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Dr. Shahnaz Hasan

University of Majmaah, Physiotherapy and Health Rehabilitation, Faculty Member

Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia, Physiotherapy, Associate Professor

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Dr. Shahnaz Hasan embarked on her journey in Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation two decades ago at Aligarh Muslim University, where she earned her entry-level professional degree in 1999. Her unwavering passion for musculoskeletal physiotherapy propelled her to pursue a Master's degree at Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, and later to achieve a PhD in the same discipline in 2013. Fueled by an insatiable thirst for knowledge and expertise, she pursued further super specialization in Orthopedic Manual Therapy from Western Australia.

Now an Associate Professor at Majmaah University, Dr. Hasan is wholeheartedly dedicated to nurturing the next generation of healthcare professionals. By mentoring and refining graduate and doctoral students' clinical and research skills, she aims to empower them to surpass their career aspirations.

Dr. Hasan primarily focuses on pain management, muscle strength, and manual therapy for various musculoskeletal disorders. Her objectives include developing non-surgical interventions for specific sub-populations at risk of hip and knee osteoarthritis, as well as individuals with early osteoarthritis and other musculoskeletal disorders. She is passionately dedicated to leading transformative advancements in healthcare and enthusiastically invites collaboration across disciplines worldwide.

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Papers by Dr. Shahnaz Hasan

Efficacy of Scapular Functional and Cervical Isometric Exercises in the Management of Chronic Mechanical Neck Pain: A Randomized Comparative Trial

Pain Research and Management, 2024

The global rise in work-related musculoskeletal ailments has led to neck discomfort, scapular mus... more The global rise in work-related musculoskeletal ailments has led to neck discomfort, scapular muscle dysfunction, reduced neck mobility, and functional limitations. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of scapular functional exercises (SFE) and cervical isometric exercises (CIE) on pain, cervical range of motion (CROM), and functional limitations in individuals with chronic mechanical neck pain (CMNP).

Beyond the needle: How nonsurgical management transforms foot and ankle ability in male footballers with posterior ankle impingement- a longitudinal study

Elsevier, 2024

Posterior ankle Impingement (PAI) is a condition commonly affecting athletes and individuals enga... more Posterior ankle Impingement (PAI) is a condition commonly affecting athletes and individuals engaged in activities involving repetitive ankle plantar flexion. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of nonsurgical management, excluding corticosteroid injections, on the functional outcomes of football players diagnosed with PAI

Relationship between Kinesthesia and Motor Performance in Young Adults with Generalized Joint Hypermobility: A Systematic Review

Journal of Pharmacy And Bioallied Sciences, 2024

This study was conducted to investigate the relationship between kinesthesia and motor performanc... more This study was conducted to investigate the relationship between kinesthesia and motor performance in young adults with generalized joint hypermobility (GJH). A systematic review was conducted in accordance with the PRISMA guidelines. PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, PsycINFO, CINAHL, Scopus, and Google Scholar were scoured to select relevant papers. Ten papers were selected for the review. The study found no significant impact of GJH on the kinesthetic domains. Several studies suggested varying impacts of GJH on motor performance, with some indicating potential benefits and others indicating possible detriments. Interestingly, the impact of GJH on motor performance was found to be influenced by other factors such as fitness, body mass index, and the use of specific assessment tools. The results suggest that GJH does not significantly impact motor performance in young adults. However, the relationship between GJH and motor performance appears to be complex and may be influenced by several other factors.

Effect of Tui-Na versus positional release techniques on pregnancy-related low back pain in the third-trimester: A randomized comparative trial

Medicine, 2024

Researchers are prioritizing the development of an effective treatment approach for third-trimest... more Researchers are prioritizing the development of an effective treatment approach for third-trimester pregnancy-related low back pain (LBP), a prevalent and costly disorder. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the effects of Tui-Na (TN) versus positional release techniques (PRT) on third-trimester pregnancy-related LBP.

Influence of Pain, Risk Factors, and Functional Ability on Physical Activity Levels in Women with Anterior Knee Pain: A Cross-Sectional Study

Medicina, 2024

This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative... more

Enhancing physical attributes and performance in badminton players: efficacy of backward walking training on treadmill

by Dr. Shahnaz Hasan and Amir Iqbal

Springer, 2024

Background Badminton, a dynamic sport, demands players to display exceptional physical attributes... more Background Badminton, a dynamic sport, demands players to display exceptional physical attributes such as agility, core stability, and reaction time. Backward walking training on a treadmill has garnered attention for its potential to enhance physical attributes and optimize performance in athletes while minimizing the risk of injuries. Objective By investigating the efficacy of this novel approach, we aim to provide valuable insights to optimize training regimens and contribute to the advancement of sports science in badminton. Methodology Sixty-four participants were randomized into a control group (n = 32) and an experimental group (n = 32). The control group received routine exercise training, while the experimental group received routine exercise training along with additional backward walking training on the treadmill. Pre-and post-intervention measurements were taken for core stability using the Plank test, balance using the Star Excursion Balance test, reaction time using the 6-point footwork test, and agility using the Illinois Agility test. Results The results showed that the experimental group demonstrated significant improvements in core stability (p < 0.001), balance (p < 0.001), reaction time (p < 0.05), and agility (p < 0.001) compared to the control group. The backward walking training proved to be effective in enhancing these physical attributes in badminton players. Conclusion Incorporating backward walking exercises into the training regimen of badminton players may contribute to their overall performance.

The Combined Effect of the Trapezius Muscle Strengthening and Pectoralis Minor Muscle Stretching on Correcting the Rounded Shoulder Posture and Shoulder Flexion Range of Motion among Young Saudi Females: A Randomized Comparative Study

Healthcare, Feb 8, 2023

Efficacy of Patellar Taping and Electromyographic Biofeedback Training at Various Knee Angles on Quadriceps Strength and Functional Performance in Young Adult Male Athletes with Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Pain Research and Management, 2022

Background. The severity of the articular lesion is the single most essential element in investig... more Background. The severity of the articular lesion is the single most essential element in investigating the extent of flexion that is required for activities. However, a prior study found no differences in muscle strength gains of quadriceps muscles at different knee angles in people with patellofemoral pain syndrome (PFPS). Objective. The effects of patellar taping and electromyographic biofeedback (EMG-BF)-guided isometric quadriceps strengthening at different knee angles (e.g., 30°, 60°, and 90° of knee flexion) on quadriceps strength and functional performance in people with PFPS were compared in this single-blind randomized controlled parallel trial. Methods. Sixty adult male athletes with PFPS (age: 26.9 ± 1.4 years) were randomly divided into two groups. The experimental group (n = 30) received patellar taping and EMG-BF-guided isometric contraction exercise at 30°, 60°, and 90° angles, and the control group (n = 30) received sham patellar taping without EMG-BF-guided exercise...

Effect of plyometric training and neuromuscular electrical stimulation assisted strength training on muscular, sprint, and functional performances in collegiate male football players

PeerJ

Background The study’s objective was to analyze the influence of an 8-week neuromuscular electric... more Background The study’s objective was to analyze the influence of an 8-week neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) with a plyometric (PT) and strength training (ST) program on muscular, sprint, and functional performances in collegiate male football players. Methods Sixty collegiate male football players participated in this randomized controlled trial single-blind study. All the participants were randomly divided into two groups: (1) NMES group (Experimental, n = 30) who received NMES assisted ST and (2) sham NMES group (Control, n = 30) who received sham NMES assisted ST. In addition, participants from both groups received a PT program; both groups received intervention on three days a week for 8-weeks. The study’s outcomes, such as muscular, sprint, and functional performances, were assessed using a strength test (STN) for quadriceps muscle, sprint test (ST), and single-leg triple hop test (SLTHT), respectively, at baseline pre-intervention and 8-week post-intervention. The i...

Assessing muscle energy technique and foam roller self-myofascial release for low back pain management in two-wheeler riders

by Dr. Shahnaz Hasan and Amir Iqbal

Scientific Reports, 2024

Pain in the lower back is a major concern in today's era due to prolonged sitting in two-wheeler ... more Pain in the lower back is a major concern in today's era due to prolonged sitting in two-wheeler riders, mainly due to hamstring tightness. It also creates physical disability and impairment in activities of daily living. The study aimed to compare the efficacy of muscle energy technique (MET) and selfmyofascial release (SMFR) using the foam roller on hamstring flexibility, dynamic balance, and physical disability amongst two-wheeler riders with chronic low back pain (LBP). Participants were randomized into two intervention groups, MET and SMFR using the envelope method, with each group having 20 participants. Hamstring flexibility and range of motion for knee extension and the lower back were assessed using the active knee extension test (AKE-L and AKE-R) and sit and reach test (SRT), while the dynamic balance was assessed by the star excursion balance test (SEBT) and physical disability by Roland-Morris Disability Questionnaire, (RMDQ). Measurements were taken at baseline and after 4 weeks of intervention. This study demonstrated that both SMFR using a foam roller and MET are effective in enhancing hamstring muscle flexibility, (SRT-F(1, 38) = 299.5, p < 0.001; AKE-R-F(1, 38) = 99.53, p < 0.001; AKE-L-F(1, 38) = 89.67, p < 0.001). Additionally, these techniques significantly improved dynamic balance in various directions, including anterior (ANT), anteromedial (AMED), medial (MED), posteromedial (PMED), posterior (POST), posterolateral (PLAT), lateral (LAT), and anterolateral (ALAT) directions (p < 0.01). Furthermore, there was a significant reduction in physical disability (RMDQ-F(1, 38) = 1307, p < 0.001), among two-wheeler riders suffering from chronic LBP. Compared to MET, SMFR using foam rollers was found to be more effective in enhancing hamstring flexibility, improving balance, and decreasing disability level on the RMDQ after 4 weeks.

Functional Outcomes of Accelerated Rehabilitation Protocol For Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction In Amateur Athletes: A Randomized Clinical Trial

Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine, 2024

Background: Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) rupture is the most common knee injury among athlete... more Background: Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) rupture is the most common knee injury among athletes, and can result in long-term complications and career-ending conditions for sportspeople. There is no consensus in the literature on the effectiveness of rehabilitation after ACL reconstruction, or the best protocol to follow for functional outcome improvement. Objective: To determine the impact of an accelerated rehabilitation protocol on knee functional outcomes in amateur athletes with anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR). Design: Two-arm, parallel-group randomized comparative design. Patients: A total of 100 amateur male athletes (mean age 22.01 ± 1.79 years) with ACLR were randomly divided into experimental and control groups (n = 50/ group). Methods: An accelerated rehabilitation protocol and a conventional rehabilitation protocol were used for the experimental group. In contrast, only the conventional rehabilitation protocol was used for the control group. The rehabilitation was delivered in 5 weekly sessions for 22 weeks. The primary outcome measure, knee pain, was measured using a visual analogue scale (VAS). Extensive test batteries, for hop tests, Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS), and knee effusion, were measured, aiming to add more objective criteria to determine functional performance. Results: Both groups (n = 50/group) were wellmatched (p = 0.816), with insignificant differences in their demographic characteristics (p > 0.05). A multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) test showed no significant difference between the 2 groups (p = 0.781) at baseline. A 2-way MANOVA (2 × 2 MANOVA) of within-and between-group variations indicated overall significant treatment, time, and treatment × time interaction effects (p < 0.001) in favour of the accelerated rehabilitation group. Conclusion: The accelerated rehabilitation protocol was more effective in improving functional outcomes than a conventional rehabilitation protocol in amateur athletes with ACLR.

Effect of blood flow restriction as a stand-alone treatment on muscle strength, dynamic balance, and physical function in female patients with chronic ankle instability

Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2023

Background: Blood Flow Restriction (BFR) training has gained popularity as a novel training stra... more Background:
Blood Flow Restriction (BFR) training has gained popularity as a novel training strategy in athletes and rehabilitation settings in recent years.

Objective:
To investigate whether BFR as a stand-alone treatment would affect muscle strength, dynamic balance, and physical function in female patients with chronic ankle instability (CAI).

Methods:
Thirty-nine patients with CAI were randomly allocated into 1 of 3 groups: BFR as a stand-alone (BFR) group, BFR with rehabilitation (BFR+R) group, and rehabilitation (R) group. All groups trained 3 times per week for 4 weeks. One week before and after the intervention, strength of muscles around ankle joint, 3 dynamic balance indices: Overall Stability Index, Anterior-Posterior Stability Index, and Medial-Lateral Stability Index, and physical function were assessed via an isokinetic dynamometer, the Biodex Balance System, and the Foot and Ankle Disability Index, respectively.

Results:
The strength of muscles around ankle and dynamic balance indices improved significantly in BFR + R and R groups (P < .006), but not in BFR group (P > .006). All dynamic balance indices showed improvement in BFR + R and R groups except the Medial-Lateral Stability Index (P > .006). Foot and Ankle Disability Index increased significantly in BFR + R and R groups (P < .006), however; no improvement occurred in BFR group (P > .006).

Conclusions:
The BFR as a stand-alone treatment hasn’t the ability to improve the strength of muscles around the ankle, dynamic balance, and physical function in females with CAI compared to the BFR + R or the R program. In addition, the strength of muscles around the ankle correlated significantly with both dynamic balance and physical function in BFR + R and R groups.

Exploring the impact of integrated polyvagal exercises and knee reinforcement in females with grade II knee osteoarthritis: a randomized controlled trial

Scientific Reports, 2023

This study aimed to compare the effects of knee strengthening exercises to those of polyvagal the... more This study aimed to compare the effects of knee strengthening exercises to those of polyvagal theory-based exercises combined with knee strengthening exercises on selected outcomes in women with grade II knee osteoarthritis (OA). A randomized controlled trial was conducted, in which 60 female participants diagnosed with grade II knee OA, with a mean age of 57.27 ± 7.81 years and knee pain rated between 4 and 7 on the visual analog scale (VAS), were assigned to either the knee strengthening exercise group (Group 1, n = 30) or the polyvagal theory-based exercise plus knee strengthening exercise group (Group 2, n = 30). Pre-and posttreatment assessment of outcome variables, including WOMAC scores (joint pain, joint stiffness, functional limitations, and the overall index), WHOQOL scores (overall quality of life, general health, physical, psychological, social, and environmental domains), and heart rate variability (HRV, time and frequency domains), were analyzed. Group 2 demonstrated significantly greater reductions in joint pain, stiffness, and functional limitations than Group 1 after the intervention. Group 2 presented with significantly improved WOMAC scores, indicating better overall outcomes. Group 2 showed significant improvements in the psychological and social domains regarding quality of life. There were no significant differences in the physical domain or the environmental domain. Group 2 showed a significant increase in highfrequency power (HF) and a significant decrease in the LF/HF ratio, suggesting improved autonomic regulation. A combination of polyvagal exercise and knee strengthening training resulted in superior outcomes compared to knee strengthening exercises alone in women with grade II knee OA. These findings support the potential effectiveness of incorporating polyvagal exercises as an adjunctive intervention for osteoarthritis management. Osteoarthritis (OA) is one of the most prevalent degenerative conditions resulting in disability, particularly among the elderly population. OA is the most common articular disease in the developed world and a leading cause of chronic disability, primarily due to knee OA and hip OA 1. The prevalence of osteoarthritis (OA) is significantly higher in women than in men, and the disease significantly affects both physical and autonomic functions 2. Women are particularly susceptible to OA, accounting for approximately 60% of all OA patients 3. Age is a major risk factor, with the prevalence in women escalating from approximately 10% at ages 25-34 to over 50% at ages 75 and older 2. Exercise plays a pivotal role in sustaining overall well-being and enhancing quality of life, particularly among older women 4. The physical implications of OA in women include pain, stiffness, limited mobility, and a reduced capacity to perform daily activities, leading to compromised quality of life 5. Autonomic

The Efficacy of Manual Therapy and Pressure Biofeedback-Guided Deep Cervical Flexor Muscle Strength Training on Pain and Functional Limitations in Individuals with Cervicogenic Headaches: A Randomized Comparative Study

Hindawi, 2023

Objective. Tis study aimed to compare the efcacy of manual therapy and pressure biofeedback-guide... more Objective. Tis study aimed to compare the efcacy of manual therapy and pressure biofeedback-guided DCFM strength training on pain intensity and functional limitations in individuals with CGH. Trial Design. A double-blinded, two-arm parallel group randomized comparative design. Methods. After applying the eligibility criteria, sixty out of eighty-nine CGH patients were recruited from King Saud University Medical Center in Riyadh and randomly allocated to intervention groups using simple random sampling. Group 1 underwent pressure biofeedback-guided DCFM strength training and conventional treatment, while Group 2 received manual therapy and conventional treatment for three consecutive weeks. Te main outcome measures were scores on the visual analog scale (VAS) and the headache disability index (HDI). One assessor and two physical therapists were blinded to group allocation. Results. Sixty out of eighty participants aged 29-40 years were randomized into intervention groups (n � 30/group; age (mean ± standard deviation): group 1 � 35.0 ± 2.82; group 2 � 34.87 ± 2.60), and their data were analyzed. A signifcant improvement (95% CI, p < 0.05) was observed within each group when comparing the VAS and HDI scores between baseline and postintervention. In contrast, between-group comparisons for the outcome score of VAS and HDI revealed nonsignifcant diferences in the frst, second, and third weeks after intervention, except for the VAS score, which showed a signifcant diference in weeks 2 and 3 after intervention. Cohen's d-value indicated that the intervention efect size for reducing pain was larger in group 1 than in group 2 at weeks 2 and 3. Conclusion. Compared with manual therapy, pressure biofeedback-guided DCFM strength training showed a greater reduction in pain intensity (assessed using the VAS) at weeks two and three. However, both treatments were equally efective in lowering headache-related functional limitations in patients with CGH. Tis trial is registered with ClinicalTrial.gov PRS (Identifer ID: NCT05692232).

Effects of plyometric vs. strength training on strength, sprint, and functional performance in soccer players: a randomized controlled trial

Nature, 2023

Plyometric training (PT) has been shown to have numerous benefits and few harmful effects. This s... more Plyometric training (PT) has been shown to have numerous benefits and few harmful effects. This study aimed to compare the effects of PT vs. strength training on muscle strength, sprint, and lower limb functional performance in soccer players. Ninety participants (mean age 22.5 years) were equally and randomly divided into three groups: a plyometric training group (PTG; n = 30), a strength training group (STG; n = 30), and a control group (CG; n = 30). In PTG: bounding, hurdling, and drop jumping exercises were performed. In STG: isometric exercises of knee extension (at 60º knee flexion), quadriceps (in supine), hip adductors (in crook lying), and straight leg raise were performed. In CG: no specific training was given. All interventions were performed for eight weeks. Isometric strength (IS), sprint (ST), and single-leg triple hop (SLTH) tests were outcome measures. The wilcoxon signed ranks test was used for within group analysis, and Kruskal Wallis and Mann-Whitney u tests were used for between-group analyses. In PTG: in comparison to a baseline measurement, IS increased by 8.83% (p < 0.05), ST decreased by 20.14% (p < 0.05), and SLTH increased by 7.78% (p < 0.05). In STG: IS increased by 15.76% (p < 0.05), ST decreased by 30.26% (p < 0.05), and SLTH increased by 12.41% (p < 0.05). In CG: IS increased by 5.72% (p < 0.05), ST decreased by 15.54% (p < 0.05), and SLTH increased by 4.41% (p < 0.05). The greatest improvements were observed in STG, followed by PTG and CG. Strength training was found to be more effective than PT in improving muscle strength, sprint, and lower limb functional performance in male soccer players.

Influence of Joint Flexibility, Hand Grip Strength and Pain on Oral Hygiene in Musculoskeletal Disorders-A Non-Interventional Clinical Study

Journal of Clinical Medicine, 2023

This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative... more

The Combined Effect of the Trapezius Muscle Strengthening and Pectoralis Minor Muscle Stretching on Correcting the Rounded Shoulder Posture and Shoulder Flexion Range of Motion among Young Saudi Females: A Randomized Comparative Study

Healthcare, 2023

This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative... more

Efficacy of Electromyographic-Biofeedback Supplementation Training with Patellar Taping on Quadriceps Strengthening in Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome among Young Adult Male Athletes

MDPI, 2021

This study compares the effects of electromyographic-biofeedback (EMG-BF)-guided isometric quadri... more This study compares the effects of electromyographic-biofeedback (EMG-BF)-guided isometric quadriceps strengthening with patellar taping and isometric exercise alone in patellofemoral pain syndrome (PFPS) among young adult male athletes. Sixty young adult male athletes with PFPS participated in the study. Participants were randomly divided into two groups: (1) EMG-BF-guided isometric exercise training with patellar taping (experimental group, n = 30), and (2) sham EMG-BF training with an isometric exercise program (control group, n = 30). Participants conducted their respective exercise programs for five days per week across four weeks. Study outcomes were pain (measured by the visual analog scale), functional disability (measured by the Kujala Anterior Knee Pain scale), and quadriceps strength (measured by an ISOMOVE dynamometer). Measurements were taken at baseline, Week 2, Week 4, and during a follow-up at Week 6. The experimental group demonstrated significantly lower VAS score ...

Effect of Resisted Sprint and Plyometric Training on Lower Limb Functional Performance in Collegiate Male Football Players: A Randomised Control Trial

MDPI

The main objectives of this study were to evaluate the short-term effects of resisted sprint and ... more The main objectives of this study were to evaluate the short-term effects of resisted sprint and plyometric training on sprint performance together with lower limb physiological and functional performance in collegiate football players. Ninety collegiate football players participated in this three-arm, parallel group randomized controlled trial study. Participants were randomly divided into a control group and two experimental groups: resisted sprint training (RST) (n = 30), plyometric training (PT) (n = 30), and a control group (n = 30). Participants received their respective training program for six weeks on alternate days. The primary outcome measures were a knee extensor strength test (measured by an ISOMOVE dynamometer), a sprint test and a single leg triple hop test. Measurements were taken at baseline and after 6 weeks post-training. Participants, caregivers, and those assigning the outcomes were blinded to the group assignment. A mixed design analysis of variance was used to...

Efficacy of Patellar Taping and Electromyographic Biofeedback Training at Various Knee Angles on Quadriceps Strength and Functional Performance in Young Adult Male Athletes with Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Pain Research and Management, 2022

Background. The severity of the articular lesion is the single most essential element in investig... more Background. The severity of the articular lesion is the single most essential element in investigating the extent of flexion that is required for activities. However, a prior study found no differences in muscle strength gains of quadriceps muscles at different knee angles in people with patellofemoral pain syndrome (PFPS). Objective. The effects of patellar taping and electromyographic biofeedback (EMG-BF)-guided isometric quadriceps strengthening at different knee angles (e.g., 30°, 60°, and 90° of knee flexion) on quadriceps strength and functional performance in people with PFPS were compared in this single-blind randomized controlled parallel trial. Methods. Sixty adult male athletes with PFPS (age: 26.9 ± 1.4 years) were randomly divided into two groups. The experimental group (n = 30) received patellar taping and EMG-BF-guided isometric contraction exercise at 30°, 60°, and 90° angles, and the control group (n = 30) received sham patellar taping without EMG-BF-guided exercises for six weeks. Pain intensity, knee function, muscle strength, and the single-leg triple hop (SLTH) test were assessed. Results. The pain intensity and SLTH scores between the groups were significantly different at the end of the trial (). The EMG-BF and control groups had mean pain scores of 1.3 (0.8) and 4.5 (0.8), respectively. The EMG-BF and control groups had mean functional scores of 80.4 (5.1) and 69.1 (6.1), respectively. The mean SLTH score for the EMG-BF group was 540.7 (51.2) and for the control group it was 509.4 (49.8) after the trial. Quadriceps muscle strength was significantly higher in those who performed quadriceps strength training at 60° of knee flexion after six weeks than in those who performed strength training at 30° or 90° of knee flexion. Conclusion. The findings indicated that individuals who trained their quadriceps at a 60° knee angle had significantly stronger quadriceps muscles than individuals who trained at 30° or 90° of knee flexion. Trial Registration. This trial is registered at Clinical Trials.gov under the identifier NCT05055284.

Efficacy of Scapular Functional and Cervical Isometric Exercises in the Management of Chronic Mechanical Neck Pain: A Randomized Comparative Trial

Pain Research and Management, 2024

The global rise in work-related musculoskeletal ailments has led to neck discomfort, scapular mus... more The global rise in work-related musculoskeletal ailments has led to neck discomfort, scapular muscle dysfunction, reduced neck mobility, and functional limitations. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of scapular functional exercises (SFE) and cervical isometric exercises (CIE) on pain, cervical range of motion (CROM), and functional limitations in individuals with chronic mechanical neck pain (CMNP).

Beyond the needle: How nonsurgical management transforms foot and ankle ability in male footballers with posterior ankle impingement- a longitudinal study

Elsevier, 2024

Posterior ankle Impingement (PAI) is a condition commonly affecting athletes and individuals enga... more Posterior ankle Impingement (PAI) is a condition commonly affecting athletes and individuals engaged in activities involving repetitive ankle plantar flexion. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of nonsurgical management, excluding corticosteroid injections, on the functional outcomes of football players diagnosed with PAI

Relationship between Kinesthesia and Motor Performance in Young Adults with Generalized Joint Hypermobility: A Systematic Review

Journal of Pharmacy And Bioallied Sciences, 2024

This study was conducted to investigate the relationship between kinesthesia and motor performanc... more This study was conducted to investigate the relationship between kinesthesia and motor performance in young adults with generalized joint hypermobility (GJH). A systematic review was conducted in accordance with the PRISMA guidelines. PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, PsycINFO, CINAHL, Scopus, and Google Scholar were scoured to select relevant papers. Ten papers were selected for the review. The study found no significant impact of GJH on the kinesthetic domains. Several studies suggested varying impacts of GJH on motor performance, with some indicating potential benefits and others indicating possible detriments. Interestingly, the impact of GJH on motor performance was found to be influenced by other factors such as fitness, body mass index, and the use of specific assessment tools. The results suggest that GJH does not significantly impact motor performance in young adults. However, the relationship between GJH and motor performance appears to be complex and may be influenced by several other factors.

Effect of Tui-Na versus positional release techniques on pregnancy-related low back pain in the third-trimester: A randomized comparative trial

Medicine, 2024

Researchers are prioritizing the development of an effective treatment approach for third-trimest... more Researchers are prioritizing the development of an effective treatment approach for third-trimester pregnancy-related low back pain (LBP), a prevalent and costly disorder. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the effects of Tui-Na (TN) versus positional release techniques (PRT) on third-trimester pregnancy-related LBP.

Influence of Pain, Risk Factors, and Functional Ability on Physical Activity Levels in Women with Anterior Knee Pain: A Cross-Sectional Study

Medicina, 2024

This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative... more

Enhancing physical attributes and performance in badminton players: efficacy of backward walking training on treadmill

by Dr. Shahnaz Hasan and Amir Iqbal

Springer, 2024

Background Badminton, a dynamic sport, demands players to display exceptional physical attributes... more Background Badminton, a dynamic sport, demands players to display exceptional physical attributes such as agility, core stability, and reaction time. Backward walking training on a treadmill has garnered attention for its potential to enhance physical attributes and optimize performance in athletes while minimizing the risk of injuries. Objective By investigating the efficacy of this novel approach, we aim to provide valuable insights to optimize training regimens and contribute to the advancement of sports science in badminton. Methodology Sixty-four participants were randomized into a control group (n = 32) and an experimental group (n = 32). The control group received routine exercise training, while the experimental group received routine exercise training along with additional backward walking training on the treadmill. Pre-and post-intervention measurements were taken for core stability using the Plank test, balance using the Star Excursion Balance test, reaction time using the 6-point footwork test, and agility using the Illinois Agility test. Results The results showed that the experimental group demonstrated significant improvements in core stability (p < 0.001), balance (p < 0.001), reaction time (p < 0.05), and agility (p < 0.001) compared to the control group. The backward walking training proved to be effective in enhancing these physical attributes in badminton players. Conclusion Incorporating backward walking exercises into the training regimen of badminton players may contribute to their overall performance.

The Combined Effect of the Trapezius Muscle Strengthening and Pectoralis Minor Muscle Stretching on Correcting the Rounded Shoulder Posture and Shoulder Flexion Range of Motion among Young Saudi Females: A Randomized Comparative Study

Healthcare, Feb 8, 2023

Efficacy of Patellar Taping and Electromyographic Biofeedback Training at Various Knee Angles on Quadriceps Strength and Functional Performance in Young Adult Male Athletes with Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Pain Research and Management, 2022

Background. The severity of the articular lesion is the single most essential element in investig... more Background. The severity of the articular lesion is the single most essential element in investigating the extent of flexion that is required for activities. However, a prior study found no differences in muscle strength gains of quadriceps muscles at different knee angles in people with patellofemoral pain syndrome (PFPS). Objective. The effects of patellar taping and electromyographic biofeedback (EMG-BF)-guided isometric quadriceps strengthening at different knee angles (e.g., 30°, 60°, and 90° of knee flexion) on quadriceps strength and functional performance in people with PFPS were compared in this single-blind randomized controlled parallel trial. Methods. Sixty adult male athletes with PFPS (age: 26.9 ± 1.4 years) were randomly divided into two groups. The experimental group (n = 30) received patellar taping and EMG-BF-guided isometric contraction exercise at 30°, 60°, and 90° angles, and the control group (n = 30) received sham patellar taping without EMG-BF-guided exercise...

Effect of plyometric training and neuromuscular electrical stimulation assisted strength training on muscular, sprint, and functional performances in collegiate male football players

PeerJ

Background The study’s objective was to analyze the influence of an 8-week neuromuscular electric... more Background The study’s objective was to analyze the influence of an 8-week neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) with a plyometric (PT) and strength training (ST) program on muscular, sprint, and functional performances in collegiate male football players. Methods Sixty collegiate male football players participated in this randomized controlled trial single-blind study. All the participants were randomly divided into two groups: (1) NMES group (Experimental, n = 30) who received NMES assisted ST and (2) sham NMES group (Control, n = 30) who received sham NMES assisted ST. In addition, participants from both groups received a PT program; both groups received intervention on three days a week for 8-weeks. The study’s outcomes, such as muscular, sprint, and functional performances, were assessed using a strength test (STN) for quadriceps muscle, sprint test (ST), and single-leg triple hop test (SLTHT), respectively, at baseline pre-intervention and 8-week post-intervention. The i...

Assessing muscle energy technique and foam roller self-myofascial release for low back pain management in two-wheeler riders

by Dr. Shahnaz Hasan and Amir Iqbal

Scientific Reports, 2024

Pain in the lower back is a major concern in today's era due to prolonged sitting in two-wheeler ... more Pain in the lower back is a major concern in today's era due to prolonged sitting in two-wheeler riders, mainly due to hamstring tightness. It also creates physical disability and impairment in activities of daily living. The study aimed to compare the efficacy of muscle energy technique (MET) and selfmyofascial release (SMFR) using the foam roller on hamstring flexibility, dynamic balance, and physical disability amongst two-wheeler riders with chronic low back pain (LBP). Participants were randomized into two intervention groups, MET and SMFR using the envelope method, with each group having 20 participants. Hamstring flexibility and range of motion for knee extension and the lower back were assessed using the active knee extension test (AKE-L and AKE-R) and sit and reach test (SRT), while the dynamic balance was assessed by the star excursion balance test (SEBT) and physical disability by Roland-Morris Disability Questionnaire, (RMDQ). Measurements were taken at baseline and after 4 weeks of intervention. This study demonstrated that both SMFR using a foam roller and MET are effective in enhancing hamstring muscle flexibility, (SRT-F(1, 38) = 299.5, p < 0.001; AKE-R-F(1, 38) = 99.53, p < 0.001; AKE-L-F(1, 38) = 89.67, p < 0.001). Additionally, these techniques significantly improved dynamic balance in various directions, including anterior (ANT), anteromedial (AMED), medial (MED), posteromedial (PMED), posterior (POST), posterolateral (PLAT), lateral (LAT), and anterolateral (ALAT) directions (p < 0.01). Furthermore, there was a significant reduction in physical disability (RMDQ-F(1, 38) = 1307, p < 0.001), among two-wheeler riders suffering from chronic LBP. Compared to MET, SMFR using foam rollers was found to be more effective in enhancing hamstring flexibility, improving balance, and decreasing disability level on the RMDQ after 4 weeks.

Functional Outcomes of Accelerated Rehabilitation Protocol For Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction In Amateur Athletes: A Randomized Clinical Trial

Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine, 2024

Background: Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) rupture is the most common knee injury among athlete... more Background: Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) rupture is the most common knee injury among athletes, and can result in long-term complications and career-ending conditions for sportspeople. There is no consensus in the literature on the effectiveness of rehabilitation after ACL reconstruction, or the best protocol to follow for functional outcome improvement. Objective: To determine the impact of an accelerated rehabilitation protocol on knee functional outcomes in amateur athletes with anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR). Design: Two-arm, parallel-group randomized comparative design. Patients: A total of 100 amateur male athletes (mean age 22.01 ± 1.79 years) with ACLR were randomly divided into experimental and control groups (n = 50/ group). Methods: An accelerated rehabilitation protocol and a conventional rehabilitation protocol were used for the experimental group. In contrast, only the conventional rehabilitation protocol was used for the control group. The rehabilitation was delivered in 5 weekly sessions for 22 weeks. The primary outcome measure, knee pain, was measured using a visual analogue scale (VAS). Extensive test batteries, for hop tests, Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS), and knee effusion, were measured, aiming to add more objective criteria to determine functional performance. Results: Both groups (n = 50/group) were wellmatched (p = 0.816), with insignificant differences in their demographic characteristics (p > 0.05). A multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) test showed no significant difference between the 2 groups (p = 0.781) at baseline. A 2-way MANOVA (2 × 2 MANOVA) of within-and between-group variations indicated overall significant treatment, time, and treatment × time interaction effects (p < 0.001) in favour of the accelerated rehabilitation group. Conclusion: The accelerated rehabilitation protocol was more effective in improving functional outcomes than a conventional rehabilitation protocol in amateur athletes with ACLR.

Effect of blood flow restriction as a stand-alone treatment on muscle strength, dynamic balance, and physical function in female patients with chronic ankle instability

Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2023

Background: Blood Flow Restriction (BFR) training has gained popularity as a novel training stra... more Background:
Blood Flow Restriction (BFR) training has gained popularity as a novel training strategy in athletes and rehabilitation settings in recent years.

Objective:
To investigate whether BFR as a stand-alone treatment would affect muscle strength, dynamic balance, and physical function in female patients with chronic ankle instability (CAI).

Methods:
Thirty-nine patients with CAI were randomly allocated into 1 of 3 groups: BFR as a stand-alone (BFR) group, BFR with rehabilitation (BFR+R) group, and rehabilitation (R) group. All groups trained 3 times per week for 4 weeks. One week before and after the intervention, strength of muscles around ankle joint, 3 dynamic balance indices: Overall Stability Index, Anterior-Posterior Stability Index, and Medial-Lateral Stability Index, and physical function were assessed via an isokinetic dynamometer, the Biodex Balance System, and the Foot and Ankle Disability Index, respectively.

Results:
The strength of muscles around ankle and dynamic balance indices improved significantly in BFR + R and R groups (P < .006), but not in BFR group (P > .006). All dynamic balance indices showed improvement in BFR + R and R groups except the Medial-Lateral Stability Index (P > .006). Foot and Ankle Disability Index increased significantly in BFR + R and R groups (P < .006), however; no improvement occurred in BFR group (P > .006).

Conclusions:
The BFR as a stand-alone treatment hasn’t the ability to improve the strength of muscles around the ankle, dynamic balance, and physical function in females with CAI compared to the BFR + R or the R program. In addition, the strength of muscles around the ankle correlated significantly with both dynamic balance and physical function in BFR + R and R groups.

Exploring the impact of integrated polyvagal exercises and knee reinforcement in females with grade II knee osteoarthritis: a randomized controlled trial

Scientific Reports, 2023

This study aimed to compare the effects of knee strengthening exercises to those of polyvagal the... more This study aimed to compare the effects of knee strengthening exercises to those of polyvagal theory-based exercises combined with knee strengthening exercises on selected outcomes in women with grade II knee osteoarthritis (OA). A randomized controlled trial was conducted, in which 60 female participants diagnosed with grade II knee OA, with a mean age of 57.27 ± 7.81 years and knee pain rated between 4 and 7 on the visual analog scale (VAS), were assigned to either the knee strengthening exercise group (Group 1, n = 30) or the polyvagal theory-based exercise plus knee strengthening exercise group (Group 2, n = 30). Pre-and posttreatment assessment of outcome variables, including WOMAC scores (joint pain, joint stiffness, functional limitations, and the overall index), WHOQOL scores (overall quality of life, general health, physical, psychological, social, and environmental domains), and heart rate variability (HRV, time and frequency domains), were analyzed. Group 2 demonstrated significantly greater reductions in joint pain, stiffness, and functional limitations than Group 1 after the intervention. Group 2 presented with significantly improved WOMAC scores, indicating better overall outcomes. Group 2 showed significant improvements in the psychological and social domains regarding quality of life. There were no significant differences in the physical domain or the environmental domain. Group 2 showed a significant increase in highfrequency power (HF) and a significant decrease in the LF/HF ratio, suggesting improved autonomic regulation. A combination of polyvagal exercise and knee strengthening training resulted in superior outcomes compared to knee strengthening exercises alone in women with grade II knee OA. These findings support the potential effectiveness of incorporating polyvagal exercises as an adjunctive intervention for osteoarthritis management. Osteoarthritis (OA) is one of the most prevalent degenerative conditions resulting in disability, particularly among the elderly population. OA is the most common articular disease in the developed world and a leading cause of chronic disability, primarily due to knee OA and hip OA 1. The prevalence of osteoarthritis (OA) is significantly higher in women than in men, and the disease significantly affects both physical and autonomic functions 2. Women are particularly susceptible to OA, accounting for approximately 60% of all OA patients 3. Age is a major risk factor, with the prevalence in women escalating from approximately 10% at ages 25-34 to over 50% at ages 75 and older 2. Exercise plays a pivotal role in sustaining overall well-being and enhancing quality of life, particularly among older women 4. The physical implications of OA in women include pain, stiffness, limited mobility, and a reduced capacity to perform daily activities, leading to compromised quality of life 5. Autonomic

The Efficacy of Manual Therapy and Pressure Biofeedback-Guided Deep Cervical Flexor Muscle Strength Training on Pain and Functional Limitations in Individuals with Cervicogenic Headaches: A Randomized Comparative Study

Hindawi, 2023

Objective. Tis study aimed to compare the efcacy of manual therapy and pressure biofeedback-guide... more Objective. Tis study aimed to compare the efcacy of manual therapy and pressure biofeedback-guided DCFM strength training on pain intensity and functional limitations in individuals with CGH. Trial Design. A double-blinded, two-arm parallel group randomized comparative design. Methods. After applying the eligibility criteria, sixty out of eighty-nine CGH patients were recruited from King Saud University Medical Center in Riyadh and randomly allocated to intervention groups using simple random sampling. Group 1 underwent pressure biofeedback-guided DCFM strength training and conventional treatment, while Group 2 received manual therapy and conventional treatment for three consecutive weeks. Te main outcome measures were scores on the visual analog scale (VAS) and the headache disability index (HDI). One assessor and two physical therapists were blinded to group allocation. Results. Sixty out of eighty participants aged 29-40 years were randomized into intervention groups (n � 30/group; age (mean ± standard deviation): group 1 � 35.0 ± 2.82; group 2 � 34.87 ± 2.60), and their data were analyzed. A signifcant improvement (95% CI, p < 0.05) was observed within each group when comparing the VAS and HDI scores between baseline and postintervention. In contrast, between-group comparisons for the outcome score of VAS and HDI revealed nonsignifcant diferences in the frst, second, and third weeks after intervention, except for the VAS score, which showed a signifcant diference in weeks 2 and 3 after intervention. Cohen's d-value indicated that the intervention efect size for reducing pain was larger in group 1 than in group 2 at weeks 2 and 3. Conclusion. Compared with manual therapy, pressure biofeedback-guided DCFM strength training showed a greater reduction in pain intensity (assessed using the VAS) at weeks two and three. However, both treatments were equally efective in lowering headache-related functional limitations in patients with CGH. Tis trial is registered with ClinicalTrial.gov PRS (Identifer ID: NCT05692232).

Effects of plyometric vs. strength training on strength, sprint, and functional performance in soccer players: a randomized controlled trial

Nature, 2023

Plyometric training (PT) has been shown to have numerous benefits and few harmful effects. This s... more Plyometric training (PT) has been shown to have numerous benefits and few harmful effects. This study aimed to compare the effects of PT vs. strength training on muscle strength, sprint, and lower limb functional performance in soccer players. Ninety participants (mean age 22.5 years) were equally and randomly divided into three groups: a plyometric training group (PTG; n = 30), a strength training group (STG; n = 30), and a control group (CG; n = 30). In PTG: bounding, hurdling, and drop jumping exercises were performed. In STG: isometric exercises of knee extension (at 60º knee flexion), quadriceps (in supine), hip adductors (in crook lying), and straight leg raise were performed. In CG: no specific training was given. All interventions were performed for eight weeks. Isometric strength (IS), sprint (ST), and single-leg triple hop (SLTH) tests were outcome measures. The wilcoxon signed ranks test was used for within group analysis, and Kruskal Wallis and Mann-Whitney u tests were used for between-group analyses. In PTG: in comparison to a baseline measurement, IS increased by 8.83% (p < 0.05), ST decreased by 20.14% (p < 0.05), and SLTH increased by 7.78% (p < 0.05). In STG: IS increased by 15.76% (p < 0.05), ST decreased by 30.26% (p < 0.05), and SLTH increased by 12.41% (p < 0.05). In CG: IS increased by 5.72% (p < 0.05), ST decreased by 15.54% (p < 0.05), and SLTH increased by 4.41% (p < 0.05). The greatest improvements were observed in STG, followed by PTG and CG. Strength training was found to be more effective than PT in improving muscle strength, sprint, and lower limb functional performance in male soccer players.

Influence of Joint Flexibility, Hand Grip Strength and Pain on Oral Hygiene in Musculoskeletal Disorders-A Non-Interventional Clinical Study

Journal of Clinical Medicine, 2023

This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative... more

The Combined Effect of the Trapezius Muscle Strengthening and Pectoralis Minor Muscle Stretching on Correcting the Rounded Shoulder Posture and Shoulder Flexion Range of Motion among Young Saudi Females: A Randomized Comparative Study

Healthcare, 2023

This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative... more

Efficacy of Electromyographic-Biofeedback Supplementation Training with Patellar Taping on Quadriceps Strengthening in Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome among Young Adult Male Athletes

MDPI, 2021

This study compares the effects of electromyographic-biofeedback (EMG-BF)-guided isometric quadri... more This study compares the effects of electromyographic-biofeedback (EMG-BF)-guided isometric quadriceps strengthening with patellar taping and isometric exercise alone in patellofemoral pain syndrome (PFPS) among young adult male athletes. Sixty young adult male athletes with PFPS participated in the study. Participants were randomly divided into two groups: (1) EMG-BF-guided isometric exercise training with patellar taping (experimental group, n = 30), and (2) sham EMG-BF training with an isometric exercise program (control group, n = 30). Participants conducted their respective exercise programs for five days per week across four weeks. Study outcomes were pain (measured by the visual analog scale), functional disability (measured by the Kujala Anterior Knee Pain scale), and quadriceps strength (measured by an ISOMOVE dynamometer). Measurements were taken at baseline, Week 2, Week 4, and during a follow-up at Week 6. The experimental group demonstrated significantly lower VAS score ...

Effect of Resisted Sprint and Plyometric Training on Lower Limb Functional Performance in Collegiate Male Football Players: A Randomised Control Trial

MDPI

The main objectives of this study were to evaluate the short-term effects of resisted sprint and ... more The main objectives of this study were to evaluate the short-term effects of resisted sprint and plyometric training on sprint performance together with lower limb physiological and functional performance in collegiate football players. Ninety collegiate football players participated in this three-arm, parallel group randomized controlled trial study. Participants were randomly divided into a control group and two experimental groups: resisted sprint training (RST) (n = 30), plyometric training (PT) (n = 30), and a control group (n = 30). Participants received their respective training program for six weeks on alternate days. The primary outcome measures were a knee extensor strength test (measured by an ISOMOVE dynamometer), a sprint test and a single leg triple hop test. Measurements were taken at baseline and after 6 weeks post-training. Participants, caregivers, and those assigning the outcomes were blinded to the group assignment. A mixed design analysis of variance was used to...

Efficacy of Patellar Taping and Electromyographic Biofeedback Training at Various Knee Angles on Quadriceps Strength and Functional Performance in Young Adult Male Athletes with Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Pain Research and Management, 2022

Background. The severity of the articular lesion is the single most essential element in investig... more Background. The severity of the articular lesion is the single most essential element in investigating the extent of flexion that is required for activities. However, a prior study found no differences in muscle strength gains of quadriceps muscles at different knee angles in people with patellofemoral pain syndrome (PFPS). Objective. The effects of patellar taping and electromyographic biofeedback (EMG-BF)-guided isometric quadriceps strengthening at different knee angles (e.g., 30°, 60°, and 90° of knee flexion) on quadriceps strength and functional performance in people with PFPS were compared in this single-blind randomized controlled parallel trial. Methods. Sixty adult male athletes with PFPS (age: 26.9 ± 1.4 years) were randomly divided into two groups. The experimental group (n = 30) received patellar taping and EMG-BF-guided isometric contraction exercise at 30°, 60°, and 90° angles, and the control group (n = 30) received sham patellar taping without EMG-BF-guided exercises for six weeks. Pain intensity, knee function, muscle strength, and the single-leg triple hop (SLTH) test were assessed. Results. The pain intensity and SLTH scores between the groups were significantly different at the end of the trial (). The EMG-BF and control groups had mean pain scores of 1.3 (0.8) and 4.5 (0.8), respectively. The EMG-BF and control groups had mean functional scores of 80.4 (5.1) and 69.1 (6.1), respectively. The mean SLTH score for the EMG-BF group was 540.7 (51.2) and for the control group it was 509.4 (49.8) after the trial. Quadriceps muscle strength was significantly higher in those who performed quadriceps strength training at 60° of knee flexion after six weeks than in those who performed strength training at 30° or 90° of knee flexion. Conclusion. The findings indicated that individuals who trained their quadriceps at a 60° knee angle had significantly stronger quadriceps muscles than individuals who trained at 30° or 90° of knee flexion. Trial Registration. This trial is registered at Clinical Trials.gov under the identifier NCT05055284.

Influence of Joint Flexibility, Hand Grip Strength and Pain on Oral Hygiene in Musculoskeletal Disorders—A Non-Interventional Clinical Study

Journal of Clinical Medicine

Diseases of the oral cavity and musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) are common occurrences. They are... more Diseases of the oral cavity and musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) are common occurrences. They are commonly linked with partial mobility, resulting in limited visits to dentists for routine oral care, causing poor periodontal condition, bleeding, gingival inflammation, and increased depth of periodontal pockets. The present study was conducted to measure joint movements, hand grip strength, and pain in joints and their association with oral health. Materials and methods: The study included 200 subjects, half suffering from back, neck, shoulder, elbow, and wrist problems, belonging to different age groups and professions; 100 had joint pain, and 100 were without joint pain. The study assessed individuals exposed to oral health issues by measuring the strength of hand grip, flexibility, and pain score of the back, neck, shoulder, elbow, and wrist. The strength of the hand grip and the angle of the elbow and shoulder were measured in addition to a questionnaire to assess the relationshi...

Role of Teachers in Post Covid-19 Period: Education, Technology, Socio-economic and Health Care Perspective.

Gyan Printers (Printers & Publishers), 2020

The Coronavirus (Covid-19) pandemic is an enormous challenge to the education system. It has radi... more The Coronavirus (Covid-19) pandemic is an enormous challenge to the education system. It has radically disrupted every aspect of human lives and working environments globally. The TheCovid-19 epidemic has forced many educational institutions, campuses, around the world to close and teaching-learning has to move from physical to online. Despite all these challenges, the Higher Education Institutions (H.E.I.s) have responded positively and directed to ensure the continuity of teaching-learning, research, and health service to the society with some tools and techniques during the pandemic. This article emphasizes many new modes of learning, current trends, adaptation in teaching, and some useful suggestions to carry out educational activities during and after this pandemic situation. In response to this global outbreak, here summarize the socioeconomic and health care effects due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Finally, these viewpoint suggests flexible ways to the restoration of the student learning trajectories, health, and prevention of psychosocial impact of COVID-19.

Keywords: Post Covid-19, higher education, impact, adaptation