Th e aim of this paper is to present the results of an automated research conducted on the most popular Polish Internet news portals in the week of the 2009 European Parliament election as well as during four weeks prior to this event. Detailed analysis of the exposure levels of main political parties is included and compared with the election results. Th is paper describes the quantitative analysis of the data gathered. Th e main similarities and diff erences in covering the election between portals are also discussed. Moreover, this article aims at introducing basic concepts of research tools, which allow to automate the procedure of gathering data from the Internet and processing it.

and Italy. Three years later in 1960 the Society's journal was founded as a 'bond between the Society and its membership' and 'an important medium for the dissemination of research findings in rural sociology' (Hofstee 1960: 6). According to E.W. Hofstee-the first President of ESRS-there was a slight interest in rural subjects in prewar Europe and most papers at that time were to be, in his opinion, general rather than specific, descriptive rather than analytical and with little or no use to the theory or research methods developed in social sciences (Hofstee 1960: 3). In the postwar period rural sociology developed and grew in importance throughout Western Europe and 'even in some European countries behind the Iron Curtain, such as Poland, Yugoslavia and Czechoslovakia' (Hofstee 1963: 334) but still it 'was far behind [rural sociological research] the United States of America (Hofstee 1960: 4). This opinion was shared by other founders of ESRS, for example by Henri Mendras who (in the same first volume of Sociologia Ruralis: 15-34) stressed that rural sociology has no institutional grounds and is taught as a separate part of the course in general sociology at only one European university (the University of Stockholm). ESRS and Sociologia Ruralis as its journal were to stimulate and promote the development of rural sociology, foster comparative studies in rural sociology, encourage international exchange of rural sociologists, bring rural sociology to the attention of national governments, scientific and international 17' 2011

e authors discuss the main characteristics of women as farm operators using national sample studies conducted in 1994, 1999 and 2007. A er an analysis of literature and various research results some hypotheses were formulated, i.e.: the better education of rural women than rural men, women as "unnatural" or "forced" farm operators due to various household circumstances, the "weaker" economic status of farms operated by women. Basic results of the studies carried out in 1994, 1999 and 2007 con rm the hypothesis about the weaker economic position of female operated farms. Moreover, women farm operators were slightly older and far better educated than their male counterparts. On the contrary, the males were more active o the farms in the public sphere. In addition, the circumstances of becoming farm operators did not di er signi cantly between males and females. Finally, there were no signi cant di erences between "male" and "female" styles of farming.

e authors discuss the main characteristics of women as farm operators using national sample studies conducted in 1994, 1999 and 2007. A er an analysis of literature and various research results some hypotheses were formulated, i.e.: the better education of rural women than rural men, women as "unnatural" or "forced" farm operators due to various household circumstances, the "weaker" economic status of farms operated by women. Basic results of the studies carried out in 1994, 1999 and 2007 con rm the hypothesis about the weaker economic position of female operated farms. Moreover, women farm operators were slightly older and far better educated than their male counterparts. On the contrary, the males were more active o the farms in the public sphere. In addition, the circumstances of becoming farm operators did not di er signi cantly between males and females. Finally, there were no signi cant di erences between "male" and "female" styles of farming.

The subject of the article is whether facing the crisis (crises) and the accompanying individual experience of anxiety may lead to further withdrawal of young people from the public sphere (deepening indifferentism and civic helplessness), or, on the contrary, it may serve as a kind of trigger for the dormant civic potential of young people (about as long as they have appropriate civic competences) or the emergence of new citizen-state, citizen-social problems relations. The second question we pose here is whether Poles brought up and socialized in different political contexts (young adults-approx. 35 years old-and their parents aged approx. 60) can launch different strategies in the face of these new challenges. We seek answers to these questions based on empirical material from a longitudinal study in Toruń covering two generations (people born in 1958 and 1983-the older generation has been surveyed several times since 1973).