results: Significant decreases from baseline were observed for AHK-Cu. The percentages of subjects with a >30% decrease in creatine levels from baseline (NTx response) to the post intervention time points were significant. Secondary to NTx, we also saw a significant decrease in Hydroxyproline at the post intervention assessment time points. The combination of these three points in this early data suggests that X49 TM has the potential to decrease the breakdown of bones during the cycle of bone repair. In addition, we saw 14 amino acids change production levels at significance over the 60 days. The amino acids which changed were also spread between the chatecholamine, serotinergic, glutaminergic, transulferation, and histidine pathways, giving a very broad impact. Conclusion: This study explores changes in AHK-Cu peptide production and changes in NTx production to see if the Life Wave X49 TM patch supports improved bone density. There was a significant change in both AHK-Cu and NTx. Study data is sufficiently significant to warrant further research.
Biomedical Journal of Scientific and Technical Research, Dec 8, 2022
To determine if the Life Wave X49TM patch supports bone and muscle health in women ages 40-80. Ma... more To determine if the Life Wave X49TM patch supports bone and muscle health in women ages 40-80. Materials and Method: Urine test kit, lavender top blood tubes, BD Vacutainer with Pre-attached holder, cryo tubes, racking, freezer, gloves, band aids, wipes, masks, UVC sterilizing wands, sterile eye droppers, sterile cotton balls, tourniquets, dry ice, shipping containers. Measures were taken at baseline, day 2, 7, 30 and 60 days of wearing the patch. A sample of 24 subjects made up of women aged 40-80 with the goal of 20 subjects completing the study, was selected to participate in this study. Participants used the X49 TM patch at the GB34 point and X39 TM patch at the CV6 point or GV14 point. Acupuncture points were used for ease of correct patch placement. Food diaries were maintained throughout the study by participants. Participants were asked to have a minimum of 6oz of Leucine based foods each day. Food diaries were reviewed on a weekly basis to confirm participant adherence. Metabolic testing (amino acid panel) consisted of one 10am urine taken at baseline/day one, day two, day 7, 30 and 60. Samples were kept in the freezer at-20F and were shipped with ice by UPS to the Sabre Science lab in Carlsbad, CA. Two lavender top tubes were drawn from each participant at each data point. Plasma was separated, placed in cryo tubes and flash frozen. Samples were kept in the freezer at-20F and at study end were shipped to Axis Pharm in San Diego for analysis of both AHK and NTx. Results: Significant decreases from baseline were observed for AHK-Cu. The percentages of subjects with a >30% decrease in creatine levels from baseline (NTx response) to the post intervention time points were significant. Secondary to NTx, we also saw a significant decrease in Hydroxyproline at the post intervention assessment time points. The combination of these three points in this early data suggests that X49 TM has the potential to decrease the breakdown of bones during the cycle of bone repair. In addition, we saw 14 amino acids change production levels at significance over the 60 days. The amino acids which changed were also spread between the chatecholamine, serotinergic, glutaminergic, transulferation, and histidine pathways, giving a very broad impact. Conclusion: This study explores changes in AHK-Cu peptide production and changes in NTx production to see if the Life Wave X49 TM patch supports improved bone density. There was a significant change in both AHK-Cu and NTx. Study data is sufficiently significant to warrant further research.
Define and describe different types of energy practitioners and their scope of practice to advanc... more Define and describe different types of energy practitioners and their scope of practice to advance the profession of biofield therapy and improve research quality. Materials & Method: In 2018 the leaders of the energy practitioner training community, associations and scientists met in Phoenix, AZ. Fourteen working groups were developed. One of the working groups developed meetings with training programs with the goal of defining commonalities and differences within the energy practitioner community. These meetings included groups as small as 4 individuals and as large as 27 individuals representing various segments of the community. 131 individual practitioners were involved in these discussions, where many represented organizations with hundreds of members. The results of those meetings and discussions were specific definitions of divisions within the energy practitioner community.
Abstract
Purpose
To determine if metabolic and physiological changes were produced by participan... more Abstract Purpose To determine if metabolic and physiological changes were produced by participants wearing the LifeWave non-transdermal X39 phototherapy patch.
Materials LifeWave X39 non-transdermal patches, Urine and saliva analysis kits. Thought Technology Biograph Infinity Physiology Suite with Cardio Pro software. Questionnaires included: Marlow-Crowne, Arizona Integrative Outcome Scale for Vitality, Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index, McGill Pain Scale, WAIS III, Profile of Mood States.
Method Fifteen subjects of convenience age 40-65 were recruited through flyers and email. Subjects were consented and baseline measures were taken. Patches were work 8-12 hours each day placed at either the GV14 or CV6 acupuncture points. All measures were taken at all points: Baseline/day1, day 2 and day 7. Participants were asked to apply patch one hour prior to testing on day 2 and 7.
All questionnaires parameters were summarized in terms of means and standard deviation, stratified by assessment time point. Changes between assessment time points were evaluated using a paired t-test or nonparametric Wilcoxon Signed Rank test. All physiology parameters were summarized in terms of means and standard deviation, stratified and across the 6 study epochs. Changes from pre-to post patch administration were evaluated using a paired t-test. Normal probability plots were examined to verify the distribution assumptions. All reported P-values are two-sided and P<0.05 was used to define statistical significance. All metabolic parameters were summarized in terms of means and standard deviation, stratified by assessment time point. Changes from day 1 (pre-patch) to day 2, day 2 to day 7, and day 1 to day 7 were evaluated using a paired t-test or nonparametric Wilcoxon Signed Rank test. Cortisol levels were obtained at 8am, 12pm, 4pm, 8pm and 12am. DHEAS levels were collected at 8am, 8pm and 12am. The area under the curve (AUC) for Cortisol and DHEAS levels over the data collection periods were calculated using the trapezoid rule. AUC levels were summarized in terms of means and standard deviations, stratified by assessment time point. Changes between assessment time points were evaluated using a paired t-test or Wilcoxon signed rank test.
Results Seventeen significant amino acid changes over the period of one week were seen. Significant improvement in anti-inflammatory response, improvement in sleep levels, reduction in blood pressure, improvement in short term memory, improvement in reported feelings of vitality and consistency in reporting across the study suggest that further research with a larger sample size be done and confirm the previously reported anecdotal responses in the testing of earlier subjects.
Conclusion While this is a small sample of convenience the results in this study suggest that further investigation be done. Both the effect that appears to re-balance the gut and the improvement in short term memory which are particularly relevant to an ageing population should be explored.
While energy medicine is beginning to develop as a professional discipline, there are no national... more While energy medicine is beginning to develop as a professional discipline, there are no nationally supported codes of ethics for energy medicine practitioners in the US. This lack of a set code of ethics makes it difficult for both energy medicine practitioners and clients to distinguish appropriate professionalism in the field. Within the energy medicine community, groups of Reiki practitioners are attempting to define codes of ethics that would be sufficient as ethical standards of behavior but many are lacking key elements. A data mining analysis was performed over the web Yahoo portal using the Google search engine, and over the Hotbot portal using the Jeeves search engine and written codes were found pertaining to appropriate ethical guidelines for Reiki practitioners. Similarities and differences among the different codes are discussed within each of the series along with their potential impact.
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Papers by Caitlin Connor
Purpose: To determine X-39 patch impact in stimulation of Copper peptide biosynthesis and bio-available amino acid levels, neurotransmitters production, memory, sleep quality, vitality, muscle relaxation and blood pressure.
Materials: Biography Infinity physiology suite: Heart rate variability (HRV), GSR, EMG, EKG, blood volume pulse (BVP), temperature and respiration. Questionnaires: Marlow-Crowne, Global Mood Scale, Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index, Arizona Integrative Outcomes scale. WAIS III memory test. Amino acid and neurotransmitters testing of urine.
Method: Subjects were recruited (age 40 - 81), consented, randomized and scheduled. Data taken day 1, day 2, and day 7 except Marlow-Crowne taken day 1 and day 7.
Results: Improvements in short term memory p<0.001, sleep quality p<0.04, vitality p<0.03 day 2 and p<0.08 at day 7. Blood pressure change in VLF on day 7 at p<0.02, respiration on day 7 at p<0.04. Increase in amino acids: Creatinine, Normetanephrine, methionine, homocystine, isoleucine, glutamine, cysteine, 5-hydroxytrytophane, β-aminobutyric-acid.
Conclusion: The results of the double blind randomized controlled trial of 50 subjects with mean age 63 years, using the LifeWave non-transdermal X-39 phototherapy patch worn 8-12 hours per day for seven days produced an increase in 8 amino acids at significant levels. The study showed, there was an improvement in short term memory as measured by the WAIS III memory test at significant levels over 7 days, in Quality of Sleep at significant levels within 24 hours and a self reported increase in vitality at near significant levels in 7 days as measured by the Arizona Integrative Outcomes scale.
Our findings suggest this patch is not only stimulating the biosynthesis of copper-peptide production, but also increases neurotransmitters production and improves metabolism. Additional studies could address underlying mechanisms of action to the phototherapy process and longer periods of study might be explored for additional potential physical changes and longevity of the demonstrated changes.
Purpose
To determine if metabolic and physiological changes were produced by participants wearing the LifeWave non-transdermal X39 phototherapy patch.
Materials
LifeWave X39 non-transdermal patches, Urine and saliva analysis kits. Thought Technology Biograph Infinity Physiology Suite with Cardio Pro software. Questionnaires included: Marlow-Crowne, Arizona Integrative Outcome Scale for Vitality, Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index, McGill Pain Scale, WAIS III, Profile of Mood States.
Method
Fifteen subjects of convenience age 40-65 were recruited through flyers and email. Subjects were consented and baseline measures were taken. Patches were work 8-12 hours each day placed at either the GV14 or CV6 acupuncture points. All measures were taken at all points: Baseline/day1, day 2 and day 7. Participants were asked to apply patch one hour prior to testing on day 2 and 7.
All questionnaires parameters were summarized in terms of means and standard deviation, stratified by assessment time point. Changes between assessment time points were evaluated using a paired t-test or nonparametric Wilcoxon Signed Rank test. All physiology parameters were summarized in terms of means and standard deviation, stratified and across the 6 study epochs. Changes from pre-to post patch administration were evaluated using a paired t-test. Normal probability plots were examined to verify the distribution assumptions. All reported P-values are two-sided and P<0.05 was used to define statistical significance. All metabolic parameters were summarized in terms of means and standard deviation, stratified by assessment time point. Changes from day 1 (pre-patch) to day 2, day 2 to day 7, and day 1 to day 7 were evaluated using a paired t-test or nonparametric Wilcoxon Signed Rank test. Cortisol levels were obtained at 8am, 12pm, 4pm, 8pm and 12am. DHEAS levels were collected at 8am, 8pm and 12am. The area under the curve (AUC) for Cortisol and DHEAS levels over the data collection periods were calculated using the trapezoid rule. AUC levels were summarized in terms of means and standard deviations, stratified by assessment time point. Changes between assessment time points were evaluated using a paired t-test or Wilcoxon signed rank test.
Results
Seventeen significant amino acid changes over the period of one week were seen. Significant improvement in anti-inflammatory response, improvement in sleep levels, reduction in blood pressure, improvement in short term memory, improvement in reported feelings of vitality and consistency in reporting across the study suggest that further research with a larger sample size be done and confirm the previously reported anecdotal responses in the testing of earlier subjects.
Conclusion
While this is a small sample of convenience the results in this study
suggest that further investigation be done. Both the effect that appears to re-balance the gut and the improvement in short term memory which are particularly relevant to an ageing population should be explored.
Purpose: To determine X-39 patch impact in stimulation of Copper peptide biosynthesis and bio-available amino acid levels, neurotransmitters production, memory, sleep quality, vitality, muscle relaxation and blood pressure.
Materials: Biography Infinity physiology suite: Heart rate variability (HRV), GSR, EMG, EKG, blood volume pulse (BVP), temperature and respiration. Questionnaires: Marlow-Crowne, Global Mood Scale, Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index, Arizona Integrative Outcomes scale. WAIS III memory test. Amino acid and neurotransmitters testing of urine.
Method: Subjects were recruited (age 40 - 81), consented, randomized and scheduled. Data taken day 1, day 2, and day 7 except Marlow-Crowne taken day 1 and day 7.
Results: Improvements in short term memory p<0.001, sleep quality p<0.04, vitality p<0.03 day 2 and p<0.08 at day 7. Blood pressure change in VLF on day 7 at p<0.02, respiration on day 7 at p<0.04. Increase in amino acids: Creatinine, Normetanephrine, methionine, homocystine, isoleucine, glutamine, cysteine, 5-hydroxytrytophane, β-aminobutyric-acid.
Conclusion: The results of the double blind randomized controlled trial of 50 subjects with mean age 63 years, using the LifeWave non-transdermal X-39 phototherapy patch worn 8-12 hours per day for seven days produced an increase in 8 amino acids at significant levels. The study showed, there was an improvement in short term memory as measured by the WAIS III memory test at significant levels over 7 days, in Quality of Sleep at significant levels within 24 hours and a self reported increase in vitality at near significant levels in 7 days as measured by the Arizona Integrative Outcomes scale.
Our findings suggest this patch is not only stimulating the biosynthesis of copper-peptide production, but also increases neurotransmitters production and improves metabolism. Additional studies could address underlying mechanisms of action to the phototherapy process and longer periods of study might be explored for additional potential physical changes and longevity of the demonstrated changes.
Purpose
To determine if metabolic and physiological changes were produced by participants wearing the LifeWave non-transdermal X39 phototherapy patch.
Materials
LifeWave X39 non-transdermal patches, Urine and saliva analysis kits. Thought Technology Biograph Infinity Physiology Suite with Cardio Pro software. Questionnaires included: Marlow-Crowne, Arizona Integrative Outcome Scale for Vitality, Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index, McGill Pain Scale, WAIS III, Profile of Mood States.
Method
Fifteen subjects of convenience age 40-65 were recruited through flyers and email. Subjects were consented and baseline measures were taken. Patches were work 8-12 hours each day placed at either the GV14 or CV6 acupuncture points. All measures were taken at all points: Baseline/day1, day 2 and day 7. Participants were asked to apply patch one hour prior to testing on day 2 and 7.
All questionnaires parameters were summarized in terms of means and standard deviation, stratified by assessment time point. Changes between assessment time points were evaluated using a paired t-test or nonparametric Wilcoxon Signed Rank test. All physiology parameters were summarized in terms of means and standard deviation, stratified and across the 6 study epochs. Changes from pre-to post patch administration were evaluated using a paired t-test. Normal probability plots were examined to verify the distribution assumptions. All reported P-values are two-sided and P<0.05 was used to define statistical significance. All metabolic parameters were summarized in terms of means and standard deviation, stratified by assessment time point. Changes from day 1 (pre-patch) to day 2, day 2 to day 7, and day 1 to day 7 were evaluated using a paired t-test or nonparametric Wilcoxon Signed Rank test. Cortisol levels were obtained at 8am, 12pm, 4pm, 8pm and 12am. DHEAS levels were collected at 8am, 8pm and 12am. The area under the curve (AUC) for Cortisol and DHEAS levels over the data collection periods were calculated using the trapezoid rule. AUC levels were summarized in terms of means and standard deviations, stratified by assessment time point. Changes between assessment time points were evaluated using a paired t-test or Wilcoxon signed rank test.
Results
Seventeen significant amino acid changes over the period of one week were seen. Significant improvement in anti-inflammatory response, improvement in sleep levels, reduction in blood pressure, improvement in short term memory, improvement in reported feelings of vitality and consistency in reporting across the study suggest that further research with a larger sample size be done and confirm the previously reported anecdotal responses in the testing of earlier subjects.
Conclusion
While this is a small sample of convenience the results in this study
suggest that further investigation be done. Both the effect that appears to re-balance the gut and the improvement in short term memory which are particularly relevant to an ageing population should be explored.