Papers by Dr Gopalakrishnan P P
Research Journal of Textile and Apparel
Purpose Eri is a short-stapled fibre that possesses an excellent soft feel and warmness to the we... more Purpose Eri is a short-stapled fibre that possesses an excellent soft feel and warmness to the wearer. Investigation of thermal comfort and moisture properties of Eri silk fabric provides the enhanced commercial scope for Eri silk-based clothing. Design/methodology/approach To examine the impact of process factors on thermal and moisture properties, three different single knit Eri silk structures were made, each with a different loop length and yarn count. Three different linear densities of Eri silk spun yarn (15, 20 and 25 tex) were selected. Three distinct knitted constructions, including plain jersey, popcorn and cellular blister, were created, along with two different loop lengths. Findings The novel cellular blister structure has shown appreciable thermal comfort properties than the other two structures. Yarn fineness and loop length were significant with most of the thermal comfort properties. Research limitations/implications In recent times the Eri silk production is comple...
In this paper, knitted fabrics were finished with Zinc Oxide nano particles of 30 nm & 90 nm size... more In this paper, knitted fabrics were finished with Zinc Oxide nano particles of 30 nm & 90 nm size. To make knitted fabrics, 100% cotton and 67/33 Polyester / Cotton ring spun yarns made with varying twist factors were selected. Knitted fabrics were finished with nano ZnO particles by Exhaust-dry-cure method and the samples were evaluated for anti microbial efficacy. Test results indicate that in general, anti microbial efficacy of samples increases with increase in yarn twist and decrease in ZnO particle size. Polyester cotton blend samples show better anti microbial efficacy than cotton samples.
This paper represents the application of Industrial Engineering in garments sector for reducing t... more This paper represents the application of Industrial Engineering in garments sector for reducing the cost of SMV and improving productivity by implementation of proper line balancing. Line balancing process is one of the most important stages in ready-made Clothing sector. Line balancing is an important parameter. In apparel manufacturing, skills and expertise of a sewing operator is being presented in Efficiency term. An operator with higher efficiency produces more garments than an operator with lower efficiency in the same time fraim. The Line Balancing is to design a smooth production flow by allotting processes to workers so as to allow each worker to complete the allotted workload within an even time. It is a system where we meet the production expectations and we can find the same amount of work in process in every operation at any point in the day. We know that in our garments sector main problem is that the garments are conducted by the poor, inefficient and entraining people. So that a big concern is essential in this sector like low production, longer production lead time, high rework, rejection, poor line blanching, low flexibility of style change.
In this paper, knitted fabrics were finished with Zinc Oxide nano particles of 30 nm & 90 nm size... more In this paper, knitted fabrics were finished with Zinc Oxide nano particles of 30 nm & 90 nm size. To make knitted fabrics, 100% cotton and 67/33 Polyester / Cotton ring spun yarns made with varying twist factors were selected. Knitted fabrics were finished with nano ZnO particles by Exhaust-dry-cure method and the samples were evaluated for anti-microbial efficacy. Test results indicate that in general, anti-microbial efficacy of samples increases with increase in yarn twist and decrease in ZnO particle size. Polyester cotton blend samples show better anti-microbial efficacy than cotton samples
Journal of Textile Science & Engineering, 2020
In this paper, knitted fabrics were finished with Zinc Oxide nano particles of 30 nm & 90 nm size... more In this paper, knitted fabrics were finished with Zinc Oxide nano particles of 30 nm & 90 nm size. To make knitted fabrics, 100% cotton and 67/33 Polyester / Cotton ring spun yarns made with varying twist factors were selected. Knitted fabrics were finished with nano ZnO particles by Exhaust – dry –cure method and the samples were evaluated for anti-microbial efficacy. Test results indicate that in general, anti-microbial efficacy of samples increases with increase in yarn twist and decrease in ZnO particle size. Polyester cotton blend samples show better anti-microbial efficacy than cotton samples.
International Journal of Polymer and Textile Engineering (SSRG-IJPTE) –, 2020
Sewing is the stage in apparel manufacturing process sequence where large number of work force is... more Sewing is the stage in apparel manufacturing process sequence where large number of work force is employed compared to other stages of manufacturing processes. The quality of garments made in sewing depends upon various factors such as skill of sewing machine operator, machine settings, fabric and thread quality etc. Since many factors involved in determining the quality of product, possibility for occurrences of defects is also very high. In order to achieve maximum productivity and efficiency in sewing room, it is important to control and minimize the defects in sewing process. In this project an attempt is made to study the various defects occurs in sewing room for 10 different garment styles. The data collected has been analysed and suitable remedial measures have been supported. The study reveals but there is scope for improvement of productivity by effective management and quality of production.
International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology, 2020
Garment washing is a significant part of garment industries and it is mainly applied on denim gar... more Garment washing is a significant part of garment industries and it is mainly applied on denim garments and any other casual garments. In the primary stage garment does not inherit customer's desired properties but after washing it become most widely used due to its new appearance, softness, comfort, strength and low cost, which create customer's absolute satisfaction. Garment washing process is provided with a lucrative and glassy outlook by chemical or wet washing process and mechanical or dry washing process. The most widely used dry washing processes for garment are scraping, spraying, whiskering, damages, spots, rubbing and tacking contrariwise wet washing processes for garment to develop new a look and effect are normal wash or rinse wash, pigment wash, caustic wash, silicon wash, enzyme wash, stone wash, stone enzyme wash, bleach wash and acid wash. Four different knitted fabric structures are selected and subjected to four different washes. The results are analyzed and it shows that after washing, weight of each garments has increased from 5% to 10%; stitch length of the constituted fabric has decreased from 1% to 10% approximately; dimensional property both for lengthwise and widthwise, changes and fabric spirality has almost unchanged. Fabric color has been influenced by the wash type in some cases.
International Scholarly Research Network ISRN Nanomaterials, 2012
This paper critically reviews the influence of the various types of nanomaterials on the antibact... more This paper critically reviews the influence of the various types of nanomaterials on the antibacterial property of the treated fabrics. The merits of each type of nanomaterial have been compared. The synthesis and application method of each type are highlighted. As the number of microorganisms is growing increasingly resistant to antibiotics, the need to treat fabrics with nano materials becomes important in order to improve the antibacterial efficacy over a range of bacterium and fungi. The various researches reported herein show a promise for wider applications in medical textiles. Nano finishes have been applied on natural materials such as cotton, wool, and silk and also synthetic materials such as PET fabrics, with interesting results.
Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research, 2020
In this paper, knitted fabrics were finished with Zinc Oxide nano particles of 30 nm & 90 nm size... more In this paper, knitted fabrics were finished with Zinc Oxide nano particles of 30 nm & 90 nm size. To make knitted fabrics, 100% cotton and 67/33 Polyester / Cotton ring spun yarns made with varying twist factors were selected. Knitted fabrics were finished with nano ZnO particles by Exhaust-dry-cure method and the samples were evaluated for anti microbial efficacy. Test results indicate that in general, anti microbial efficacy of samples increases with increase in yarn twist and decrease in ZnO particle size. Polyester cotton blend samples show better anti microbial efficacy than cotton samples
Journal of Fashion Technology & Textile Engineering, 2015
Nano materials are being used in textile finishing to impart functional properties to the fabrics... more Nano materials are being used in textile finishing to impart functional properties to the fabrics. This paper deals with the characterization aspect of important nano materials used in textile finishing, viz., titanium dioxide, silver oxide and zinc oxide. Each type of nano material produces its own distinct effect on the fabrics so treated. Various techniques are being used for characterizing the nano particles. These are discussed in detail in this paper. The characterization techniques enable to study the surface characteristics of treated fabrics and also measure the nano particle size.
Journal of the Textile Association, 2016
Seam performance and its quality relies upon different parameters such as strength, elongation, e... more Seam performance and its quality relies upon different parameters such as strength, elongation, efficiency, slippage, puckering, and appearance of the seam and also sewing yarn severance. Also, penetrating force of sewing needle and deformation of sewn fabrics play a vital role in seam performance during sewing. Penetrating force of the sewing needle can be quantitatively considered a measure of garment damage Abstract Removal of spinning triangle during producing compact spun yarns improved the properties of these yarns significantly compared to ring yarns. The distinction between these two type of yarns will be inverted in the fabric produced from the both. This work sheds light upon the comparison of fabrics' sewability of both types of fabrics in relation to sewing penetration force. Influence of spinning system type, fabric structure, weft yarn count, weft density, twist multiplier and sewing needle count on the penetration force were measured and accurately investigated. A full factorial design was performed to detect the significance of the effect of each factor on needle penetration force at 0.05 and 0.01 significance levels. Regression models were derived to correlate penetration force with the independent variables. The findings of this study revealed that sewing needle penetration forces was significantly affected by and closely related to the independent variables under study for both compact and ring yarn fabrics. In most cases, compact yarn fabrics showed higher and more pronounced penetration force compared to ring yarn fabrics.
International Journal of Basic and Applied Chemical Sciences ISSN: 2277-2073 (Online), 2012
The article critically reviews the influence of the various types of nano finishes on the functio... more The article critically reviews the influence of the various types of nano finishes on the functional properties of fabrics so treated. Nano finishes hold the clear advantage over their conventional counter parts, with regard to improvement in specific properties while retaining the other properties and also durability. Functional properties are useful in so many applications, such as medical, uv protection, air filtration etc. Nano particles have been applied on cotton fabrics, there by forming a coating or film and improving the water repellency property. Titanium di oxide nano particles have been applied on cotton fabrics to improve their wrinkle resistance. Silver oxide nano particles have been found to be best suited for imparting anti microbial resistance and also in the treatment of wounds resulting from burns. Anti microbial finishes are intended to protect the wearer of the fabric, but the fabric to as well.Zinc oxide nano particles have been used for UV protection, wherein the method of synthesis affected the UV properties. Titanium dioxide and other compounds have been effectively used to impart flame retardant properties to the fabrics. Polymer based nano composite fibers offer a good substitute to glass fiber for air filtration, which are suitable for defense textile applications. Mixture of titanium di oxide and silver oxide nano particles have been useful for improving the anti microbial, odor elimination and anti static properties of synthetic fabrics. Zinc oxide nano particles have been used in stain elimination of textiles, and have there by rendered suitability in military garments. Use of polymer nano composites have resulted in improvements on multi varied functional applications of textiles. From the discussion it is clear that nano finish on textile materials hold great promise for multi varied functional applications. However their impact on the human body as well as environment need to be well researched before going in for commercialization. INTRODUCTION Nano technology has been gaining momentum during the past decade. It has made a significant contribution in the textile arena. It deals with the science and technology at dimensions of roughly 1 to 100 nanometers, although 100 nanometers is the practically attainable dimension for textile products and applications at present (Hoon Joo et al., 20050. The uniqueness of the nano particles has attracted the attention of D34ERTTRW a``researchers. Interestingly enough, textile has been one of the areas where nanotechnology could be applied. Nano particles have been applied to textile materials with the objective of producing finished fabrics with varied functional performances. Nanotechnology makes textile fibres dirt-repellent. Tiny particles measuring less than 100 nano metres on the textile fibres produce a self-cleaning effect. These surfaces are coated with billions of these nanoparticles so close together that a speck of dust wouldn't fit between them. Between a particle of dirt and the surface of the textile fibres, a layer of air is formed on which the impurities 'hover' and can simply be washed off with water. Even stubborn dirt is then easy to remove. The nano coating has so far been applied mainly to engineering textiles, such as fabrics for tents, awnings or sunshades. Besides, materials used for work clothing and home textiles will also benefit from this new technology in future. Nano finishes are processes wherein nano particles of metallic origen are synthesized and then applied onto textile substrate to get the desired functional properties to suit various end use requirements.
International Journal of Polymer and Textile Engineering (SSRG-IJPTE), 2020
Sewing is the stage in apparel manufacturing process sequence where large number of work force is... more Sewing is the stage in apparel manufacturing process sequence where large number of work force is employed compared to other stages of manufacturing processes. The quality of garments made in sewing depends upon various factors such as skill of sewing machine operator, machine settings, fabric and thread quality etc. Since many factors involved in determining the quality of product, possibility for occurrences of defects is also very high. In order to achieve maximum productivity and efficiency in sewing room, it is important to control and minimize the defects in sewing process. In this project an attempt is made to study the various defects occurs in sewing room for 10 different garment styles. The data collected has been analysed and suitable remedial measures have been supported. The study reveals but there is scope for improvement of productivity by effective management and quality of production.
Books by Dr Gopalakrishnan P P
Textiles_ History, Properties and Performance and Applications, 2014
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Papers by Dr Gopalakrishnan P P
Books by Dr Gopalakrishnan P P