create a website

The Benefits and Costs of Group Affiliation: Evidence from East Asia. (2002). Lang, Larry ; Claessens, Stijn ; Fan, Joseph P. H., .
In: CEPR Discussion Papers.
RePEc:cpr:ceprdp:3364.

Full description at Econpapers || Download paper

Cited: 18

Citations received by this document

Cites: 30

References cited by this document

Cocites: 50

Documents which have cited the same bibliography

Coauthors: 0

Authors who have wrote about the same topic

Citations

Citations received by this document

  1. Business Groups and Corporate Responsibility for the Public Good. (2018). Matten, Dirk ; Colpan, Asli M ; Ararat, Melsa.
    In: Journal of Business Ethics.
    RePEc:kap:jbuset:v:153:y:2018:i:4:d:10.1007_s10551-018-3920-4.

    Full description at Econpapers || Download paper

  2. Tunneling or Propping? Evidence for Related Party Transactions in Israel. (2016). Yaron, Amzaleg ; Ahron, Rosenfeld .
    In: International Journal of Management Sciences.
    RePEc:rss:jnljms:v7i6p5.

    Full description at Econpapers || Download paper

  3. Ownership and control in Central and Eastern Europe. (2014). Zechner, Josef ; Gugler, Klaus ; Ivanova, Natalia .
    In: Journal of Corporate Finance.
    RePEc:eee:corfin:v:26:y:2014:i:c:p:145-163.

    Full description at Econpapers || Download paper

  4. The structure and formation of business groups: Evidence from Korean chaebols. (2011). Wolfenzon, Daniel ; Park, Sang Yong ; Subrahmanyam, Marti G. ; Almeida, Heitor .
    In: Journal of Financial Economics.
    RePEc:eee:jfinec:v:99:y:2011:i:2:p:447-475.

    Full description at Econpapers || Download paper

  5. An Alternative View on Law, Institutions, Finance and Growth. (2011). Zhang, Chenying ; Qian, Jun ; Allen, Franklin.
    In: Working Papers.
    RePEc:ecl:upafin:11-64.

    Full description at Econpapers || Download paper

  6. Affiliation and Firm Performance: Evidence from Indian Business Groups. (2010). Ghosh, Saibal.
    In: MPRA Paper.
    RePEc:pra:mprapa:24291.

    Full description at Econpapers || Download paper

  7. Does group affiliation increase firm value for diversified groups?: New evidence from Indian companies. (2010). Van der Molen, Remco ; lensink, robert ; Remco van der Molen, .
    In: Journal of Empirical Finance.
    RePEc:eee:empfin:v:17:y:2010:i:3:p:332-344.

    Full description at Econpapers || Download paper

  8. AFFILIATION AND FIRM PERFORMANCE: EVIDENCE FROM INDIAN BUSINESS GROUPS. (2010). Ghosh, Saibal.
    In: Manchester School.
    RePEc:bla:manchs:v:78:y:2010:i:3:p:183-200.

    Full description at Econpapers || Download paper

  9. Should business groups be dismantled? The equilibrium costs of efficient internal capital markets. (2006). Wolfenzon, Daniel ; Almeida, Heitor .
    In: Journal of Financial Economics.
    RePEc:eee:jfinec:v:79:y:2006:i:1:p:99-144.

    Full description at Econpapers || Download paper

  10. Corporate Failure Prediction Modeling: Distorted by Business Groups Internal Capital Markets?. (2006). Dewaelheyns, Nico ; van Hulle, Cynthia.
    In: Journal of Business Finance & Accounting.
    RePEc:bla:jbfnac:v:33:y:2006:i:5-6:p:909-931.

    Full description at Econpapers || Download paper

  11. Corporate Failure Prediction Modeling: Distorted by Business Groups Internal Capital Markets?. (2006). Dewaelheyns, Nico ; van Hulle, Cynthia.
    In: Journal of Business Finance & Accounting.
    RePEc:bla:jbfnac:v:33:y:2006-06:i:5-6:p:909-931.

    Full description at Econpapers || Download paper

  12. Diversification, propping and monitoring: Business groups, firm performance and the Indian economic transition. (2005). Sarkar, Jayati ; Kali, Raja .
    In: Indira Gandhi Institute of Development Research, Mumbai Working Papers.
    RePEc:ind:igiwpp:2005-006.

    Full description at Econpapers || Download paper

  13. Diversification, Propping and Monitoring - Business Groups, Firm Performance and the Indian Economic Transition. (2005). Sarkar, Jayati ; Kali, Raja .
    In: Finance Working Papers.
    RePEc:eab:financ:22357.

    Full description at Econpapers || Download paper

  14. The Diversified Business Group as an Innovative Organizational Model for Large State-Enterprise Reform in China and Vietnam. (2005). Abegaz, Berhanu.
    In: Working Papers.
    RePEc:cwm:wpaper:13.

    Full description at Econpapers || Download paper

  15. Business Groups and Profit Redistribution : A Boon or Bane for Firms. (2004). Kabir, Rezaul ; Douma, S W ; George, R.
    In: Other publications TiSEM.
    RePEc:tiu:tiutis:065c6a3e-5b9a-40b7-9843-5b611b2aa9b2.

    Full description at Econpapers || Download paper

  16. Business Groups and Profit Redistribution : A Boon or Bane for Firms. (2004). Kabir, Rezaul ; Douma, S. W. ; George, R..
    In: Discussion Paper.
    RePEc:tiu:tiucen:065c6a3e-5b9a-40b7-9843-5b611b2aa9b2.

    Full description at Econpapers || Download paper

  17. The Impact of Business Groups on Bankruptcy Prediction Modeling. (2004). Dewaelheyns, Nico ; van Hulle, C.
    In: Review of Business and Economic Literature.
    RePEc:ete:revbec:20040404.

    Full description at Econpapers || Download paper

  18. Corporate Governance in Asia: A Survey. (2002). Claessens, Stijn ; Joseph P. H. Fan, .
    In: International Review of Finance.
    RePEc:bla:irvfin:v:3:y:2002:i:2:p:71-103.

    Full description at Econpapers || Download paper

References

References cited by this document

  1. Amsden, Alice, 1989, Asias Next Giant: South Korea and Late Industrialization, Oxford University Press, New York and Oxford.
    Paper not yet in RePEc: Add citation now
  2. Aoki, Masahiko, 1990, Toward an Economic Model of the Japanese Firm, Journal of Economic Literature, 28, 1-27.

  3. Bae, Kee-Hong, Jun-Koo Kang and Jin-Mo Kim, 2002, Tunneling or Valued Added: Evidence from Mergers by Korean Business Groups, Journal of Finance, forthcoming.

  4. Barca, Fabrizio and Marco Becht, 2001, The Control of Corporate Europe, Oxford University Press, Oxford.

  5. Bebchuk, Lucian, Reinier Kraakman and George Triantis, 2000, Stock Pyramids, CrossOwnership, and Dual Class Equity Stock Pyramids, in Concentrated Corporate Ownership, (R. Morck, ed.), NBER/University of Chicago Press, Chicago, pp. 295315.

  6. Berger, Philip G. and Eli Ofek, 1995, Diversifications Effect on Firm Value, Journal of Financial Economics, 37, 39-65.

  7. Bertrand, Marianne, Paras Mehta and Sendhil Mullainathan, 2002, Ferreting out Tunneling: An Application to Indian Business Groups, Mimeo, MIT.

  8. Chang, James, Tarun Khanna and Krishna Palepu, 1999, Transparency in Emerging Markets: The Extent and Accuracy of Analyst Activity, Working Paper, The Wharton School and Harvard Business School.
    Paper not yet in RePEc: Add citation now
  9. Claessens, Stijn, Simeon Djankov, and Larry H.P. Lang, 2000, The Separation of Ownership and Control in East Asian Corporations, Journal of Financial Economics, Vol. 58, No 1-2, 81-112.

  10. Claessens, Stijn, Simeon Djankov, Joseph P.H. Fan, and Larry H.P. Lang, 2002, Disentangling the Incentive and Entrenchment Effects of Large Shareholdings Journal of Finance, forthcoming.

  11. Coase, Ronald H., 1960, The Problem of Social Costs, Journal of Law and Economics, 3, 144.
    Paper not yet in RePEc: Add citation now
  12. Hoshi, Takea, Anil Kayshap and Jeremy Scharfstein, 1990, The role of banks in reducing the costs of financial distress in Japan, Journal of Financial Economics, 27:67-88.

  13. Hoshi, Takea, Anil Kayshap and Jeremy Scharfstein, 1991, Corporate Structure, Liquidity and Investment: Evidence from Japanese Industrial Groups, Quarterly Journal of Economics, 106:1. 33-60.

  14. Khanna, Tarun, and Krishna Palepu, 2000, Is Group Affiliation Profitable in Emerging Markets? An Analysis of Diversified Indian Business Groups, Journal of Finance, 55:2, 867-91.

  15. Khanna, Tarun, and Yishay Yafeh, 2001, Business Groups and Risk Sharing Around the World, Working Paper, The Wharton School and Harvard Business School.

  16. La Porta, Rafael, Florencio Lopez-de-Silanes, and Andrei Shleifer, 1999, Corporate Ownership around the World, Journal of Finance, 54:2, 471-518.

  17. La Porta, Rafael, Florencio Lopez-de-Silanes, and Guillermom Zamarripa, 2002, Related Lending, NBER Working Paper 8848.

  18. La Porta, Rafael, Florencio Lopez-de-Silanes, Andrei Shleifer, and Robert Vishny, 2002, Investor Protection and Corporate Valuation, Journal of Finance, June, forthcoming.

  19. Lins, Karl and Henri Servaes, 1999, International Evidence on the Value of Corporate Diversification, Journal of Finance, 54:6, 2215-2239.

  20. Lins, Karl and Henri Servaes, 2002, Is Corporate Diversification Beneficial in Emerging Markets?, Financial Management Summer 2002, forthcoming.

  21. Nicodano, Giovanna, 1998, Corporate Groups, Dual-class Shares and the Value of Voting Rights, Journal of Banking & Finance, 22, 1117-1137.

  22. Perotti, Enrico C., and Stanislav Gelfer, 2002, Red Barons or Robber Barons? Governance and Financing in Russian Financial-Industrial Groups, European Economic Review, forthcoming.

  23. Rajan, Rajan, Henri Servaes, and Luigi Zingales, 2000, The Cost of Diversity: The Diversification Discount and Inefficient Investment, Journal of Finance, 55:1, 3580, February.

  24. Scharfstein, David and Jeremy Stein, 2000, The Dark Side of Internal Capital Markets: Divisional Rent-Seeking and Inefficient Investment, Journal of Finance, 55, No. 6, 2537-2564, December.

  25. Scharfstein, David, 1997, The Dark Side of Internal Capital Markets II: Evidence from Diversified Conglomerates, NBER Working Paper 6352.

  26. Shin, H. and Rene Stulz, 1998, Are Internal Capital Markets Efficient? Quarterly Journal of Economics, 113, 531-552.

  27. Shleifer, Andrei and Robert Vishny, 1997. A Survey of Corporate Governance, Journal of Finance, 52: 737-783.

  28. Stein, Jeremy C., 1997, Internal Capital Markets and the Competition for Corporate Resources, Journal of Finance, 52, 111-133.

  29. Stulz, Rene M., 1988, Managerial Control of Voting Rights: Financing Policies and the Market for Corporate Control, Journal of Financial Economics, 20, 25-54.

  30. Williamson, Oliver E., 1985, The Economic Institutions of Capitalism, New York, NY: The Free Press.
    Paper not yet in RePEc: Add citation now

Cocites

Documents in RePEc which have cited the same bibliography

  1. Institutionalist analysis of an industry: project and methodology (In French). (2009). .
    In: Cahiers du GREThA.
    RePEc:grt:wpegrt:2009-19.

    Full description at Econpapers || Download paper

  2. The Relationship between Entrepreneurship and Unemployment in Japan. (2008). van Stel, André ; Thurik, Roy ; André van Stel, ; Baljeu, Lendert ; Verheul, Ingrid .
    In: Tinbergen Institute Discussion Papers.
    RePEc:tin:wpaper:20070080.

    Full description at Econpapers || Download paper

  3. Contracting with a quiet life manager. (2007). Alonso-Pauli, Eduard.
    In: Working Papers.
    RePEc:pab:wpaper:07.19.

    Full description at Econpapers || Download paper

  4. CHINA’S ECONOMIC GROWTH, 1978-2005: STRUCTURAL CHANGE AND INSTITUTIONAL ATTRIBUTES. (2006). Lo, Dic ; Guicai, LI.
    In: Working Papers.
    RePEc:soa:wpaper:150.

    Full description at Econpapers || Download paper

  5. Japanese Horizontal Keiretsu and the Performance Implications of Membership. (2006). Goerzen, Anthony ; Isobe, Takehiko ; Makino, Shige.
    In: Discussion Paper Series.
    RePEc:kob:dpaper:190.

    Full description at Econpapers || Download paper

  6. The Contribution of Business Ownership in Bringing Down Unemployment in Japan. (2006). Verheul, Ingrid ; van Stel, André ; Thurik, Roy ; Baljeu, Lendert .
    In: Papers on Entrepreneurship, Growth and Public Policy.
    RePEc:esi:egpdis:2006-05.

    Full description at Econpapers || Download paper

  7. The evolutionary theory of the firm: Routines, complexity and change. (2005). Hölzl, Werner.
    In: Working Papers.
    RePEc:wiw:wiwgee:geewp46.

    Full description at Econpapers || Download paper

  8. The link between the diversity of productive models and the variety of capitalisms. (2005). Lung, Yannick.
    In: Cahiers du GRES (2002-2009).
    RePEc:grs:wpegrs:2005-17.

    Full description at Econpapers || Download paper

  9. Les leviers de contrôle des actionnaires majoritaires. (2005). Szafarz, Ariane ; Chapelle, Ariane ; Biebuyck, Thibault.
    In: DULBEA Working Papers.
    RePEc:dul:wpaper:05-03rs.

    Full description at Econpapers || Download paper

  10. The Diversified Business Group as an Innovative Organizational Model for Large State-Enterprise Reform in China and Vietnam. (2005). Abegaz, Berhanu.
    In: Working Papers.
    RePEc:cwm:wpaper:13.

    Full description at Econpapers || Download paper

  11. Life-Cycle Consumption Plans and Portfolio Policies in a Heath-Jarrow-Morton Economy. (2005). Treussard, Jonathan ; Mookherjee, Dilip.
    In: Boston University - Department of Economics - Working Papers Series.
    RePEc:bos:wpaper:wp2005-033.

    Full description at Econpapers || Download paper

  12. Large Firms and Subcontracting Relations in Commercial Aircraft. (2004). Giunta, Anna.
    In: Industrial Organization.
    RePEc:wpa:wuwpio:0403008.

    Full description at Econpapers || Download paper

  13. Demand, Supply and Coordination: An Integrated Theory of the Division of Labor. (2004). WANG, YIJIANG.
    In: Working Papers.
    RePEc:hrr:papers:0405.

    Full description at Econpapers || Download paper

  14. An Organizational Architecture of T-form: Silicon Valley Clustering and its Institutional Coherence (Formerly 03004). (2004). Aoki, Masahiko .
    In: Discussion papers.
    RePEc:eti:dpaper:04003.

    Full description at Econpapers || Download paper

  15. Business Ownership and Unemployment in Japan. (2004). Verheul, Ingrid ; Thurik, Roy ; Stam, Joop ; van Acht, Joost .
    In: Papers on Entrepreneurship, Growth and Public Policy.
    RePEc:esi:egpdis:2004-09.

    Full description at Econpapers || Download paper

  16. Instituciones, costos de transacción y políticas públicas: un panorama. (2003). Caballero Miguez, Gonzalo ; Arias Moreira, Xosé Carlos.
    In: Revista de Economía Institucional.
    RePEc:rei:ecoins:v:5:y:2003:i:8:p:117-146.

    Full description at Econpapers || Download paper

  17. Firms, Contracts, and Trade Structure. (2003). Antras, Pol.
    In: NBER Working Papers.
    RePEc:nbr:nberwo:9740.

    Full description at Econpapers || Download paper

  18. THE PROBLEM OF REGIONAL HOLLOWING OUT IN JAPAN : LESSONS FOR REGIONAL INDUSTRIAL POLICY. (2002). Tomlinson, Philip ; Cowling, Keith.
    In: The Warwick Economics Research Paper Series (TWERPS).
    RePEc:wrk:warwec:625.

    Full description at Econpapers || Download paper

  19. RE-VISITING THE ROOTS OF JAPANS STRUCTURAL DECLINE:THE ROLE OF THE JAPANESE CORPORATION. (2002). Tomlinson, Philip ; Cowling, Keith.
    In: The Warwick Economics Research Paper Series (TWERPS).
    RePEc:wrk:warwec:624.

    Full description at Econpapers || Download paper

  20. Revisiting the Roots of Japans Economic Stagnation: The role of the Japanese corporation. (2002). Tomlinson, Philip ; Cowling, Keith.
    In: International Review of Applied Economics.
    RePEc:taf:irapec:v:16:y:2002:i:4:p:373-390.

    Full description at Econpapers || Download paper

  21. The Importance of Sectoral Differences in the Application of Complementary HRM Practices for Innovation Performance. (2002). Laursen, Keld.
    In: International Journal of the Economics of Business.
    RePEc:taf:ijecbs:v:9:y:2002:i:1:p:139-156.

    Full description at Econpapers || Download paper

  22. Les leviers de contrôle des actionnaires majoritaires. (2002). Szafarz, Ariane ; Chapelle, Ariane ; Biebuyck, Thibault.
    In: Working Papers CEB.
    RePEc:sol:wpaper:03-001.

    Full description at Econpapers || Download paper

  23. TOWARDS A RE-INTERPRETATION OF THE ECONOMICS OF FEASIBLE SOCIALISM. (2002). Smyth, Russell ; Lo, Dic .
    In: Working Papers.
    RePEc:soa:wpaper:119.

    Full description at Econpapers || Download paper

  24. On the relationship between a banks equity holdings and bank performance. (2002). Serna, Gregorio ; Nieto, Maria J..
    In: DEE - Working Papers. Business Economics. WB.
    RePEc:cte:wbrepe:wb026322.

    Full description at Econpapers || Download paper

  25. The Benefits and Costs of Group Affiliation: Evidence from East Asia. (2002). Lang, Larry ; Claessens, Stijn ; Fan, Joseph P. H., .
    In: CEPR Discussion Papers.
    RePEc:cpr:ceprdp:3364.

    Full description at Econpapers || Download paper

  26. A market-process approach to corporate coherence. (2001). Foss, Nicolai ; Jens Frøslev Christensen, .
    In: Managerial and Decision Economics.
    RePEc:wly:mgtdec:v:22:y:2001:i:4-5:p:213-226.

    Full description at Econpapers || Download paper

  27. China and the East Asian Model A Comparative Institutional AnalysisPerspective. (2001). Lin, Justin ; Lee, Keun ; Hahn, Donghoon.
    In: Working Paper Series.
    RePEc:snu:ioerwp:no41.

    Full description at Econpapers || Download paper

  28. Dividends and Expropriation. (2001). young, leslie ; Lang, Larry ; Faccio, Mara.
    In: American Economic Review.
    RePEc:aea:aecrev:v:91:y:2001:i:1:p:54-78.

    Full description at Econpapers || Download paper

  29. The Importance of Sectoral Differences in the Application of (Complementary) HRM Practices for Innovation Performance. (2001). Laursen, Keld.
    In: DRUID Working Papers.
    RePEc:aal:abbswp:01-11.

    Full description at Econpapers || Download paper

  30. Theories of the Firm and the Relationship between Different Perspectives on the Division of Labour. (2000). Smyth, Russell.
    In: Review of Political Economy.
    RePEc:taf:revpoe:v:12:y:2000:i:3:p:333-349.

    Full description at Econpapers || Download paper

  31. On the Japanese Economy and Japanese National Accounts. (2000). Ando, Albert .
    In: NBER Working Papers.
    RePEc:nbr:nberwo:8033.

    Full description at Econpapers || Download paper

  32. Transaction cost theory and management consulting: Why do management consultants exist?. (1999). Canback, Staffan.
    In: Industrial Organization.
    RePEc:wpa:wuwpio:9810002.

    Full description at Econpapers || Download paper

  33. Expropriation of minority shareholders : evidence from East Asia. (1999). Lang, Larry ; Djankov, Simeon ; Claessens, Stijn ; Joseph P. H. Fan, .
    In: Policy Research Working Paper Series.
    RePEc:wbk:wbrwps:2088.

    Full description at Econpapers || Download paper

  34. Who controls East Asian corporations ?. (1999). Lang, Larry ; Djankov, Simeon ; Claessens, Stijn.
    In: Policy Research Working Paper Series.
    RePEc:wbk:wbrwps:2054.

    Full description at Econpapers || Download paper

  35. On Job Rotation. (1998). Miceli, Thomas ; Cosgel, Metin.
    In: Working papers.
    RePEc:uct:uconnp:1998-02.

    Full description at Econpapers || Download paper

  36. Le mode de gouvernement des entreprises japonaises: un modèle à suivre ?. (1998). Nekhili, Mehdi.
    In: Working Papers CREGO.
    RePEc:dij:wpfarg:0981202.

    Full description at Econpapers || Download paper

  37. Enracinement des dirigeants et richesse des actionnaires. (1998). Pige, Benoit.
    In: Working Papers CREGO.
    RePEc:dij:wpfarg:0980903.

    Full description at Econpapers || Download paper

  38. Corporate Governance and Firm Strategy in the Pharmaceutical Industry. (1997). Matraves, Catherine ; Casper, Steven .
    In: CIG Working Papers.
    RePEc:wzb:wzebiv:fsiv97-20.

    Full description at Econpapers || Download paper

  39. Relational Financing as an Institution and its Viability under Competition. (1997). Aoki, Masahiko ; Dinc, Serdar.
    In: Working Papers.
    RePEc:wop:stanec:97011.

    Full description at Econpapers || Download paper

  40. Flexible Technology, Unemployment and Effort: The Role of the Organization of the Firm.. (1997). Gatti, Donatella.
    In: Working Papers.
    RePEc:wop:iasawp:ir97004.

    Full description at Econpapers || Download paper

  41. Complementarity and Cost Reduction: Evidence from the Auto Supply Industry. (1997). Helper, Susan.
    In: NBER Working Papers.
    RePEc:nbr:nberwo:6033.

    Full description at Econpapers || Download paper

  42. Financial Position of Russian Enterprises under Transformational Crisis.. (1996). Klepach, A..
    In: Working Papers.
    RePEc:wop:iasawp:wp96125.

    Full description at Econpapers || Download paper

  43. A Process Approach to Corporate Coherence. (1996). Foss, Nicolai ; Christensen, Jens Froslev.
    In: DRUID Working Papers.
    RePEc:aal:abbswp:96-7.

    Full description at Econpapers || Download paper

  44. What we have learned and have yet to learn from manufacturer-supplier relations in the auto industry. (1995). .
    In: Working papers.
    RePEc:mit:sloanp:2591.

    Full description at Econpapers || Download paper

  45. What we have learned and have yet to learn from manufacturer-supplier relations in the auto industry. (1995). .
    In: Working papers.
    RePEc:mit:sloanp:2589.

    Full description at Econpapers || Download paper

  46. The governments role in Japanese and Korean credit markets : a new institutional economics perspective. (1993). Hellmann, Thomas ; Yoon Je Cho, .
    In: Policy Research Working Paper Series.
    RePEc:wbk:wbrwps:1190.

    Full description at Econpapers || Download paper

  47. Financial reform lessons and strategies. (1993). Caprio, Gerard ; Atiyas, Izak ; Hanson, James .
    In: Policy Research Working Paper Series.
    RePEc:wbk:wbrwps:1107.

    Full description at Econpapers || Download paper

  48. The New Growth Theory and Coasean economics: Institutions to capture externalities. (1993). Grubel, Herbert ; Weder, Rolf .
    In: Review of World Economics (Weltwirtschaftliches Archiv).
    RePEc:spr:weltar:v:129:y:1993:i:3:p:488-513.

    Full description at Econpapers || Download paper

  49. Outside Intervention in Japanese Companies: Its Determinants and Implications for Mangers. (1993). Kaplan, Steven ; Minton, Bernadette .
    In: NBER Working Papers.
    RePEc:nbr:nberwo:4276.

    Full description at Econpapers || Download paper

  50. Ownership Structure and Corporate Performance in Japan. (1992). Lichtenberg, Frank ; George. M Pushner, .
    In: NBER Working Papers.
    RePEc:nbr:nberwo:4092.

    Full description at Econpapers || Download paper

Coauthors

Authors registered in RePEc who have wrote about the same topic

Report date: 2025-02-28 22:41:26 || Missing content? Let us know

CitEc is a RePEc service, providing citation data for Economics since 2001. Sponsored by INOMICS. Last updated October, 6 2023. Contact: CitEc Team.

pFad - Phonifier reborn

Pfad - The Proxy pFad of © 2024 Garber Painting. All rights reserved.

Note: This service is not intended for secure transactions such as banking, social media, email, or purchasing. Use at your own risk. We assume no liability whatsoever for broken pages.


Alternative Proxies:

Alternative Proxy

pFad Proxy

pFad v3 Proxy

pFad v4 Proxy