Papers by MAI NURUL ASHIKIN TAIB
Pharmacy, 2018
Background: Paracetamol may be used as an antipyretic agent for the treatment of fever, as well a... more Background: Paracetamol may be used as an antipyretic agent for the treatment of fever, as well as an analgesic in the treatment of mild to moderate pain post-vaccination in infants. The use of paracetamol during fever may be or may not be recommended since it may alter the natural human body immune response, although it may reduce fever and fussiness. Objectives: The aims of this study are to describe the effectiveness of breastfeeding in reducing pain and paracetamol in reducing fever and pain post infant vaccination. Methods: Data sources and study selection was conducted by electronic searching of six databases. Manual reference checks of all articles on paracetamol and breastfeeding post infant vaccination published in the English language between 1978 and 2017. Two levels of screening were used on 9614 citations, which include screening of abstracts and titles followed by full text screening. The data synthesis were tabulated into study characteristics, quality, and effects. Results: Systematic review of breastfeeding included three studies from 9614 database searches found significant benefit from breastfeeding in pain scores and the duration of crying, as well as behavioural changes. None of the studies stated the detriment of breastfeeding before, during, and after immunization. Systematic review of paracetamol effectiveness included four studies from 1177 database searches found significant benefit from prophylaxis paracetamol in fever, one study found significant benefit from prophylaxis paracetamol in fussiness, and one study's results were found to be not significant. Two studies on evaluating the safety of prophylactic paracetamol in 2009 found that antibody responses to several antigens were significantly reduced, and the other study in 1988 found that antibody titres to DTP bacteria of placebo and PCM did not differ significantly. Conclusions: The relevancy of giving paracetamol post all types of vaccination may be questionable. Breastfeeding before, during, and after immunization are recommended for pain reduction and are proven effective. Further research is required in deciding if paracetamol is to be of rational use following infant immunization.
Clinical Otolaryngology, 2016
BackgroundThe long‐term prognosis of hypopharyngeal cancer is poor. Surgery necessitates pharyngo... more BackgroundThe long‐term prognosis of hypopharyngeal cancer is poor. Surgery necessitates pharyngolaryngectomy with flap reconstruction. For such patients, it is important that functional outcomes are preserved to maintain a respectable quality of life.Objective of reviewTo identify the functional outcomes following pharyngolaryngectomy with respect to quality of life, speech and swallow through a systematic review of literature.Search strategySearches of EBM databases and literature databases using key words: pharyngolaryngectomy, laryngopharyngectomy, swallow, dysphagia, speech and dysphonia from 1970 to August 2014. Articles were screened for relevance using pre‐determined inclusion and exclusion criteria.Evaluation methodArticles reviewed by authors and data compiled in tables for analysis.ResultsNo previous systematic reviews assessing functional outcomes were identified. Seventeen studies reported speech outcomes (576 patients) and fifteen reported swallow outcomes (1076 patien...
The Medical journal of Malaysia, 2008
Newborn screening for congenital hypothyroidism (CH) was implemented in Hospital UKM in December ... more Newborn screening for congenital hypothyroidism (CH) was implemented in Hospital UKM in December 2004 using cord blood sample. From the audit over a period of 25 months, a total of 13,875 newborn babies were screened with a coverage of 98.8%. From this cohort, the mean recall rate was 0.32%; unfortunately the mean percentage of recalled babies that came for retesting was only 79.5%. In addition, the mean sample rejection rate was high, i.e. 2.2%. Two babies were diagnosed to have CH. These findings implied that whilst the coverage of screening was good, there is a need for regular surveillance of performance of both clinical and laboratory personnel. In addition, a more concerted effort should be carried out to promote community awareness of such a programme.
British Dental Journal, 2008
MEANDCOVID19
Introduction: The extent of burnout among clinical and non-clinical academics during the COVID-19... more Introduction: The extent of burnout among clinical and non-clinical academics during the COVID-19 pandemic is not well gauged and necessitates further attention. This study was designed to determine the prevalence of burnout among academics in the International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM), Kuantan campus, and the associated sociodemographic and occupational-related factors. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study between March and May 2021 using questionnaires adapted from Copenhagen Burnout Inventory and General Stressor Questionnaire at the IIUM, Kuantan campus. Results: 57 clinical and 93 non-clinical academics responded to the survey. The prevalence of significant burnout was 49%. Compared to non-clinical academics, clinical academics had a significantly higher proportion of burnout with a p-value of <0.001, particularly in work-related, student-related, and superior-related burnout domains, with a p-value of 0.004, <0.001, and 0.006, respectively. Factors sig...
Asian Journal of Medicine and Biomedicine
Introduction: Muslims need to adopt several postures that require deep flexion of the knee and hi... more Introduction: Muslims need to adopt several postures that require deep flexion of the knee and hip to perform daily prayer obligation. We conducted a cross-sectional study to determine the correlation between body mass index and the range of motion of the joints of the lower limb. Methodology: 115 young male adults aged between 20 to 30 years were recruited. A standard goniometer was used to determine the active and passive range of motions of the hip and knee joints in various postures during prayer. Factors analyzed include body mass index (BMI), length of the lower limbs, and circumferences of the abdomen and limbs. Results: The mean of the passive hip flexion and passive knee flexion were higher compared to other normative range of motion database. The BMI demonstrated a significant correlation with the passive range of motion of the knee joint but not with the hip joint. Conclusion: The ROM involved for prayers was more for the knee joint and less for the hip joint, reflecting ...
Illness does not alleviate the obligation of Muslim patients to perform religious duties such as ... more Illness does not alleviate the obligation of Muslim patients to perform religious duties such as prayer. The need for a systematic evaluation of patients’ ability to perform such duties needs to be highlighted and anticipated. Thus, a research was designed to develop a standard, objective evaluation scoring system to recognize disability levels of Muslim trauma patients in performing religious physical cleansing and prayer during their illness and improve the deliverance of assistance they need. This research involves five stages. 1-Identifying common and specific problems faced by trauma patients, 2-Constructing a disability score based on data obtained, 3- Incorporating Islamic rulings and pilot testing, 4-Validation and reliability testing, and 5-Patient categorization and development of a in-patient coding system. Trauma patients of general orthopaedic wards of a local institution were recruited for this research. In the initial phase of this research, we had identified problems...
Asia Research News, Sep 29, 2020
A high incidence of tooth-related ‘periodontal’ diseases among a sample of Malaysian children wit... more A high incidence of tooth-related ‘periodontal’ diseases among a sample of Malaysian children with diabetes suggests these conditions should be given more attention, as is the case with other co-morbidities. Periodontal disease is the sixth most common co-morbidity in people with diabetes. Researchers at the International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM) examined 64 children, finding a high prevalence (96.8%) of periodontal disease in those with diabetes compared to those without. More than 6% of the children with diabetes who had periodontal disease were found to have untreated or a severe form of periodontal disease
IIUM Medical Journal Malaysia, 2013
Introduction: Qur’anic verses recitations to ill patients are practiced by many Muslims as a form... more Introduction: Qur’anic verses recitations to ill patients are practiced by many Muslims as a form of healing and worship. The effectiveness has been observed in many medical institutions; however, it has never been objectively measured and documented. This pilot study was conducted to construct a methodological approach to evaluate the therapeutic effects of Yasiin recitation on the haemodynamics of critically ill patients. Methods: Ventilated Muslim patients in coronary care unit of a teaching hospital were evaluated. Yasiin was recited twice; by one of the researchers and then by the patients’ relatives. Mean arterial blood pressure, pulse rate, oxygen saturation level and electrocardiographic changes, were observed. The difference of the parameters before and during recitation was analysed. Results: Five patients fulfilling the selection criteria were selected; two acute myocardial infarctions, two congestive cardiac failures, and a third-degree atrioventricular block. Based on a...
Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is the major risk factor for periodontal disease (PD). PD incl... more Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is the major risk factor for periodontal disease (PD). PD includes a spectrum of disorders ranging from gingivitis to periodontitis. If undetected and left untreated the disease can lead to early tooth loss. Assessing PD health is beneficial for keeping good oral health, which affects on glycemic control of the children and adolescent with DM. Objectives: To evaluate the periodontal health status of Malaysian diabetic children and adolescents compared to healthy controls. Methods: Periodontal health related parameters were clinically assessed in 32 children and adolescents (10-19 years of age) with diabetes and 32 non-diabetic control subjects. Age, gender, Body Mass Index (BMI), CDC percentiles and smoking status matching were done and purposive sampling was applied. HbA1C (%) results within 3-6 months before oral health assessment was used to define glycemic control status of the subjects. A cross analysis and Independent sample-t test were appli...
Illness does not alleviate the obligation of Muslim patients to perform religious duties such as ... more Illness does not alleviate the obligation of Muslim patients to perform religious duties such as prayer. The need for a systematic evaluation of patients’ ability to perform such duties needs to be highlighted and anticipated. Thus, a research was designed to develop a standard, objective evaluation scoring system to recognize disability levels of Muslim trauma patients in performing religious physical cleansing and prayer during their illness and improve the deliverance of assistance they need. This research involves five stages. 1-Identifying common and specific problems faced by trauma patients, 2-Constructing a disability score based on data obtained, 3- Incorporating Islamic rulings and pilot testing, 4-Validation and reliability testing, and 5-Patient categorization and development of a in-patient coding system. Trauma patients of general orthopaedic wards of a local institution were recruited for this research. In the initial phase of this research, we had identified problems...
Objectives:The method of treatment for pathological fractures of proximal femur in children must ... more Objectives:The method of treatment for pathological fractures of proximal femur in children must be able to provide a stable fixation at the same time respect the anatomical peculiarities of the region. This case series demonstrates the use of LCP paediatric hip plate with injectable calcium sulphate (CaSO4) as a treatment option. Materials and Method:Three children aged between 6 to 9 years old presented with pathological fracture Delbet-Colonna type IV following fall. Diagnosis of lesions (2 unicameral bone cyst, 1 fibrous dysplasia) were made pre-operatively by MRI and confirmed on HPE from sample taken intraoperatively. The fractures were fixed using LCP paediatric hip plate 120°. Injectable CaSO4 was inserted through cortical window to fill the bone defect. Results: Acceptable neck-shaft angle was restored and stable fixation achieved in all three cases. No screw inserted through the physis. At 6 weeks following surgery, abundant of callus observed on plain radiograph. Complete...
IIUM Medical Journal Malaysia, 2015
Introduction: Praying represents a fundamental activity of daily living in Muslim community. Musl... more Introduction: Praying represents a fundamental activity of daily living in Muslim community. Muslims need to adopt several postures that require deep flexion of the knee and hip to perform this daily obligation. This is a preliminary report of the study on hip and knee range of motion conducted to obtain normative passive and functional range of flexion data during Muslim prayers in both weight-bearing joints of normal Muslim adults. Methods: A cohort of Malay men aged between 20 to 30 years was recruited in this cross-sectional study. Passive range of motion and flexion angles of the joints in various postures during prayer were measured using a standard goniometer. The difference against existing normative range of motion database available and the influence of various factors were analysed. Factors analysed include body mass index and other anthropometric measurements. Results: Sixty participants recruited for the preliminary phase of this study. The mean (SD) of passive hip and ...
Background of Study: Recitation of Qur’anic verses to ill patients are practiced by many Muslims ... more Background of Study: Recitation of Qur’anic verses to ill patients are practiced by many Muslims as a form of healing and worship. The effectiveness has been observed in many medical institutions; however, very few were objectively measured and documented. This pilot study was conducted to construct a methodological approach to evaluate the therapeutic effects of Yasiin recitation, a chapter in the Holy Qur’an, on the haemodynamics of critically ill patients. Materials and Methods: Ventilated Muslim patients in coronary care unit of a teaching hospital were evaluated. Yasiin was recited twice; by one of the researchers and then by the patients’ relatives. Mean arterial blood pressure (MABP), pulse rate (PR), oxygen saturation level (SPO2) and electrocardiographic changes (ECG), were observed. The difference of the parameters before and during recitation was analysed. Results: Five patients fulfilling the selection criteria were selected; two acute myocardial infarctions, two congestive cardiac failures, and a third-degree atrioventricular block. Statistical analyses were performed using a non-parametric two-related-sample test. The haemodynamic parameters were found not significantly affected by Yaasiin recitation. At the end of the study, two of the patients passed away, one patient was successfully extubated and survived. Two patients were still on ventilators upon completion of the study. Limitations faced during the study were observed and highlighted in explaining the equivocal results. Conclusions: The effect of Yasiin recitation on heamodynamics of critically ill patients was not proven in this study. Further refinements might be needed based upon the observation on limitations encountered. It is hoped that this humble effort would pave the way for further studies to explore this field.
Guided imagery and relaxation (GIR) involves generation of positive sensation and emotion through... more Guided imagery and relaxation (GIR) involves generation of positive sensation and emotion through mental imagination to induce a state of psychological and physiological relaxation. Objective: To develop, validate and evaluate a GIR audio for children in Bahasa Malaysia. Methods: Based on extensive review, GIR script was developed by a clinical psychologist. Panels of experts including pediatric oncologists and psychiatrist conducted initial assessment at multiple stages of hearing sessions. The final version of the audio was pre-recorded in MP3 player for evaluation. Results: Face and content validation of 3 x 5 minutes duration of GIR audio were obtained via experts’ reports. Twenty-three participants (5 adults, 18 children) listened to the audio and completed evaluation form. All adult evaluators gave positive remarks on the script, narration and recording quality. As for the children, 100% completed audio-hearing and majority (66.7% – 88.9%) was able to imagine well without falling asleep and in some way affected by the imagery-induced relaxation audio. Majority was not disturbed during the hearing sessions (66.7%), will hear it again (83.3%) and found it enjoyable (88.8%). Conclusion: This is the first known study developing GIR audio in Bahasa Malaysia which is feasible, enjoyable and beneficial for children that warrants efficacy study.
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Papers by MAI NURUL ASHIKIN TAIB