Hulunbuir

Hulunbuir
Chinese name
Traditional Chinese	呼倫貝爾
Simplified Chinese	呼伦贝尔
Transcriptions
Staundart Mandarin
Hanyu Pinyin	Hūlúnbèi'ěr
Mongolian name
Mongolian Cyrillic

Hulunbuir
Hulunbuir; ; 呼伦贝尔
	Prefectur-level ceety
	呼伦贝尔市
	Hulunbuir (red) in Inner Mongolie (orange) an Cheenae
	Coordinates: 49°12′N 119°42′E / 49.200°N 119.700°E
Kintra	Cheenae
Region	Inner Mongolie
Prefectur seat	Hailar Destrict
Area
• Total	263953 km2 (101,913 sq mi)
Population (2004)
• Total	2,710,000
• Density	10/km2 (27/sq mi)
• Major naitionalities	Han - 81.85%; Mongols - 8.6%; Manchu - 4.13%
Time zone	UTC+8 (Cheenae Staundart)
Postal code	021000
Area code(s)	0470
Website	http://www.hulunbeier.gov.cn/

Hulunbuir (Mongolie: , Hölün buyir; Cheenese: 呼伦贝尔; pinyin: Hūlúnbèi'ěr) is a region that is govrened as a prefectur-level ceety in northeastren Inner Mongolie, in the Fowkrepublic o Cheenae. Its admeenistrative centre is locatit at Hailar Destrict, its lairgest urban aurie. Major scenic featurs are the heich steppes o the Hulun Buir grasslands, the Hulun an Buir lakes (the latter pairtially in Mongolie), an the Khingan range. Hulun Buir borders Roushie, Mongolie, Heilongjiang province an Hinggan League. Hulunbuir is a linguistically diverse aurie: next tae Mandarin Cheenese, Mongolie dialects sic as Khorchin an Buryat, the Mongolic leid Dagur an some Tungusic leids are spoken thare.

History

Tradeetionally, Hulunbuir wis a pairt o Manchurie, an the eastren pairt o the aurie wis kent as Barga. Frae 1912-1949, during the Republic o Cheenae period (ROC), Hulunbuir wis pairt o Xing'an an Heilongjiang province. Durin the Japanese occupation o Cheenae, Hulunbuir wis annexed intae the Japanese puppet state o Manchukuo, but the ROC did no recognise this development as legal. In the Cheenese Ceevil War, the Communist Pairty o Cheenae gained the support o Inner Mongol leaders lik Ulanhu bi promisin the irredentist expansion o Inner Mongolie intae auries that haed majorities o Han an Manchu fowk.^[1] Efter the 1949 Communist revolution in Cheenae, Hulunbuir wis annexed intae Inner Mongolie, but the region kept economic tees tae the rest o Manchurie via the Chinese Eastern Railway.^[2]

Durin the Cultural Revolution, the pairts o historic Manchurie inside Inner Mongolie wur briefly restored tae thair oreeginal provinces; Hulunbuir wis gien back tae Heilongjiang frae 1969 tae 1979.^[2] Till October 10, 2001, Hulunbuir wis admeenistered as a League. The aurie is 263,953 km² (101,913 sq mi) an population 2.710 million as o 2004, while the gross domestic product wis RMB 21.326 billion. The jurisdiction aurie o the ceety is actually lairger than mony Cheenese provinces (an 42 U.S. states), an Hulunbuir is recognizit as the lairgest ceety in the warld bi aurie, awtho the actual urban agglomeration is juist a vera sma pairt o the region, an the average population density o the aurie is vera law.

Names

The ceety wis ance a league (盟) o Inner Mongolie, till 10 October 2001. Durin the Qing Dynasty, it wis kent in Mandarin as "Hūlúnbùyǔ'ěr" (呼伦布雨尔/呼倫布雨爾).

Admeenistrative subdiveesions

Hulunbuir is dividit intae 13 different coonty-level jurisdictions: ane destrict, five coonty-level ceeties, fower banners an three autonomous banners.

Map

#	Name	Hanzi	Hanyu Pinyin	Population (2004 est.)	Aurie (km²)	Density (/km²)
1	Hailar Destrict	海拉尔区	Hǎilā'ěr Qū	260,000	1,440	181
2	Manzhouli Ceety	满洲里市	Mǎnzhōulǐ Shì	160,000	696	230
3	Zhalantun Ceety	扎兰屯市	Zhālántún Shì	440,000	16,800	26
4	Yakeshi Ceety	牙克石市	Yákèshí Shì	400,000	27,590	14
5	Genhe Ceety	根河市	Gēnhé Shì	170,000	19,659	9
6	Ergun Ceety	额尔古纳市	É'ěrgǔnà Shì	90,000	28,000	3
7	Arun Banner	阿荣旗	Āróng Qí	320,000	12,063	27
8	New Barag Richt Banner	新巴尔虎右旗	Xīnbā'ěrhǔ Yòu Qí	30,000	25,102	1
9	New Barag Left Banner	新巴尔虎左旗	Xīnbā'ěrhǔ Zuǒ Qí	40,000	22,000	2
10	Auld Barag Banner	陈巴尔虎旗	Chénbā'ěrhǔ Qí	60,000	21,192	3
11	Oroqin Autonomous Banner	鄂伦春自治旗	Èlúnchūn Zìzhìqí	280,000	59,800	5
12	Evenk Autonomous Banner	鄂温克族自治旗	Èwēnkèzú Zìzhìqí	140,000	19,111	7
13	Morin Dawa Daur Autonomous Banner	莫力达瓦达斡尔族自治旗	Mòlìdáwǎ Dáwò'ěrzú Zìzhìqí	320,000	10,500	30

Demographics (as o 2000)

ethnic group	population	share
Han	2,199,645	81.85%
Mongols	231,276	8.6%
Manchu	111,053	4.13%
Daur	70,287	2.62%
Hui	30,950	1.15%
Evenks	25,418	0.95%
Koreans	8,355	0.31%
Roushies	4,741	0.18%
Oroqen	3,144	0.12%
Xibe	956	0.04%
Ither	1,403	0.05%

References

↑ Bulag, Uradyn (2005). "Inner Mongolia". In Rossabi, Morris (ed.). Governing China's Multiethnic Frontiers. University of Washington Press. pp. 90–91.
↑ ^a ^b Shabad, Theodore (1972). China's Changing Map: National and Regional Development, 1949-71. Taylor & Francis. p. 237-239.

Further readin

Jinri Nei Menggu: Hulun Bei'er 今日内蒙古: 呼伦贝尔 (Inner Mongolia the day: Hulun Buir). 内蒙古人民出版社 (Inner Mongolia People's Publishing House), 呼和浩特 Hohhot 1997, ISBN 7204035453, 9+129 pages

Freemit airtins

Hulunbuir govrenment wabsteid Archived 2005-04-15 at the Wayback Machine (in Cheenese)
Inner Mongolie postcodes Archived 2008-10-11 at the Wayback Machine (in Inglis)

[1] Bulag, Uradyn (2005). "Inner Mongolia". In Rossabi, Morris (ed.). Governing China's Multiethnic Frontiers. University of Washington Press. pp. 90–91.

[Shabad-2] Shabad, Theodore (1972). China's Changing Map: National and Regional Development, 1949-71. Taylor & Francis. p. 237-239.

[1]

[2]

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