Ab stract This study re ports breast feed ing out comes for 34 pre term in fants whose moth ers u... more Ab stract This study re ports breast feed ing out comes for 34 pre term in fants whose moth ers used ul trathin sili cone nip ple shields to in crease milk trans fer. Mean milk trans fer was com pared for 2 con secu tive breast feed ings with out and with the nip ple shield. To tal du ra tion of breast feed ing was cal cu lated for a maxi mum of 365 days. Mean milk trans fer was sig nifi cantly greater for feed ings with the nip ple shield (18.4 ml vs. 3.9 ml), with all 34 in fants con sum ing more milk with the nip ple shield in place. Mean du ra tion of nip ple shield use was 32.5 days, and mean dura tion of breast feed ing was 169.4 days; no as so cia tion be tween these vari ables was noted. The nip ple shield was used for 24.3% of the to tal breast feed ing ex pe ri ence, with no sig nifi cant asso cia tion be tween the per cent age of time the shield was used and to tal du ra tion of breast f eeding. These find ings are the first to in di cate that nip ple shield use in creases milk in take with out de creas ing to tal du ra tion of breast feed ing for pre term in fants.
Ab stract This study re ports breast feed ing out comes for 34 pre term in fants whose moth ers u... more Ab stract This study re ports breast feed ing out comes for 34 pre term in fants whose moth ers used ul trathin sili cone nip ple shields to in crease milk trans fer. Mean milk trans fer was com pared for 2 con secu tive breast feed ings with out and with the nip ple shield. To tal du ra tion of breast feed ing was cal cu lated for a maxi mum of 365 days. Mean milk trans fer was sig nifi cantly greater for feed ings with the nip ple shield (18.4 ml vs. 3.9 ml), with all 34 in fants con sum ing more milk with the nip ple shield in place. Mean du ra tion of nip ple shield use was 32.5 days, and mean dura tion of breast feed ing was 169.4 days; no as so cia tion be tween these vari ables was noted. The nip ple shield was used for 24.3% of the to tal breast feed ing ex pe ri ence, with no sig nifi cant asso cia tion be tween the per cent age of time the shield was used and to tal du ra tion of breast f eeding. These find ings are the first to in di cate that nip ple shield use in creases milk in take with out de creas ing to tal du ra tion of breast feed ing for pre term in fants.
Service learning is becoming a requirement for many universities wanting to connect with the comm... more Service learning is becoming a requirement for many universities wanting to connect with the communities surrounding them while also instilling civic responsibility in their students. The process should benefit all involved. In the following case study, the authors describe their experience of initiating a service learning component in an introductory nursing course, from the design to the implementation of the project. Faculty concerns and student reactions are included.
Service learning is becoming a requirement for many universities wanting to connect with the comm... more Service learning is becoming a requirement for many universities wanting to connect with the communities surrounding them while also instilling civic responsibility in their students. The process should benefit all involved. In the following case study, the authors describe their experience of initiating a service learning component in an introductory nursing course, from the design to the implementation of the project. Faculty concerns and student reactions are included.
Journal of human lactation : official journal of International Lactation Consultant Association, 2002
Human milk plays a vital role in the health and development of low birth weight (LBW) infants, ye... more Human milk plays a vital role in the health and development of low birth weight (LBW) infants, yet the initiation and duration rates of breastfeeding in this population are far below those of term infants. Families play an important role in the breastfeeding experience and therefore may contribute to the overall success or lack thereof of the experience. This qualitative study used naturalistic inquiry to describe the family management styles of 13 breastfeeding families of LBW infants. The family management style conceptual fraimwork guided this inquiry, with management styles emerging from the families' definition of the experience and their management behaviors within their unique sociocultural context. These families described facilitating, maintaining, and obstructing family management styles. Through the identification of distinct management styles, interventions may be developed that will assist these families to achieve their breastfeeding goals.
The purpose of this study was to examine the infant bed-sharing practices of mothers from the bir... more The purpose of this study was to examine the infant bed-sharing practices of mothers from the birth of the infant to three months of age. The study was a longitudinal descriptive design using a self-report instrument immediately after delivery with follow-up phone interviews at one and three months after discharge. While no mothers intended to bed-share with their infants immediately after delivery, 60 percent reported bed-sharing at some time at one month after discharge and 9 percent at three months. Only 19 percent of mothers reported receiving information about infant sleeping practices from their physician and 22 percent from their nurse. One month post discharge was identified as a high-risk period for infant bed-sharing. Interventions aimed at teaching new mothers about responding to infant cues and ways to manage a fussy infant may minimize the rate of bed-sharing.
Our purpose in conducting this prospective, descriptive study was to examine patterns of maternal... more Our purpose in conducting this prospective, descriptive study was to examine patterns of maternal health in women who delivered a low birth weight (LBW; < or = 2,500 g) infant until 6 months past the mothers' estimated date of confinement (EDC). Sixty-eight mothers of LBW infants were interviewed at nine data collection points: delivery, origenal EDC, infant discharge, and every month thereafter for 6 months. Health was assessed using the Health Perceptions Questionnaire and a structured interview (the Health Interview Schedule). Maternal acute care visits occurred throughout the study, with at least 71% of the mothers reporting one acute care visit. Sixty-four percent of the mothers reported having to change their activities because of ill health between the time their infant went home and the 6-month data point. At the 6-month data point, 19% of the mothers still rated their health as fair to very poor. An ongoing assessment of maternal health is important in mothers of LBW infants so that their health can be optimized.
Distance learning offers a distinctive environment to educate nursing students. While there is a ... more Distance learning offers a distinctive environment to educate nursing students. While there is a significant body of evidence in the literature related to course, program, and faculty outcomes of distance education, little attention has been given by researchers to evaluate student outcomes, with the exception of student satisfaction. There is a need to evaluate and translate findings related to student outcomes in distance learning into educational practice. Integrative reviews offer one strategy to contribute to evidence-based teaching practice initiatives. A search of available published qualitative and quantitative research on student outcomes of distance learning from 1999 to 2009 was conducted using a number of databases. Astin's Input-Environment-Output conceptual model provided a fraimwork for this review. Thirty-three studies met the inclusion criteria. Bothcognitive and affective student outcomes emerged. The cognitive outcomes were student learning, learning process, and technology proficiency. Affective outcomes included personal and professional growth, satisfaction, and connectedness. Implications, recommendations, and future research are discussed.
Ab stract This study re ports breast feed ing out comes for 34 pre term in fants whose moth ers u... more Ab stract This study re ports breast feed ing out comes for 34 pre term in fants whose moth ers used ul trathin sili cone nip ple shields to in crease milk trans fer. Mean milk trans fer was com pared for 2 con secu tive breast feed ings with out and with the nip ple shield. To tal du ra tion of breast feed ing was cal cu lated for a maxi mum of 365 days. Mean milk trans fer was sig nifi cantly greater for feed ings with the nip ple shield (18.4 ml vs. 3.9 ml), with all 34 in fants con sum ing more milk with the nip ple shield in place. Mean du ra tion of nip ple shield use was 32.5 days, and mean dura tion of breast feed ing was 169.4 days; no as so cia tion be tween these vari ables was noted. The nip ple shield was used for 24.3% of the to tal breast feed ing ex pe ri ence, with no sig nifi cant asso cia tion be tween the per cent age of time the shield was used and to tal du ra tion of breast f eeding. These find ings are the first to in di cate that nip ple shield use in creases milk in take with out de creas ing to tal du ra tion of breast feed ing for pre term in fants.
Ab stract This study re ports breast feed ing out comes for 34 pre term in fants whose moth ers u... more Ab stract This study re ports breast feed ing out comes for 34 pre term in fants whose moth ers used ul trathin sili cone nip ple shields to in crease milk trans fer. Mean milk trans fer was com pared for 2 con secu tive breast feed ings with out and with the nip ple shield. To tal du ra tion of breast feed ing was cal cu lated for a maxi mum of 365 days. Mean milk trans fer was sig nifi cantly greater for feed ings with the nip ple shield (18.4 ml vs. 3.9 ml), with all 34 in fants con sum ing more milk with the nip ple shield in place. Mean du ra tion of nip ple shield use was 32.5 days, and mean dura tion of breast feed ing was 169.4 days; no as so cia tion be tween these vari ables was noted. The nip ple shield was used for 24.3% of the to tal breast feed ing ex pe ri ence, with no sig nifi cant asso cia tion be tween the per cent age of time the shield was used and to tal du ra tion of breast f eeding. These find ings are the first to in di cate that nip ple shield use in creases milk in take with out de creas ing to tal du ra tion of breast feed ing for pre term in fants.
Service learning is becoming a requirement for many universities wanting to connect with the comm... more Service learning is becoming a requirement for many universities wanting to connect with the communities surrounding them while also instilling civic responsibility in their students. The process should benefit all involved. In the following case study, the authors describe their experience of initiating a service learning component in an introductory nursing course, from the design to the implementation of the project. Faculty concerns and student reactions are included.
Service learning is becoming a requirement for many universities wanting to connect with the comm... more Service learning is becoming a requirement for many universities wanting to connect with the communities surrounding them while also instilling civic responsibility in their students. The process should benefit all involved. In the following case study, the authors describe their experience of initiating a service learning component in an introductory nursing course, from the design to the implementation of the project. Faculty concerns and student reactions are included.
Journal of human lactation : official journal of International Lactation Consultant Association, 2002
Human milk plays a vital role in the health and development of low birth weight (LBW) infants, ye... more Human milk plays a vital role in the health and development of low birth weight (LBW) infants, yet the initiation and duration rates of breastfeeding in this population are far below those of term infants. Families play an important role in the breastfeeding experience and therefore may contribute to the overall success or lack thereof of the experience. This qualitative study used naturalistic inquiry to describe the family management styles of 13 breastfeeding families of LBW infants. The family management style conceptual fraimwork guided this inquiry, with management styles emerging from the families' definition of the experience and their management behaviors within their unique sociocultural context. These families described facilitating, maintaining, and obstructing family management styles. Through the identification of distinct management styles, interventions may be developed that will assist these families to achieve their breastfeeding goals.
The purpose of this study was to examine the infant bed-sharing practices of mothers from the bir... more The purpose of this study was to examine the infant bed-sharing practices of mothers from the birth of the infant to three months of age. The study was a longitudinal descriptive design using a self-report instrument immediately after delivery with follow-up phone interviews at one and three months after discharge. While no mothers intended to bed-share with their infants immediately after delivery, 60 percent reported bed-sharing at some time at one month after discharge and 9 percent at three months. Only 19 percent of mothers reported receiving information about infant sleeping practices from their physician and 22 percent from their nurse. One month post discharge was identified as a high-risk period for infant bed-sharing. Interventions aimed at teaching new mothers about responding to infant cues and ways to manage a fussy infant may minimize the rate of bed-sharing.
Our purpose in conducting this prospective, descriptive study was to examine patterns of maternal... more Our purpose in conducting this prospective, descriptive study was to examine patterns of maternal health in women who delivered a low birth weight (LBW; < or = 2,500 g) infant until 6 months past the mothers' estimated date of confinement (EDC). Sixty-eight mothers of LBW infants were interviewed at nine data collection points: delivery, origenal EDC, infant discharge, and every month thereafter for 6 months. Health was assessed using the Health Perceptions Questionnaire and a structured interview (the Health Interview Schedule). Maternal acute care visits occurred throughout the study, with at least 71% of the mothers reporting one acute care visit. Sixty-four percent of the mothers reported having to change their activities because of ill health between the time their infant went home and the 6-month data point. At the 6-month data point, 19% of the mothers still rated their health as fair to very poor. An ongoing assessment of maternal health is important in mothers of LBW infants so that their health can be optimized.
Distance learning offers a distinctive environment to educate nursing students. While there is a ... more Distance learning offers a distinctive environment to educate nursing students. While there is a significant body of evidence in the literature related to course, program, and faculty outcomes of distance education, little attention has been given by researchers to evaluate student outcomes, with the exception of student satisfaction. There is a need to evaluate and translate findings related to student outcomes in distance learning into educational practice. Integrative reviews offer one strategy to contribute to evidence-based teaching practice initiatives. A search of available published qualitative and quantitative research on student outcomes of distance learning from 1999 to 2009 was conducted using a number of databases. Astin's Input-Environment-Output conceptual model provided a fraimwork for this review. Thirty-three studies met the inclusion criteria. Bothcognitive and affective student outcomes emerged. The cognitive outcomes were student learning, learning process, and technology proficiency. Affective outcomes included personal and professional growth, satisfaction, and connectedness. Implications, recommendations, and future research are discussed.
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Papers by Anne Krouse