1384 Kniertje, provisional designation 1934 RX, is a dark Adeonian asteroid from the central regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 26 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 9 September 1934, by Dutch astronomer Hendrik van Gent at the Union Observatory in Johannesburg, South Africa.[19] The asteroid was named after a character in the Dutch play Op Hoop van Zegen by Herman Heijermans.[2]
| Discovery[1] | |
|---|---|
| Discovered by | H. van Gent |
| Discovery site | Johannesburg Obs. |
| Discovery date | 9 September 1934 |
| Designations | |
| (1384) Kniertje | |
Named after | Kniertje[2] (fictional character) |
| 1934 RX | |
| main-belt · (middle) Eunomia[3] · Adeona[4] | |
| Orbital characteristics[1] | |
| Epoch 4 September 2017 (JD 2458000.5) | |
| Uncertainty parameter 0 | |
| Observation arc | 83.06 yr (30,338 days) |
| Aphelion | 3.1649 AU |
| Perihelion | 2.1872 AU |
| 2.6760 AU | |
| Eccentricity | 0.1827 |
| 4.38 yr (1,599 days) | |
| 288.15° | |
| 0° 13m 30.36s / day | |
| Inclination | 11.858° |
| 152.86° | |
| 276.17° | |
| Physical characteristics | |
| Dimensions | 21.52±6.01 km[5] 21.72±6.93 km[6] 26.14±0.56 km[7] 26.29±0.38 km[8] 26.517±0.090 km[9] 26.59 km (derived)[3] 27.51±1.6 km[10] 29.592±0.230 km[11] |
| 9.78±0.02 h[12] 9.807±0.002 h[12] 9.808±0.001 h[12] 9.824±0.001 h[13] 9.872±0.012 h[14] 12.255±0.004 h[15][a] | |
| 0.0351±0.0035[11] 0.06±0.03[6] 0.064±0.006[8] 0.066±0.003[7] 0.07±0.05[5] 0.0701 (derived)[3] 0.3077±0.039[10] | |
| S (assumed, Eunomia)[3] C (assumed; Adeona)[16]: 23 | |
| 9.70[10] · 11.38[3][11] · 11.4[17] · 11.50[7][8] · 11.60[1][6] · 11.64[5] · 11.81±0.22[18] | |
Orbit and classification
editKniertje is a member of the Adeona family (505),[4] a large family of carbonaceous asteroids in the central main belt, named after 145 Adeona. It is also dynamically classified as a member of the Eunomia family (502), the largest in the intermediate main belt with more than 5,000 stony asteroids.[3][16]: 23
The asteroid orbits the Sun in the central asteroid belt at a distance of 2.2–3.2 AU once every 4 years and 5 months (1,599 days). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.18 and an inclination of 12° with respect to the ecliptic.[1] The body's observation arc begins with its official discovery observation at Johannesburg in 1934.[19]
Physical characteristics
editKniertje's spectral type is unknown. Although the LCDB assumes an S-type (due to its dynamical classification to the stony Eunomia family), a low albedo of 0.0701 is derived (see below) which is typical for carbonaceous C-type asteroids and in agreement with the overall spectral type of the Adeona family (505).[3][16]: 23
Rotation period
editSeveral rotational lightcurves of Kniertje have been obtained from photometric observations since 2003. Lightcurve analysis gave a rotation period between 9.78 and 9.872 hours with a brightness variation between 0.15 and 0.32 magnitude (U=2/2/2/2/2).[12][13][14] An alternative period solution of 12.255 hours with an amplitude of 0.33 magnitude was found by Brian Warner in March 2006 (U=2).[15][a]
Diameter and albedo
editAccording to the surveys carried out by the Infrared Astronomical Satellite IRAS, the Japanese Akari satellite and the NEOWISE mission of NASA's Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer, Kniertje measures between 21.52 and 29.592 kilometers in diameter and its surface has an albedo between 0.0351 and 0.3077.[5][6][7][8][9][10][11]
The Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link derives an albedo of 0.0701 and a diameter of 26.59 kilometers based on an absolute magnitude of 11.38.[3]
Naming
editThis minor planet was named after the principal character in Op Hoop van Zegen, a play by Dutch writer Herman Heijermans (1864–1924). The official naming citation was mentioned in The Names of the Minor Planets by Paul Herget in 1955 (H 125).[2]
Notes
edit- ^ a b Lightcurve plot of 1384 Kniertje, Palmer Divide Observatory, Brian D. Warner (2006). Observer's comment: "a period of 9.816 h cannot be formally excluded". Summary figures at LCDB.
References
edit- ^ a b c d "JPL Small-Body Database Browser: 1384 Kniertje (1934 RX)" (2017-10-01 last obs.). Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Retrieved 27 October 2017.
- ^ a b c Schmadel, Lutz D. (2007). "(1384) Kniertje". Dictionary of Minor Planet Names. Springer Berlin Heidelberg. p. 112. doi:10.1007/978-3-540-29925-7_1385. ISBN 978-3-540-00238-3.
- ^ a b c d e f g h "LCDB Data for (1384) Kniertje". Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB). Retrieved 27 October 2017.
- ^ a b "Asteroid 1384 Kniertje – Nesvorny HCM Asteroid Families V3.0". Small Bodies Data Ferret. Retrieved 26 October 2019.
- ^ a b c d Nugent, C. R.; Mainzer, A.; Bauer, J.; Cutri, R. M.; Kramer, E. A.; Grav, T.; et al. (September 2016). "NEOWISE Reactivation Mission Year Two: Asteroid Diameters and Albedos". The Astronomical Journal. 152 (3): 12. arXiv:1606.08923. Bibcode:2016AJ....152...63N. doi:10.3847/0004-6256/152/3/63.
- ^ a b c d Nugent, C. R.; Mainzer, A.; Masiero, J.; Bauer, J.; Cutri, R. M.; Grav, T.; et al. (December 2015). "NEOWISE Reactivation Mission Year One: Preliminary Asteroid Diameters and Albedos". The Astrophysical Journal. 814 (2): 13. arXiv:1509.02522. Bibcode:2015ApJ...814..117N. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/814/2/117. Retrieved 27 October 2017.
- ^ a b c d Usui, Fumihiko; Kuroda, Daisuke; Müller, Thomas G.; Hasegawa, Sunao; Ishiguro, Masateru; Ootsubo, Takafumi; et al. (October 2011). "Asteroid Catalog Using Akari: AKARI/IRC Mid-Infrared Asteroid Survey". Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan. 63 (5): 1117–1138. Bibcode:2011PASJ...63.1117U. doi:10.1093/pasj/63.5.1117. (online, AcuA catalog p. 153)
- ^ a b c d Masiero, Joseph R.; Mainzer, A. K.; Grav, T.; Bauer, J. M.; Cutri, R. M.; Nugent, C.; et al. (November 2012). "Preliminary Analysis of WISE/NEOWISE 3-Band Cryogenic and Post-cryogenic Observations of Main Belt Asteroids". The Astrophysical Journal Letters. 759 (1): 5. arXiv:1209.5794. Bibcode:2012ApJ...759L...8M. doi:10.1088/2041-8205/759/1/L8. Retrieved 27 October 2017.
- ^ a b Masiero, Joseph R.; Grav, T.; Mainzer, A. K.; Nugent, C. R.; Bauer, J. M.; Stevenson, R.; et al. (August 2014). "Main-belt Asteroids with WISE/NEOWISE: Near-infrared Albedos". The Astrophysical Journal. 791 (2): 11. arXiv:1406.6645. Bibcode:2014ApJ...791..121M. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/791/2/121. Retrieved 27 October 2017.
- ^ a b c d Tedesco, E. F.; Noah, P. V.; Noah, M.; Price, S. D. (October 2004). "IRAS Minor Planet Survey V6.0". NASA Planetary Data System. 12: IRAS-A-FPA-3-RDR-IMPS-V6.0. Bibcode:2004PDSS...12.....T. Retrieved 22 October 2019.
- ^ a b c d Mainzer, A.; Grav, T.; Masiero, J.; Hand, E.; Bauer, J.; Tholen, D.; et al. (November 2011). "NEOWISE Studies of Spectrophotometrically Classified Asteroids: Preliminary Results". The Astrophysical Journal. 741 (2): 25. arXiv:1109.6407. Bibcode:2011ApJ...741...90M. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/741/2/90.
- ^ a b c d Behrend, Raoul. "Asteroids and comets rotation curves – (1384) Kniertje". Geneva Observatory. Retrieved 27 October 2017.
- ^ a b Hawkins, Scot; Ditteon, Richard (March 2008). "Asteroid Lightcurve Analysis at the Oakley Observatory - May 2007". The Minor Planet Bulletin. 35 (1): 1–4. Bibcode:2008MPBu...35....1H. ISSN 1052-8091. Retrieved 27 October 2017.
- ^ a b Vinson, Rachel; Moore, Robert; Ditteon, Richard (July 2014). "Asteroid Lightcurve Analysis at the Oakley Southern Sky Observatory: 2013 October". The Minor Planet Bulletin. 41 (3): 169–170. Bibcode:2014MPBu...41..169V. ISSN 1052-8091. Retrieved 27 October 2017.
- ^ a b Warner, Brian D. (December 2006). "Asteroid lightcurve analysis at the Palmer Divide Observatory - March - June 2006". The Minor Planet Bulletin. 33 (4): 85–88. Bibcode:2006MPBu...33...85W. ISSN 1052-8091. Retrieved 27 October 2017.
- ^ a b c Nesvorný, D.; Broz, M.; Carruba, V. (December 2014). "Identification and Dynamical Properties of Asteroid Families". Asteroids IV. pp. 297–321. arXiv:1502.01628. Bibcode:2015aste.book..297N. doi:10.2458/azu_uapress_9780816532131-ch016. ISBN 9780816532131.
- ^ Faure, Gerard; Garret, Lawrence (December 2007). "Suggested Revised H Values of Selected Asteroids: Report Number 3". The Minor Planet Bulletin. 34 (4): 95–99. Bibcode:2007MPBu...34...95F. ISSN 1052-8091. Retrieved 27 October 2017.
- ^ Veres, Peter; Jedicke, Robert; Fitzsimmons, Alan; Denneau, Larry; Granvik, Mikael; Bolin, Bryce; et al. (November 2015). "Absolute magnitudes and slope parameters for 250,000 asteroids observed by Pan-STARRS PS1 - Preliminary results". Icarus. 261: 34–47. arXiv:1506.00762. Bibcode:2015Icar..261...34V. doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2015.08.007. Retrieved 27 October 2017.
- ^ a b "1384 Kniertje (1934 RX)". Minor Planet Center. Retrieved 27 October 2017.
External links
edit- Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB), query form (info Archived 16 December 2017 at the Wayback Machine)
- Dictionary of Minor Planet Names, Google books
- Asteroids and comets rotation curves, CdR – Observatoire de Genève, Raoul Behrend
- Discovery Circumstances: Numbered Minor Planets (1)-(5000) – Minor Planet Center
- 1384 Kniertje at AstDyS-2, Asteroids—Dynamic Site
- 1384 Kniertje at the JPL Small-Body Database
