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86400 Climatic zoning of yerba mate and climate change projections: a CMIP6 approach | International Journal of Biometeorology
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Climatic zoning of yerba mate and climate change projections: a CMIP6 approach

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Abstract

Yerba mate (Ilex paraguariensis) is renowned for its nutritional and pharmaceutical attributes. A staple in South American (SA) culture, it serves as the foundation for several traditional beverages. Significantly, the pharmaceutical domain has secured numerous patents associated with this plant's distinctive properties. This research delves into the climatic influence on yerba mate by leveraging the CMIP6 model projections to assess potential shifts brought about by climate change. Given its economic and socio-cultural significance, comprehending how climate change might sway yerba mate's production and distribution is pivotal. The CMIP6 model offers insights into future conditions, pinpointing areas that are either conducive or adverse for yerba mate cultivation. Our findings will be instrumental in crafting adaptive and mitigative strategies, thereby directing sustainable production planning for yerba mate. The core objective of this study was to highlight zones optimal for Ilex paraguariensis cultivation across its major producers: Brazil, Argentina, Paraguay, and Uruguay, under CMIP6's climate change forecasts. Our investigation encompassed major producing zones spanning the North, Northeast, Midwest, Southeast, and South of Brazil, along with the aforementioned countries. A conducive environment for this crop's growth features air temperatures between 21 to 25 °C and a minimum precipitation of 1200 mm per cycle. We sourced the current climate data from the WorldClim version 2 platform. Meanwhile, projections for future climatic parameters were derived from WorldClim 2.1, utilizing the IPSL-CM6A-LR model with a refined 30-s spatial resolution. We took into account four distinct socio-economic pathways over varying timelines: 2021–2040, 2041–2060, 2061–2081, and 2081–2100. Geographic information system data aided in the spatial interpolation across Brazil, applying the Kriging technique. The outcomes revealed a majority of the examined areas as non-conducive for yerba mate cultivation, with a scanty 12.25% (1.5 million km2) deemed favorable. Predominantly, these propitious regions lie in southern Brazil and Uruguay, the present-day primary producers of yerba mate. Alarming was the discovery that forthcoming climatic scenarios predominantly forecast detrimental shifts, characterized by escalating average air temperatures and diminishing rainfall. These trends portend a decline in suitable cultivation regions for yerba mate.

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Acknowledgements

This study was funded by the Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Mato Grosso do Sul (IFMS).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Federal Institute of Mato Grosso Do Sul (IFMS), Navirai, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil

    Guilherme Botega Torsoni

  2. Federal Institute of Sul de Minas Gerais, Muzambinho, Minas Gerais, Brazil

    Lucas Eduardo de Oliveira Aparecido, Pedro Antonio Lorençone & João Antonio Lorençone

  3. Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias - Câmpus de Jaboticabal – Unesp, Jaboticabal, Sao Paulo, Brazil

    Rafael Fausto de Lima & Glauco de Souza Rolim

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  1. Guilherme Botega Torsoni
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  2. Lucas Eduardo de Oliveira Aparecido
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  3. Pedro Antonio Lorençone
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  4. João Antonio Lorençone
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  5. Rafael Fausto de Lima
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  6. Glauco de Souza Rolim
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Correspondence to Lucas Eduardo de Oliveira Aparecido.

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Torsoni, G.B., de Oliveira Aparecido, L.E., Lorençone, P.A. et al. Climatic zoning of yerba mate and climate change projections: a CMIP6 approach. Int J Biometeorol 68, 979–990 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00484-024-02641-5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00484-024-02641-5

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