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Shenyang Mandarin

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Shenyang Mandarin
瀋陽話 / 沈阳话
Shěnyánghuà
Native toChina
RegionShenyang
Language codes
ISO 639-3
cmn-she
Glottologshen1252

Shenyang Mandarin (Chinese: 沈阳话) is a dialect of Northeastern Mandarin used by people in and around Shenyang, the capital of Liaoning province and the largest city in Northeast China. It is very close to Standard Chinese but has some notably distinctive words. Some people consider it a strong accent rather than a distinct dialect. Because of its similarity to the standard language, pinyin can be used to represent its pronunciation. Its usage is dwindling as schools in Shenyang teach only the standard language.

Relative pitch changes of the four tones in Standard Chinese. Shenyang diverges the most with tone 1.

The most distinctive aspect of the Shenyang dialect is the much lower pitch of the first tone than in Standard Mandarin. It would be positioned at 2, rather than 5, on the chart shown (right). As a result, it can sound rather like the third tone.

Like the Beijing dialect, the Shenyang dialect is characterized by erhua (儿化).

Some of the words in the Shenyang dialect come from other languages like the Manchu language. One example is 旮旯儿 gālár 'corner'.

Examples of words in various Northeastern dialects (not necessarily specific to Shenyang) include:

Northeastern Mandarin pinyin Standard Mandarin pinyin Translation
不赶趟儿 bù gǎntàngr 来不及 lái bù jí too late
波楞盖儿 bōlingàr 膝盖 xīgài kneecap
疙瘩、圪塔[citation needed] gāda 地方 dìfang place (noun)
得瑟 dèse 卖弄 màinòng to show off
老鼻子(了) lǎobízi(le) 很多 hěnduō a lot
驲驲地 rírídi (象声词:车速度快) N/A onomatopoeia: fast car
埋汰 máitai zāng dirty, filthy
嘎哈 gàhá 干什么 、干嘛 gànshénme, gànmá What are you doing?
砢碜 kēchen, kēzhen 丑、难看 chǒu, nánkàn ugly, hideous
lǎo hěn very
zéi 特别 tèbié exceedingly
bàng good, excellent
蚂蛉 māling 蜻蜓 qīngtíng dragonfly
嘎赌 gàdu 打赌 dǎdǔ to bet

Phonology

[edit]

Shenyang dialect has 19 initial consonants, as opposed to the 21 in Standard Mandarin. Notably, the retroflex consonants [ʈ͡ʂ], [ʈ͡ʂʰ] and [ʂ] in Standard Mandarin are pronounced as [t͡s], [t͡sʰ] and [s], respectively, while [ɻ] is omitted. While lost in Standard Mandarin, Middle Chinese [ɳ] is preserved in the Shenyang dialect. [v] also exists in the Shenyang dialect.[1]

Initial consonants, Shenyang dialect
Labial Alveolar Dental sibilants Palatal Velar
Stops unaspirated p t t͡s t͡ɕ k
aspirated t͡sʰ t͡ɕʰ
Nasals m n ɳ
Fricatives f v s ɕ x
Approximants l

Standard Mandarin diphthongs tend to be pronounced as monophthongs in the Shenyang dialect. For example, [ai] becomes [æ], and [au] becomes [ɔ].[1]

References

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  1. ^ a b Meng, Xiangyu 孟祥宇 (2011). "Shěnyáng fāngyán yīn xì gàishuō" 沈阳方言音系概说. Yǔwén xuékān 语文学刊. 2011 (2): 31–33.








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