Apocynoideae

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Apocynoideae is a subfamily of the flowering plant family Apocynaceae (order Gentianales), also called the 'dogbane' or milkweed family, containing about 860 species across 78 genera. Several are of pharmacological interest; Strophanthus has furnished highly effective arrow poisons, due to their cardiac glycoside content.^[3] Apocynoideae also includes many popular landscaping and ornamental species, one of the best-known, and most infamous, being the oleander (Nerium oleander); the subfamily also contains remarkable pachycaul genera like Adenium and Pachypodium.

Apocynoideae

Apocynum venetum
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
Clade:	Tracheophytes
Clade:	Angiosperms
Clade:	Eudicots
Clade:	Asterids
Order:	Gentianales
Family:	Apocynaceae
Subfamily:	Apocynoideae Burnett^[1]
Tribes^[2]
Apocyneae Echiteae Baisseeae Malouetieae Mesechiteae Wrightieae

Strophanthus speciosus

Nerium oleander

Chonemorpha fragrans

Pentalinon luteum

Genera

Tribe Apocyneae (24 genera)

Beaumontia Wall. (5 species) - Indomalayan
Parepigynum Tsiang & P.T.Li - S China
Vallaris Burm.f. - Indomalayan
Anodendron A.DC. - Indomalayan, Oceanian
Ixodonerium Pit. - Vietnam
Papuechites Markgr. - Oceanian
Amphineurion (A.DC.) Pichon - Indomalayan
Sindechites Oliv. - S China, Indochina
Streptoechites D.J. Middleton & Livsh. - S China, Indochina
Apocynum L. - Holarctic
Cleghornia Wight - Indomalayan
Aganonerion Pierre ex Spire - Indochina
Parameria Benth. - China, Indochina
Urceola Roxb. - Indomalayan, Oceanian
Chonemorpha G.Don - Indomalayan
Trachelospermum Lem. - Indomalayan
Vallariopsis Woodson - Malesia
Aganosma (Blume) G.Don - Indomalayan
Amalocalyx Pierre - S China, Indochina
Baharuia D.J.Middleton - Malesia
Epigynum Wight - Indomalayan
Ichnocarpus R.Br. - Indomalayan
Micrechites Miq. - Indomalayan, Oceanian
Pottsia Hook. & Arn.^[4] - Indomalayan

Tribe Baisseeae (4 genera)

Baissea A.DC. (18 species) - Afrotropical
Dewevrella De Wild. - W Africa
Motandra A.DC. - Afrotropical
Oncinotis Benth. (7 species) - Afrotropical

Tribe Echiteae (23 genera)

Angadenia Miers - Caribbean
Pentalinon Voigt - Neotropical
Salpinctes Woodson
Asketanthera Woodson - Caribbean
Macropharynx Rusby - S America
Peltastes Woodson - S America
Temnadenia Miers - S America
Bahiella J.F.Morales - Brazil
Echites P.Browne - Neotropical
Fernaldia Woodson - C America
Hylaea J.F.Morales - S America
Laubertia A.DC. - Neotropical
Prestonia R.Br. (63 species) - Neotropical

Artia Guillaumin (5 species) - New Caledonia
Ecua D.J.Middleton (1 species) - Indonesia

Parsonsia R.Br. (120 species; could belong to Periplocoideae) - Indomalayan, Oceanian
Thenardia Kunth (3 species) - C America
Thoreauea J.K.Williams^[5] (3 species) - S Mexico

Tribe Malouetieae (13 genera)

Allowoodsonia Markgr. (1 species) - Solomon Islands
Carruthersia Seem. (4 species) - Philippines, Oceania
Eucorymbia Stapf (1 species) - Sundaland
Funtumia Stapf (2 species) - Afrotropical
Galactophora Woodson (6 species) - S America
Holarrhena R.Br. (5 species) - Indomalayan
Kibatalia G.Don (15 species) - Indomalayan, Sulawesi
Malouetia A.DC. (31 species) - Pantropical
Mascarenhasia A.DC. (8 species) - Madagascar
Neobracea Britton (8 species) - Caribbean
Pachypodium Lindl. (18 to 25 species) - Afrotropical
Spirolobium Baill.^[6] (1 species) - Sundaland

Tribe Mesechiteae (5 genera)

Allomarkgrafia Woodson (9 species) - Neotropical
Forsteronia G.Mey. (45 species) - Neotropical
Mandevilla Lindl. (115 species) - Neotropical
Mesechites Müll.Arg. (8 species) - Neotropical
Tintinnabularia Woodson^[7] (3 species) - C America

Tribe Nerieae (6 genera)

Adenium Roem. & Schult. (5 species) - Afrotropical
Alafia Thouars (26 species) - Afrotropical
Farquharia Stapf (1 species) - Afrotropical
Isonema R.Br. (3 species) - W Africa
Nerium L. (1 species) - Mediterranean
Strophanthus DC. (39 species) - Paleotropical

Tribe Odontadenieae (7 genera)

Cycladenia Benth. (1 species) - Southwestern North America
Elytropus Müll.Arg. (1 species) - Chile, Argentina
Odontadenia Benth. (20 species) - Neotropical
Pinochia B.F.Hansen & M.E.Endress (4 species) - Neotropical
Secondatia A.DC. (5 species) - Neotropical
Stipecoma Müll.Arg. (1 species) - Bolivia, Brazil
Thyrsanthella (Baill.) Pichon (1 species) - Eastern North America

Tribe Rhabdadenieae (1 genus)

Rhabdadenia Müll.Arg. (3 species) - Nearctic

Tribe Wrightieae (3 genera)

Pleioceras Baill. (5 species) - Afrotropical
Stephanostema K.Schum. (1 species) - Tanzania
Wrightia R.Br. (23 species)^[8] - Paleotropical

Gallery

Adenium obesum
Urceola polymorpha
Aganosma cymosa
Alafia caudata subsp. latiloba
Amphineurion marginatum
Beaumontia grandiflora
Chonemorpha fragrans side view of flowers
Cycladenia humilis var. jonesii
Echites umbellatus
Elytropus chilensis
Echites panduratus (harvested, edible, hairy flowers)
Funtumia elastica, former rubber source
Holarrhena pubescens
Holarrhena pubescens (detail)
Ichnocarpus frutescens
Kibatalia blancoi
Mandevilla sanderi
Mascarenhasia arborescens, former rubber source
Mesechites trifida
Odontadenia macrantha
Pachypodium lamerei, a pachycaul species
Pachypodium lamerei, close-up
Parsonsia diaphanophleba
Parsonsia diaphanophleba, single flower
Parsonsia straminea
Prestonia coalita
Rhabdadenia madida
Stephanostema stenocarpa (flowers v. small relative to foliage)
Strophanthus speciosus
Temnadenia odorifera
Thyrsanthella difformis
Urceola elastica
Vallaris glabra
Wrightia tinctoria

References

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Apocynoideae.

Wikispecies has information related to Apocynoideae.

^ Reveal, J.L. (2012). "Newly required infrafamilial names mandated by changes in the Code of Nomenclature For Algae, Fungi, and Plants". Phytoneuron. 33: 1–32. ISSN 2153-733X.
^ "Family: Apocynaceae Juss., nom. cons. subfam. Apocynoideae". Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. 2007-04-12. Retrieved 2010-11-26.
^ Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Strophanthus" . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 25 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 1041–1042.
^ "GRIN Genera of Apocynaceae tribe Apocyneae". Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. Retrieved 2010-11-26.
^ "GRIN Genera of Apocynaceae tribe Echiteae". Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. Retrieved 2010-11-26.
^ "GRIN Genera of Apocynaceae tribe Malouetieae". Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. Retrieved 2010-11-26.
^ "GRIN Genera of Apocynaceae tribe Mesechiteae". Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. Retrieved 2010-11-26.
^ "GRIN Genera of Apocynaceae tribe Wrightieae". Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. Retrieved 2010-11-26.

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