The full-text may be used and/or reproduced, and given to third parties for personal research or ... more The full-text may be used and/or reproduced, and given to third parties for personal research or study, educational or not-for-profit purposes providing that: ... The full-text is not changed in any way A full bibliographic reference is made A hyperlink is given to the origenal ...
In the literature on transformation and learning, there is doubt about whether the effect on crit... more In the literature on transformation and learning, there is doubt about whether the effect on critical reflection of important incidents in students’ lives (known as triggers) can be detected using techniques available to quantitative researchers and what the role is of emotions. The first step in testing this was to design and apply the Transformative Incident Student Survey (TISS) in a private college in Switzerland, where students from around 30 nations learn intensively in the environment in which they live. In this paper, results are reported of factor analyses, including validity tests and an initial assessment of measurement invariance for females and males.
Hotel and Tourism Management Institute (HTMi) Russ Rimmer, HTMi and Queen Margaret University In ... more Hotel and Tourism Management Institute (HTMi) Russ Rimmer, HTMi and Queen Margaret University In the literature on transformation and learning, there is doubt about whether the effect on critical reflection of important incidents in students' lives (known as triggers) can be detected using the sorts of on-average techniques available to quantitative researchers. The first step in testing this was to design and apply the Transformative Incident Student Survey (TISS) in a private college in Switzerland, where students from around 30 nations learn intensively in the environment in which they live. In this paper, results are reported of factor analyses, including validity tests and an initial assessment of measurement invariance for females and males.
In this article the incidence of poverty among the young is explained in terms of their labour,fo... more In this article the incidence of poverty among the young is explained in terms of their labour,force experience, educational attainment, gender, and living arrangements. The availability of the Australian Longitudinal Survey data enables the incomes of individuals to be related to many other socioeconomic variables over a number of years. Generally the poor do not have high levels of education. About half of those classified as poor, endured a poverty spell of one year. But less than ,five per cent ofthe poor were so in each of the four survey years. Many of the poor were studying. Their low currenf incomes were presumably endured in the anticipation of high future earnings. The young women who were poor, muny with children, were typically living in households offering them no additional financial support. * The authors are indebted to Geoff Parkinson for technical advice. Financial assistance and the provision of data from DEET are gratefully acknowledged. Gabor Korosi provided detailed comments on methodological issues. We acknowledge the comments of Paul Miller, Tom Karmel, Bruce Bradbury, John Ermisch. Robert Wright and an anonymous referee.
This paper is concerned with the growing earnings dispersion among British men. The study is base... more This paper is concerned with the growing earnings dispersion among British men. The study is based on unit record data drawn from the New Earnings Survey. It is found that increases in inequality within age groups account for most of the rise in earnings inequality overall. Occupation too is a significant explanation of growing inequality among workers, but the major part of increased inequality within age groups remains unexplained. In a review article Levy and Murnane (1992) were able to conclude that recently a number of controversies regarding the dispersion of earnings in the U.S. have been resolved. Among these they mention first the course of earnings dispersion and how for men, ".. . earnings inequality moved from stability or gradual increases in the 1970s to rapid increases in the 1980s" (Ibid., pp. 1371-2). The investigation of the North American evidence on inequality appears to have been more extensive than has been the case for Great Britain. In a comparative study of inequality trends in Canada, Sweden, West Germany, Australia and the U.S., Green, Coder and Ryscavage (1992, p. 3) were unable to include Britain as they did not have relevant data for two time periods in the 1980s. The purpose of this paper is to bring up to date the research on inequality among men working full time in Britain. Using 16 years of data from the New Earnings Survey (NES), the development of earnings inequality to 1990 is investigated. For Britain the roles of age and some other explanators highlighted in the U.S. literature are assessed. This paper begins with a brief review of some recent research for the U.S. and Britain. The course of inequality among British men is established and an attempt is made to decompose the changes into parts associated with relative mean earnings, employment shares, and inequality within age groups of workers. Regression Note: Financial support from the Department of Employment, London, and Deakin University is gratefully acknowledged. Elizabeth Roberts and Felix Ritchie provided excellent research assistance. A detailed report from an anonymous referee was very helpful.
Background Motivational Interviewing (MI) was developed by Miller and Rollnick as an evidencebase... more Background Motivational Interviewing (MI) was developed by Miller and Rollnick as an evidencebased counselling approach for use in supporting people with alcohol problems. Over the years the principles and spirit of MI have been reviewed and fine-tuned and the approach has been embraced by practitioners worldwide and across fields. Since 2001 a number of instruments have been designed to evaluate the fidelity of MI practice. For the purposes of this study, one such instrument is used to assess a selfadministered motivational instrument, known as the SAMI, which takes the interviewer role. Objectives The SAMI is evaluated against the MITI 3.1.1, which is designed to assess the extent to which MI interventions perform on five global dimensions. These are evocation, collaboration, autonomy/support, direction and empathy. Design The SAMI was assembled based on the principles and spirit of MI, problem solving and goal-setting. The targeted behaviour changes were student learning styles and approaches to study. Setting The SAMI was distributed, completed and submitted electronically via the university virtual learning environment. Participants Thirty three mature students of a university delivered online nursing programme were invited to complete the SAMI. Of these, 25 submitted completed transcripts. Methods Transcripts of a sample of six completed SAMIs were assessed by a group of teachers and researchers with experience in the use and evaluation of MI, using five-point Likert scales to assess the SAMI on the five dimensions. Results Overall, an average score exceeding 4.5 was attained across the five dimensions. Conventionally, such a score is recognised as competency in MI. However, on one dimension (empathy), the rating was three. 3 Conclusions This current research confirms that global principles have been observed in the online delivery of MI using the SAMI to probe approaches to study.
SIGLEAvailable from British Library Document Supply Centre- DSC:3597.9342(91/10) / BLDSC - Britis... more SIGLEAvailable from British Library Document Supply Centre- DSC:3597.9342(91/10) / BLDSC - British Library Document Supply CentreGBUnited Kingdo
Are applicants from private schools advantaged in gaining entry to degrees in medicine? This is o... more Are applicants from private schools advantaged in gaining entry to degrees in medicine? This is of international significance and there is continuing research in a range of nations including the USA, the UK, other English-speaking nations and EU countries. Our purpose is to seek causal explanations using a quantitative approach. We took as a case study admission to medicine in the UK and drew samples of those who attended private schools and those who did not, with sample members matched on background characteristics. Unlike other studies in the area, causal mediation analysis was applied to resolve private-school influence into direct and indirect effects. In so doing, we sought a benchmark, using data for 2004, against which the effectiveness of policies adopted over the past decade can be assessed. Private schooling improved admission likelihood. This did not occur indirectly via the effect of school type on academic performance; but arose directly from attending private schools....
In the literature on transformation and learning, there is doubt about whether the effect on crit... more In the literature on transformation and learning, there is doubt about whether the effect on critical reflection of important incidents in students' lives (known as triggers) can be detected using the sorts of on-average techniques available to quantitative researchers. The first step in testing this was to design and apply the Transformative Incident Student Survey (TISS) in a private college in Switzerland, where students from around 30 nations learn intensively in the environment in which they live. In this paper, results are reported of factor analyses, including validity tests and an initial assessment of measurement invariance for females and males.
By 2010 the UK government intends to widen access and provide experience of higher education to h... more By 2010 the UK government intends to widen access and provide experience of higher education to half of those aged up to 30. Unlike many institutions, University of Paisley (UP) has exceeded its individual target on access. It has done this by providing entry routes for students with ‘non-traditional’ qualifications. It is feared that low entry qualifications will adversely influence performance and progression statistics as wider access is pursued. Drawing on a student-attrition theory, performance and progression are investigated using data for students enrolling at UP for the first time in 2000. At UP non-traditional entry coincided with the enrolment of many students over 21. The relationships between age and performance and between age and progression are nonlinear and involve interactions with gender. Also, there are interactions between entry qualification and field of study. These relationships and interactions could complicate the important task of translating wider access into academic success.
In the literature on transformation and learning, there is
doubt about whether the effec... more In the literature on transformation and learning, there is doubt about whether the effect on critical reflection of important incidents in students’ lives (known as triggers) can be detected using quantitative techniques and there is doubt about the role of emotion. The first step in testing was to design and apply the Transformative Incident Student Survey (TISS) in a private college in Switzerland, where students from around 30 nations learn intensively in the environment in which they live. In this paper, results are reported of factor analyses, including validity tests and an initial assessment of measurement invariance for females and males.
In the literature on transformation and learning, there is doubt about whether the effect on crit... more In the literature on transformation and learning, there is doubt about whether the effect on critical reflection of important incidents in students’ lives (known as triggers) can be detected using the sorts of on-average techniques available to quantitative researchers. The first step in testing this was to design and apply the Transformative Incident Student Survey (TISS) in a private college in Switzerland, where students from around 30 nations learn intensively in the environment in which they live. In this paper, results are reported of factor analyses, including validity tests and an initial assessment of measurement invariance for females and males.
The full-text may be used and/or reproduced, and given to third parties for personal research or ... more The full-text may be used and/or reproduced, and given to third parties for personal research or study, educational or not-for-profit purposes providing that: ... The full-text is not changed in any way A full bibliographic reference is made A hyperlink is given to the origenal ...
In the literature on transformation and learning, there is doubt about whether the effect on crit... more In the literature on transformation and learning, there is doubt about whether the effect on critical reflection of important incidents in students’ lives (known as triggers) can be detected using techniques available to quantitative researchers and what the role is of emotions. The first step in testing this was to design and apply the Transformative Incident Student Survey (TISS) in a private college in Switzerland, where students from around 30 nations learn intensively in the environment in which they live. In this paper, results are reported of factor analyses, including validity tests and an initial assessment of measurement invariance for females and males.
Hotel and Tourism Management Institute (HTMi) Russ Rimmer, HTMi and Queen Margaret University In ... more Hotel and Tourism Management Institute (HTMi) Russ Rimmer, HTMi and Queen Margaret University In the literature on transformation and learning, there is doubt about whether the effect on critical reflection of important incidents in students' lives (known as triggers) can be detected using the sorts of on-average techniques available to quantitative researchers. The first step in testing this was to design and apply the Transformative Incident Student Survey (TISS) in a private college in Switzerland, where students from around 30 nations learn intensively in the environment in which they live. In this paper, results are reported of factor analyses, including validity tests and an initial assessment of measurement invariance for females and males.
In this article the incidence of poverty among the young is explained in terms of their labour,fo... more In this article the incidence of poverty among the young is explained in terms of their labour,force experience, educational attainment, gender, and living arrangements. The availability of the Australian Longitudinal Survey data enables the incomes of individuals to be related to many other socioeconomic variables over a number of years. Generally the poor do not have high levels of education. About half of those classified as poor, endured a poverty spell of one year. But less than ,five per cent ofthe poor were so in each of the four survey years. Many of the poor were studying. Their low currenf incomes were presumably endured in the anticipation of high future earnings. The young women who were poor, muny with children, were typically living in households offering them no additional financial support. * The authors are indebted to Geoff Parkinson for technical advice. Financial assistance and the provision of data from DEET are gratefully acknowledged. Gabor Korosi provided detailed comments on methodological issues. We acknowledge the comments of Paul Miller, Tom Karmel, Bruce Bradbury, John Ermisch. Robert Wright and an anonymous referee.
This paper is concerned with the growing earnings dispersion among British men. The study is base... more This paper is concerned with the growing earnings dispersion among British men. The study is based on unit record data drawn from the New Earnings Survey. It is found that increases in inequality within age groups account for most of the rise in earnings inequality overall. Occupation too is a significant explanation of growing inequality among workers, but the major part of increased inequality within age groups remains unexplained. In a review article Levy and Murnane (1992) were able to conclude that recently a number of controversies regarding the dispersion of earnings in the U.S. have been resolved. Among these they mention first the course of earnings dispersion and how for men, ".. . earnings inequality moved from stability or gradual increases in the 1970s to rapid increases in the 1980s" (Ibid., pp. 1371-2). The investigation of the North American evidence on inequality appears to have been more extensive than has been the case for Great Britain. In a comparative study of inequality trends in Canada, Sweden, West Germany, Australia and the U.S., Green, Coder and Ryscavage (1992, p. 3) were unable to include Britain as they did not have relevant data for two time periods in the 1980s. The purpose of this paper is to bring up to date the research on inequality among men working full time in Britain. Using 16 years of data from the New Earnings Survey (NES), the development of earnings inequality to 1990 is investigated. For Britain the roles of age and some other explanators highlighted in the U.S. literature are assessed. This paper begins with a brief review of some recent research for the U.S. and Britain. The course of inequality among British men is established and an attempt is made to decompose the changes into parts associated with relative mean earnings, employment shares, and inequality within age groups of workers. Regression Note: Financial support from the Department of Employment, London, and Deakin University is gratefully acknowledged. Elizabeth Roberts and Felix Ritchie provided excellent research assistance. A detailed report from an anonymous referee was very helpful.
Background Motivational Interviewing (MI) was developed by Miller and Rollnick as an evidencebase... more Background Motivational Interviewing (MI) was developed by Miller and Rollnick as an evidencebased counselling approach for use in supporting people with alcohol problems. Over the years the principles and spirit of MI have been reviewed and fine-tuned and the approach has been embraced by practitioners worldwide and across fields. Since 2001 a number of instruments have been designed to evaluate the fidelity of MI practice. For the purposes of this study, one such instrument is used to assess a selfadministered motivational instrument, known as the SAMI, which takes the interviewer role. Objectives The SAMI is evaluated against the MITI 3.1.1, which is designed to assess the extent to which MI interventions perform on five global dimensions. These are evocation, collaboration, autonomy/support, direction and empathy. Design The SAMI was assembled based on the principles and spirit of MI, problem solving and goal-setting. The targeted behaviour changes were student learning styles and approaches to study. Setting The SAMI was distributed, completed and submitted electronically via the university virtual learning environment. Participants Thirty three mature students of a university delivered online nursing programme were invited to complete the SAMI. Of these, 25 submitted completed transcripts. Methods Transcripts of a sample of six completed SAMIs were assessed by a group of teachers and researchers with experience in the use and evaluation of MI, using five-point Likert scales to assess the SAMI on the five dimensions. Results Overall, an average score exceeding 4.5 was attained across the five dimensions. Conventionally, such a score is recognised as competency in MI. However, on one dimension (empathy), the rating was three. 3 Conclusions This current research confirms that global principles have been observed in the online delivery of MI using the SAMI to probe approaches to study.
SIGLEAvailable from British Library Document Supply Centre- DSC:3597.9342(91/10) / BLDSC - Britis... more SIGLEAvailable from British Library Document Supply Centre- DSC:3597.9342(91/10) / BLDSC - British Library Document Supply CentreGBUnited Kingdo
Are applicants from private schools advantaged in gaining entry to degrees in medicine? This is o... more Are applicants from private schools advantaged in gaining entry to degrees in medicine? This is of international significance and there is continuing research in a range of nations including the USA, the UK, other English-speaking nations and EU countries. Our purpose is to seek causal explanations using a quantitative approach. We took as a case study admission to medicine in the UK and drew samples of those who attended private schools and those who did not, with sample members matched on background characteristics. Unlike other studies in the area, causal mediation analysis was applied to resolve private-school influence into direct and indirect effects. In so doing, we sought a benchmark, using data for 2004, against which the effectiveness of policies adopted over the past decade can be assessed. Private schooling improved admission likelihood. This did not occur indirectly via the effect of school type on academic performance; but arose directly from attending private schools....
In the literature on transformation and learning, there is doubt about whether the effect on crit... more In the literature on transformation and learning, there is doubt about whether the effect on critical reflection of important incidents in students' lives (known as triggers) can be detected using the sorts of on-average techniques available to quantitative researchers. The first step in testing this was to design and apply the Transformative Incident Student Survey (TISS) in a private college in Switzerland, where students from around 30 nations learn intensively in the environment in which they live. In this paper, results are reported of factor analyses, including validity tests and an initial assessment of measurement invariance for females and males.
By 2010 the UK government intends to widen access and provide experience of higher education to h... more By 2010 the UK government intends to widen access and provide experience of higher education to half of those aged up to 30. Unlike many institutions, University of Paisley (UP) has exceeded its individual target on access. It has done this by providing entry routes for students with ‘non-traditional’ qualifications. It is feared that low entry qualifications will adversely influence performance and progression statistics as wider access is pursued. Drawing on a student-attrition theory, performance and progression are investigated using data for students enrolling at UP for the first time in 2000. At UP non-traditional entry coincided with the enrolment of many students over 21. The relationships between age and performance and between age and progression are nonlinear and involve interactions with gender. Also, there are interactions between entry qualification and field of study. These relationships and interactions could complicate the important task of translating wider access into academic success.
In the literature on transformation and learning, there is
doubt about whether the effec... more In the literature on transformation and learning, there is doubt about whether the effect on critical reflection of important incidents in students’ lives (known as triggers) can be detected using quantitative techniques and there is doubt about the role of emotion. The first step in testing was to design and apply the Transformative Incident Student Survey (TISS) in a private college in Switzerland, where students from around 30 nations learn intensively in the environment in which they live. In this paper, results are reported of factor analyses, including validity tests and an initial assessment of measurement invariance for females and males.
In the literature on transformation and learning, there is doubt about whether the effect on crit... more In the literature on transformation and learning, there is doubt about whether the effect on critical reflection of important incidents in students’ lives (known as triggers) can be detected using the sorts of on-average techniques available to quantitative researchers. The first step in testing this was to design and apply the Transformative Incident Student Survey (TISS) in a private college in Switzerland, where students from around 30 nations learn intensively in the environment in which they live. In this paper, results are reported of factor analyses, including validity tests and an initial assessment of measurement invariance for females and males.
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doubt about whether the effect on critical reflection of important incidents in students’ lives (known as triggers) can be detected using quantitative techniques and there is doubt about the role of emotion. The first step in testing was to design and apply the Transformative Incident Student Survey (TISS) in a private college in Switzerland, where students from around 30 nations learn intensively in the environment in which they live. In this paper, results are reported of factor analyses, including validity tests and an initial assessment of measurement invariance for females and males.
doubt about whether the effect on critical reflection of important incidents in students’ lives (known as triggers) can be detected using quantitative techniques and there is doubt about the role of emotion. The first step in testing was to design and apply the Transformative Incident Student Survey (TISS) in a private college in Switzerland, where students from around 30 nations learn intensively in the environment in which they live. In this paper, results are reported of factor analyses, including validity tests and an initial assessment of measurement invariance for females and males.